Test Bank for Introduction to the U.S. Health Care
System (9th Edition) – Goldsteen, Goldsteen &
Goldsteen ISBN:9780826174024 |Chapter 1-13 | All
Chapter |Complete Guide
Academic Achiever Stuvia
1/38
,>MTableMofMContentsM>MIM- MU.S. MHealthMCareMSystem: MPresentMStateM>M2M- MTheMSettingsMfor MHealthMCareMDelivery
2
The Settings for Health Care Delivery
M M M M M
©MArtizans MEntertainmentMInc.MByMHarley Mschwadron.
LEARNINGMOBJECTIVES
AfterMcompletingMthisMchapter,MstudentsMwillMbeMableMto:
DifferentiateMamongMambulatoryMcare,MinpatientMacuteMcare,MandMpostacuteMcar
e.MIdentifyMtheMmajorMambulatoryMcareMsettingsMandMtheirMrelativeMsize.
ContrastMtheMkindsMofMhealthMproblemsMtreatedMinMhospitalsMtoMthoseMcaredMforMinMambulatoryMsettings.
MDescribeMtheMhistoryMofMhospitals M andMidentify MtheMcharacteristics MusedMtoMclassifyMthem Mtoday.
DescribeMtheMfiveMtypesMofMlong-termMcareMandMtheirMrolesMinMtheMhealthMcareMsystem.
INTRODUCTION
HealthMcareMisMdeliveredMinMaMvarietyMofMsettings,MwhichMareMgenerallyMdistinguishedMasMinpatientMorMambulatory.MInpatient MsettingsMincludeMgen
eral MandMspecialtyMshort-term Mhospitals;Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MsuchMasMnursingMhomesMandMskilledMnursingMfacilities;MandMothers.MAmbulatoryMsettingsMincludeMambulatoryMsurgeryMcenters
M(ASCs), Mmedical MgroupMpractices, P.34
communityMhealthMcentersM(CHCs),MdialysisMcenters,MurgentMcareMcenters,Mretail Mclinics,MimagingMcenters,MsleepMcenters,McatheterizationMlabs,Mva
scularMaccessMcenters,MandMtelemedicineMprovidersM(JointMCommission,M2018).MHealthMcareMprovidedMinMsettingsMthatMareMnotMprimarilyMmeantMf
orMhealthMcareMdelivery,MsuchMasMaMworkplaceMorMschool Mclinics,MisMalsoMconsideredMambulatory.MA MwideMrangeMofMhealthMcareMservicesMareMal
soMdeliveredMinMtheMhome,MwhichMisMusuallyMlessMexpensiveMandMmoreMconvenient MforMtheMpatientMthanM theMcareMprovidedMinMaMhospital MorMski
lledMnursingMfacilityM(CentersMforMMedicareM& MMedicaidMServicesM[CMS],M2020).MThisMchapterMfocusesMonMtheMsettingsMinMwhichMhealthMservices
MareMdeliveredMbyMhealthMprofessionals MinMdedicatedMfacilities MsuchMasMhospitals, Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MphysicianMoffices,Mclinics,MandMotherMfacilities,MasMdefinedMbyMtheMJointMCommission.
InMaMthemeMthatMwillMbeMrepeatedM throughout MthisMbook,MthereMareMnoMdefinitiveM(orMabsolute)MdefinitionsMforMmanyMelementsMofMtheMU.S.Mhealt
hMcareMsystem,MbutMratherManMinterconnectedMwebMofMdefinitionsMdevelopedMbyMstakeholdersMrangingMfrom MtheMfederal, Mstate,MandMlocal Mgovern
mentMagenciesMtoMtheMprivateMfor-
profitMandMnonprofit Msectors,MincludingMnongovernmental MorganizationsM(NGOs),Mindependent MaccreditingMorganizations, MandMhealthMcareMpayers.
