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, General Systems Theory ANSWER >> "a system theory constitutes a way of explaining
a unit such as a family as it relates to and interacts with other systems....it explain how
each variable affects the whole and how the whole affects each part"
Concepts of the General Systems Theory ANSWER >> System: one unit in totality for
analysis; interdependency; the structure is the organization of the parts needed for
effective function and measurable outcomes.
Holism or Nonsummativity: the system is analyzed holistically and not in individual parts
Interconnectedness: the system is interconnected with the environment in which it exists
Social System: is a social organization with persons having interactions with defined
boundaries
Open System: all living systems must be interactive with the environment
Closed System: does not need interaction with the environment to survive
Hierarchy of Systems: each unit has a hierarchy that transcends from a higher-level to a
lower-level system; an identified system of study is called a target system of focal
system.
Boundaries: are lines of demarcation from systems, subsystems, and suprasystems;
these boundaries can be porous or flexible to allow more or less interaction between the
system and the environment.
Input: is received from the environment and affects survival; it is the source of output in
the system.
Output: occurs when a system monitors and processes its output.
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