CANC 380 - MODULE 5 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
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What is the concept of immunoediting in cancer?
Ans✓✓✓Immunoediting describes how the immune system both
destroys cancer cells and acts as a selective pressure, driving cancer
evolution.
What is immune surveillance? Ans✓✓✓Immune surveillance is the
process by which the immune system continually surveys dividing cells
to ensure they are functioning normally and eliminates abnormal cells.
What evidence supports the immune surveillance theory?
Ans✓✓✓Patients with compromised immune systems, such as those
with AIDS, develop cancerous tumors more frequently than those with
fully functioning immune systems.
What role does the immune system play in tumor destruction?
Ans✓✓✓The immune system can cause regression of tumors by
recognizing tumor antigens through lymphocytes.
How can chronic inflammation affect cancer development?
Ans✓✓✓Chronic inflammation can promote malignancy and contribute
to tumor development.
What historical perspective shifted the understanding of immune
surveillance? Ans✓✓✓The shift occurred from the belief in immune
,surveillance to the immunoediting hypothesis due to evidence
suggesting tumor cells evade immune detection.
Who first suggested the importance of the immune system in preventing
cancer? Ans✓✓✓Paul Ehrlich in 1909 suggested that without the
immune system, individuals would likely contract cancer.
What did Lewis Thomas and Frank Macfarlane Burnet propose in the
1950s? Ans✓✓✓They proposed the concept of immunological
surveillance of cancer, emphasizing the need for mechanisms to
eliminate potentially dangerous mutant T-cells.
What did Stutman's 1974 findings indicate about immune competence
and cancer? Ans✓✓✓Stutman found that immune-competent mice had
similar susceptibility to cancer as immunodeficient mice, leading to the
abandonment of the immune surveillance theory.
What argument was made against the immune surveillance theory in
2005? Ans✓✓✓It was argued that immunogenic tumors evade immune
destruction by inducing T cell tolerance.
What are the three phases of immunoediting? Ans✓✓✓Elimination
Equilibrium
Escape
, What occurs during the elimination phase of immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓The innate and adaptive immune systems work together to
eliminate tumor cells before they become clinically apparent.
What are DAMPs in the context of cancer? Ans✓✓✓DAMPs are
damage- or danger-associated molecular patterns recognized by innate
immune cells to trigger immune responses against cancer cells.
What is the role of interferons in cancer elimination?
Ans✓✓✓Interferons are produced by innate immune cells in response to
DAMPs, aiding in the elimination of tumor cells.
What is neoplasia? Ans✓✓✓Neoplasia refers to abnormal and excessive
growth of cells and/or tissues.
What evidence supports the elimination phase of cancer immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓Evidence includes earlier onset of neoplasias in mice lacking
immune cell subsets and spontaneous regression of tumors.
What does the term 'tumor-sculpting' refer to in immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓'Tumor-sculpting' refers to the immune system's role in
selecting less immunogenic tumor cell variants that evade destruction.
What are the five steps in the immune-mediated cell death pathway?
Ans✓✓✓Recognition
Trafficking of secretory granules
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
What is the concept of immunoediting in cancer?
Ans✓✓✓Immunoediting describes how the immune system both
destroys cancer cells and acts as a selective pressure, driving cancer
evolution.
What is immune surveillance? Ans✓✓✓Immune surveillance is the
process by which the immune system continually surveys dividing cells
to ensure they are functioning normally and eliminates abnormal cells.
What evidence supports the immune surveillance theory?
Ans✓✓✓Patients with compromised immune systems, such as those
with AIDS, develop cancerous tumors more frequently than those with
fully functioning immune systems.
What role does the immune system play in tumor destruction?
Ans✓✓✓The immune system can cause regression of tumors by
recognizing tumor antigens through lymphocytes.
How can chronic inflammation affect cancer development?
Ans✓✓✓Chronic inflammation can promote malignancy and contribute
to tumor development.
What historical perspective shifted the understanding of immune
surveillance? Ans✓✓✓The shift occurred from the belief in immune
,surveillance to the immunoediting hypothesis due to evidence
suggesting tumor cells evade immune detection.
Who first suggested the importance of the immune system in preventing
cancer? Ans✓✓✓Paul Ehrlich in 1909 suggested that without the
immune system, individuals would likely contract cancer.
What did Lewis Thomas and Frank Macfarlane Burnet propose in the
1950s? Ans✓✓✓They proposed the concept of immunological
surveillance of cancer, emphasizing the need for mechanisms to
eliminate potentially dangerous mutant T-cells.
What did Stutman's 1974 findings indicate about immune competence
and cancer? Ans✓✓✓Stutman found that immune-competent mice had
similar susceptibility to cancer as immunodeficient mice, leading to the
abandonment of the immune surveillance theory.
What argument was made against the immune surveillance theory in
2005? Ans✓✓✓It was argued that immunogenic tumors evade immune
destruction by inducing T cell tolerance.
What are the three phases of immunoediting? Ans✓✓✓Elimination
Equilibrium
Escape
, What occurs during the elimination phase of immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓The innate and adaptive immune systems work together to
eliminate tumor cells before they become clinically apparent.
What are DAMPs in the context of cancer? Ans✓✓✓DAMPs are
damage- or danger-associated molecular patterns recognized by innate
immune cells to trigger immune responses against cancer cells.
What is the role of interferons in cancer elimination?
Ans✓✓✓Interferons are produced by innate immune cells in response to
DAMPs, aiding in the elimination of tumor cells.
What is neoplasia? Ans✓✓✓Neoplasia refers to abnormal and excessive
growth of cells and/or tissues.
What evidence supports the elimination phase of cancer immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓Evidence includes earlier onset of neoplasias in mice lacking
immune cell subsets and spontaneous regression of tumors.
What does the term 'tumor-sculpting' refer to in immunoediting?
Ans✓✓✓'Tumor-sculpting' refers to the immune system's role in
selecting less immunogenic tumor cell variants that evade destruction.
What are the five steps in the immune-mediated cell death pathway?
Ans✓✓✓Recognition
Trafficking of secretory granules