MFor Mexample, MtheMCMS, MaMfederal Magency Mthat MadministersMtheMMedicareMprogram, MhasMaMspecific Mpayment Mmodel MforM“short-
term MacuteMhospitals”,MtheMbulkMofM whichMareMprivatelyMownedMandMlicensedMbyMeachMstateMandMaccreditedMbyMorganizations MsuchMasMtheM Join
tMCommission.
WhatMconstitutesMaMhospital—and,Mtherefore, MgetsMtheMblueM“H”MsignMalongMtheMroadMthatMguidesMthoseMinMneedMtoMsuchMaMfacility—
andMwhatMrequirementsMitMmustMmeetMvaryMfrom MstateMtoMstate.MForMexample,MinMNewMYork,MhospitalsMareMdefinedMandMregulatedMinMtheMPublic
MHealthMLaw MasMArticleM28Mfacilities,MwhileMCaliforniaMdefines Mhospitals MinMTitleM22,MDivisionM5,MinMitsMCodeMofMRegulations. MThus, MtheMrequire
mentsMforMbeingMaMhospital MandMwhatMservicesMcanMorMcannotMbeMperformedMinMaMhospital MdifferMbyMstate,MwithMsomeMcommonalityMdueMtoMpa
rticipationMinMfederal Mgovernment MprogramsMsuchMasMMedicareMandMMedicaidM(whichMwillMbeMdiscussedMfurtherMinMChapterM6,MFinancingMtheM He
althMCareMSystem).
AlthoughMtheMdetailsMandMtheMavailability MofMservicesMandMfacilitiesMdeviateMthroughout MtheMhealthMcareMsystem,MtheMsystem MisMrichMwithMdelivery
Msettings MandMtypesMofMproviders. MTheMCMS Mdefines M13Mdifferent MmajorMprovider MtypesM(thoseMwithMdistinct Mpayment MmodelsMorMrateMschedules
),MoverM50MdistinctM“placesMofMservice,”MoverM100Mprovider/supplier Mtypes,MandMoverM500MproviderMtaxonomiesM(CMS,M2019;MData.CMS.gov,M201
9).MOneMwayMtoMvisualizeMtheMarrayMofMsettingsMforMhealthMcareMisMdisplayedMinMFigureM2.1,MwhichMincludes:
Community-basedM care
Self-care
AmbulatoryMcare
HospitalsM(inpatientMacuteMcare)
PostacuteM care
Long-term Mcare:MadultMday Mcare,MhomeMhealthMcare,Mhospice,MskilledMnursingMfacilities,MandMresidential McareMfacilities
2/38
, AmbulatoryMrehabilitationMcenters
Long-term MacuteMcareMandMotherMspecialtyMhospitals
VerticalMandMHorizontalMIntegrationMinMHealthMCare
AnMimportantMdevelopment MinMtheMU.S.MhealthMcareMsystem MisMtheMvertical MandMhorizontal MintegrationMacrossMtheMspectrum MofMcare:Mcommunity-
basedMcare,MinpatientMacuteMcare,MandMpostacuteMcare.MTheMtrendMtowardMhorizontal MconsolidationMwasMnotedMwhenMhospitalsMbeganMtoMmerge
MinMtheM1990sM(Cuellar M& MGertler, M2003). MTheMintegratedMsystemsMthatMhaveMemerged
P.35
sinceMtheM2000sMareMbothMhorizontal MandMverticalMandMmayMcontainMmultipleMhospitals,Mclinics,Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MphysicianMpractices,MhomeMhealthMcareMorganizations, MandMhospices.MRevCycleMIntelligence, MaMtradeMpublication, MreportsMo
nMthisMtrendMasMfollows:
AsMvalue-
basedMreimbursement MputsMfinancialMpressureMonMproviders,MhealthMcareMorganizationsMareMstrivingMforMefficiency, McostMcon
trol,MandMsustainability. MAnMincreasinglyMpopularMstrategyMtoMfulfillMall MtheseMgoalsMisMtoMengageMinMhospital MmergerMandMa
cquisitionM(M&A)Mactivity.MHospital MmergersMandMacquisitionsMareMincreasingMatMaMrapidMrate.MHealthMcareMorganizationsMan
nouncedM115MmergerMandMacquisitionMtransactionsMinM2017,MtheMhighestMnumberMinMrecentMhistory.M2018MisMlikelyMtoMmeetM
orMevenMexceedMtheMnumberMofMhospital MmergerMandMacquisitionMdealsMmadeMinM2017,MhealthMcareMexpertsMpredict.MRece
ntMdataMfrom MconsultingMfirm MKaufmanMHall MshowsMthatMorganizations MalreadyMannouncedM50Mtransactions MinMtheMfirstMhalf
MofM2018. M(LaPointe, M2019). MSeeMFigureM2.2.
