NCLEX Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Exam Verified
Questions, Correct Answers, and Detailed
Explanations for Students||Already Graded A+
1. The nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. Which dietary instruction
is most important?
A. Limit fat intake
B. Encourage low-sodium foods
C. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet
D. Restrict fluids
Answer: C. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet
Rationale: Children with cystic fibrosis have malabsorption due to pancreatic
enzyme insufficiency. High-calorie, high-protein diets help meet nutritional
needs.
2. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized with asthma. Which symptom indicates
the need for immediate intervention?
A. Mild wheezing
B. Retractions and nasal flaring
C. Occasional coughing
D. Slight activity intolerance
Answer: B. Retractions and nasal flaring
Rationale: Retractions and nasal flaring indicate respiratory distress, which
requires prompt intervention.
3. A toddler is admitted with acute gastroenteritis. Which nursing
intervention is priority?
A. Administer antibiotics
B. Monitor hydration status
C. Encourage high-fiber foods
D. Promote bed rest
,Answer: B. Monitor hydration status
Rationale: Fluid loss from diarrhea and vomiting can quickly lead to
dehydration in toddlers. Hydration is the priority.
4. A nurse is teaching a parent about managing iron-deficiency anemia in a
toddler. Which instruction is correct?
A. Give iron supplements with milk
B. Encourage vitamin C-rich foods
C. Avoid meat products
D. Limit iron intake to prevent toxicity
Answer: B. Encourage vitamin C-rich foods
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Iron supplements should not be
given with milk as it decreases absorption.
5. A 6-year-old child has a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Which nursing action is most important?
A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed
B. Encourage physical activity
C. Monitor for signs of bleeding and infection
D. Provide high-fat snacks
Answer: C. Monitor for signs of bleeding and infection
Rationale: Immunosuppression and thrombocytopenia put the child at risk for
infection and bleeding.
6. A parent asks why their child receives the DTaP vaccine. What is the best
response?
A. “It protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.”
B. “It prevents polio.”
C. “It prevents measles, mumps, and rubella.”
D. “It is only given to infants under 6 months.”
Answer: A. “It protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.”
Rationale: DTaP immunization prevents these three serious bacterial infections.
,7. A 10-year-old with type 1 diabetes is nauseated and vomiting. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Encourage physical activity
B. Check blood glucose and ketones
C. Restrict fluid intake
D. Administer insulin immediately without assessment
Answer: B. Check blood glucose and ketones
Rationale: Vomiting in a child with type 1 diabetes may indicate diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA). Assessment is crucial before interventions.
8. A child with nephrotic syndrome has generalized edema. Which nursing
intervention is priority?
A. Provide low-protein diet
B. Monitor daily weight and abdominal girth
C. Encourage high-sodium foods
D. Restrict fluid intake completely
Answer: B. Monitor daily weight and abdominal girth
Rationale: Weight gain and abdominal distention reflect fluid retention;
monitoring these guides treatment.
9. A parent asks about varicella vaccination. The nurse should explain that it:
A. Is given only if the child has chickenpox
B. Requires two doses for full immunity
C. Is not recommended for children under 10
D. Protects against influenza
Answer: B. Requires two doses for full immunity
Rationale: The varicella vaccine is given in two doses to ensure effective
immunity against chickenpox.
10. A child with hemophilia presents with a bleeding episode. Which
intervention is priority?
, A. Administer analgesics only
B. Apply cold packs and immobilize the affected joint
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Provide high-sodium foods
Answer: B. Apply cold packs and immobilize the affected joint
Rationale: Controlling bleeding and protecting joints are essential in hemophilia
management.
11. The nurse is caring for a child with severe dehydration. Which IV fluid is
most appropriate initially?
A. 0.45% saline
B. D5W
C. 0.9% normal saline
D. Lactated Ringer’s with dextrose
Answer: C. 0.9% normal saline
Rationale: Isotonic fluids are used initially to restore circulating volume in
severe dehydration.
12. A nurse is assessing a child with epiglottitis. Which sign indicates a
medical emergency?
A. Sore throat
B. Drooling and tripod position
C. Mild cough
D. Low-grade fever
Answer: B. Drooling and tripod position
Rationale: These signs indicate airway obstruction, which is life-threatening in
epiglottitis.
13. A 2-year-old child with lead poisoning is admitted. What is the most
important nursing action?
