ANTH 411: Exam 1 Test Bank Questions & Accurate Answers
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2026-2027
Anthropology
the study of human beings, be it their biology, history, languages, cultures or
social institutions
Culture
The way of life of a people, the things they do and make, their ideas, norms,
values, symbols, material objects
Characteristics of culturev
Layered, Continuously reworded, Shared, socially constructed
Enculturation
the process of learning culture
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Holism
The anthropological commitment to consider the full scope of human life,
including culture, biology, history, and language, across space and time.
Subcultures
subgroups within the larger, or national, culture with unique values, ideas, and
attitudes Ex: United States-NH-UNH-Classroom culture
Universals
an element, pattern, trait, or institution that is common to all known human cultures
worldwide. Ex: murder is bad
four field approach anthropology
The use of four interrelated disciplines to study humanity: physical anthropology,
archaeology, linguistic anthropology, and cultural anthropology.
Biological Anthropology
the study of humans as biological organisms, including evolution and
contemporary variation
Paleoanthropology
the study of the history of human evolution through the fossil record
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Primatology
the study of living nonhuman primates as well as primate fossils to better
understand human evolution and early human behavior
EB Taylor
founder of cultural anthropology, defined it as: "Culture, or civilization, taken in
its broad, ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge,
belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by
man as a member of society."
Sarah Parcak
Space archaeologist who uses many non-invasive survey methods
Culture Change
Process of adopting the cultural ideas and processes of another, often to
conform to a new environment.
Globalization
Intensification of worldwide social relations that link distant localities in such a
way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away
Scapes of globalization
ethnoscapes, technoscapes, ideoscapes, financescapes, and mediascapes
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