InMthisMchapter,MweMdiscussMeachMofMtheMsettingsMforMhealthMcareMdeliveryMinMtheMU.S.MhealthMsystem,MbeginningMwithMcommunity-
basedMcareMandMendingMwithMpostacuteMcare.
FIGUREM2.1MSettings MforMhealthMcareMdeliveryMinMtheMUnitedMStates.MSource:MTheMSg2MSystemMofMCARE™M(ClinicalMAlignmentMandM
ResourceMEffectiveness)MillustratesMtheMalignmentMofMhealthMservices MfromMtheMpatient's MperspectiveMacrossMtheMcareMcontinuum,M
andMoftenMacross Mgeographically MdispersedMsites MofMcare.M(One-
timeMpermissionMtoMreproduceMgrantedMbyMSg2,M2019/10/17).MRetrievedMfromMhttps://newsroom.vizientinc.com/vizient-
blog/clinical-performance/health-systems-find-large-opportunity-microhospitals
COMMUNITY-BASEDM CARE
Self-Care
AlthoughMtheMhospital MmayMbeMseenMasMtheMflagshipMofMtheMhealthMcareMsystem— P.36
itMisMtheMlargestMsingleMcategoryMofMNational MHealthMExpendituresMandMtheMsettingMforMmanyMtelevisionMshows—
theMvastMmajorityMofMpeopleMwill MnotMreceiveMinpatientMacuteMcareMinManyMgivenMyear.
OutsideMofMpeopleMwhoMareMunexpectedly Mincapacitated, MtheMfirstMhealthMcareMdecisionMpeopleMmakeMisM whetherMtoMaccessMtheMdeliveryMsyste
m,MatMall,MandManMestimatedM80%MtoM95%MofMhealthMproblemsMareMneverMbrought MforwardMtoMaMphysicianMorMotherwiseMinvolveMprofessional Mm
edical Mcare.MFrequently, MailmentsMperceivedMtoMbeMminorMareMeitherMaddressedMwithMaM“take-no-action,”M“wait-and-see,”MorMself-
medicationMapproach.MFevers,Mheadaches, MandMindigestionMareMamongMtheMmostMcommonMailmentsMtreatedMwithMnonprescriptionMorM“over-the-
counter”M(OTC)MmedicinesM(Dean,M1981). MLevinMandMIdlerM(1983)MprovideMaMconsensusMdefinitionMofMself-careMasMfollows:M“Self-
careM…MrefersMtoMthoseMactivitiesMindividualsMundertakeMinMpromotingM theirMownMhealth,MpreventingMtheirM ownMdisease, MlimitingMtheirMownMillnes
s,MandMrestoringMtheirMownMhealth.MTheseMactivitiesMareMundertakenMwithoutMprofessional Massistance,MalthoughMindividualsMareMinformedMbyMtech
nical MknowledgeMandMskillsMderivedMfrom MtheMpool MofMbothMprofessional MandMlayMexperienceM….MTheMgenericMattributeMofMself-
careMisMitsMnonprofessional, Mnonbureaucratic, Mnonindustrial Mcharacter”M(LevinM& MIdler,M1983,Mp.M181).MAfterMselfdiagnosisMandMpossiblyMadviceMf
rom MfriendsMandMfamily,ManMindividual MmayMdecideMtoMbecomeMaMpatientMandMenterMtheMhealthMcareMsystem.