A. Provide low-calcium diet
B. Initiate chelation therapy as prescribed
Questions, Correct Answers, and Detailed
Explanations for Students||Already Graded A+
1. The nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. Which dietary instruction
is most important?
A. Limit fat intake
B. Encourage low-sodium foods
C. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet
D. Restrict fluids
Answer: C. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet
Rationale: Children with cystic fibrosis have malabsorption due to pancreatic
enzyme insufficiency. High-calorie, high-protein diets help meet nutritional
needs.
2. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized with asthma. Which symptom indicates
the need for immediate intervention?
A. Mild wheezing
B. Retractions and nasal flaring
C. Occasional coughing
D. Slight activity intolerance
Answer: B. Retractions and nasal flaring
Rationale: Retractions and nasal flaring indicate respiratory distress, which
requires prompt intervention.
3. A toddler is admitted with acute gastroenteritis. Which nursing
intervention is priority?
A. Administer antibiotics
B. Monitor hydration status
C. Encourage high-fiber foods
D. Promote bed rest
,Answer: B. Monitor hydration status
Rationale: Fluid loss from diarrhea and vomiting can quickly lead to
dehydration in toddlers. Hydration is the priority.
4. A nurse is teaching a parent about managing iron-deficiency anemia in a
toddler. Which instruction is correct?
A. Give iron supplements with milk
B. Encourage vitamin C-rich foods
C. Avoid meat products
D. Limit iron intake to prevent toxicity
Answer: B. Encourage vitamin C-rich foods
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Iron supplements should not be
given with milk as it decreases absorption.
5. A 6-year-old child has a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Which nursing action is most important?
A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed
B. Encourage physical activity
C. Monitor for signs of bleeding and infection
D. Provide high-fat snacks
Answer: C. Monitor for signs of bleeding and infection
Rationale: Immunosuppression and thrombocytopenia put the child at risk for
infection and bleeding.
6. A parent asks why their child receives the DTaP vaccine. What is the best
response?
A. “It protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.”
B. “It prevents polio.”
C. “It prevents measles, mumps, and rubella.”
D. “It is only given to infants under 6 months.”
Answer: A. “It protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.”
Rationale: DTaP immunization prevents these three serious bacterial infections.
,7. A 10-year-old with type 1 diabetes is nauseated and vomiting. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Encourage physical activity
B. Check blood glucose and ketones
C. Restrict fluid intake
D. Administer insulin immediately without assessment
Answer: B. Check blood glucose and ketones
Rationale: Vomiting in a child with type 1 diabetes may indicate diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA). Assessment is crucial before interventions.
8. A child with nephrotic syndrome has generalized edema. Which nursing
intervention is priority?
A. Provide low-protein diet
B. Monitor daily weight and abdominal girth
C. Encourage high-sodium foods
D. Restrict fluid intake completely
Answer: B. Monitor daily weight and abdominal girth
Rationale: Weight gain and abdominal distention reflect fluid retention;
monitoring these guides treatment.
9. A parent asks about varicella vaccination. The nurse should explain that it:
A. Is given only if the child has chickenpox
B. Requires two doses for full immunity
C. Is not recommended for children under 10
D. Protects against influenza
Answer: B. Requires two doses for full immunity
Rationale: The varicella vaccine is given in two doses to ensure effective
immunity against chickenpox.
10. A child with hemophilia presents with a bleeding episode. Which
intervention is priority?
, A. Administer analgesics only
B. Apply cold packs and immobilize the affected joint
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Provide high-sodium foods
Answer: B. Apply cold packs and immobilize the affected joint
Rationale: Controlling bleeding and protecting joints are essential in hemophilia
management.
11. The nurse is caring for a child with severe dehydration. Which IV fluid is
most appropriate initially?
A. 0.45% saline
B. D5W
C. 0.9% normal saline
D. Lactated Ringer’s with dextrose
Answer: C. 0.9% normal saline
Rationale: Isotonic fluids are used initially to restore circulating volume in
severe dehydration.
12. A nurse is assessing a child with epiglottitis. Which sign indicates a
medical emergency?
A. Sore throat
B. Drooling and tripod position
C. Mild cough
D. Low-grade fever
Answer: B. Drooling and tripod position
Rationale: These signs indicate airway obstruction, which is life-threatening in
epiglottitis.
13. A 2-year-old child with lead poisoning is admitted. What is the most
important nursing action?
A. Provide low-calcium diet
B. Initiate chelation therapy as prescribed