FIGUREM2.2MHospitalMandMhealthMsystemMmerger MandMacquisitionMactivity,M2000MtoM2017.MSource:MDataMfromMKaufman,MHall,MandMAssociates
.M(2018).M2017MinMreview:MTheMyearMM&AMshookMtheMhealthcareMlandscape.MRetrievedMfromMhttps://www.kaufmanhall.com/sites/default/fil
es/legacy_files/kh_report-ma-year-in-review_d4-rebrand.pdf
AmbulatoryMCare
AmbulatoryMcareMrefersMtoMmedical MservicesMperformedMwithoutMadmissionMtoMaMhospital MorMotherMhealthMcareMfacilityMforManMovernightMstay.MAm
bulatoryMcareMisMprovidedMinMmanyMsettings, MbutMweMbeginMwithMaMbriefMdescriptionMofMthoseMwhereMmostMambulatoryMvisitsMareMprovided:Mphy
sicianMoffices,MemergencyMdepartmentsM(EDs),MandMhospital Moutpatient Mclinics.MInM2016,MtheseMvisitsMnumberedM883,725Mmillion,M145,591Mmillion,
Mand M125,721Mmillion, Mrespectively M (National MCenterMforMHealthMStatisticsM[NCHS], M2011;MRui, MKang, M& MAshman, M2016; MRui M& MOkeyode, M2016)
.MAfterward, MweMdescribeMsomeMsmallerMvolume,MestablishedMambulatoryMcareMsettings:
3/38
, PublicMhealthMclinics
4/38
System (9th Edition) – Goldsteen, Goldsteen &
Goldsteen ISBN:9780826174024 |Chapter 1-13 | All
Chapter |Complete Guide
Academic Achiever Stuvia
1/38
,>MTableMofMContentsM>MIM- MU.S. MHealthMCareMSystem: MPresentMStateM>M2M- MTheMSettingsMfor MHealthMCareMDelivery
2
The Settings for Health Care Delivery
M M M M M
©MArtizans MEntertainmentMInc.MByMHarley Mschwadron.
LEARNINGMOBJECTIVES
AfterMcompletingMthisMchapter,MstudentsMwillMbeMableMto:
DifferentiateMamongMambulatoryMcare,MinpatientMacuteMcare,MandMpostacuteMcar
e.MIdentifyMtheMmajorMambulatoryMcareMsettingsMandMtheirMrelativeMsize.
ContrastMtheMkindsMofMhealthMproblemsMtreatedMinMhospitalsMtoMthoseMcaredMforMinMambulatoryMsettings.
MDescribeMtheMhistoryMofMhospitals M andMidentify MtheMcharacteristics MusedMtoMclassifyMthem Mtoday.
DescribeMtheMfiveMtypesMofMlong-termMcareMandMtheirMrolesMinMtheMhealthMcareMsystem.
INTRODUCTION
HealthMcareMisMdeliveredMinMaMvarietyMofMsettings,MwhichMareMgenerallyMdistinguishedMasMinpatientMorMambulatory.MInpatient MsettingsMincludeMgen
eral MandMspecialtyMshort-term Mhospitals;Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MsuchMasMnursingMhomesMandMskilledMnursingMfacilities;MandMothers.MAmbulatoryMsettingsMincludeMambulatoryMsurgeryMcenters
M(ASCs), Mmedical MgroupMpractices, P.34
communityMhealthMcentersM(CHCs),MdialysisMcenters,MurgentMcareMcenters,Mretail Mclinics,MimagingMcenters,MsleepMcenters,McatheterizationMlabs,Mva
scularMaccessMcenters,MandMtelemedicineMprovidersM(JointMCommission,M2018).MHealthMcareMprovidedMinMsettingsMthatMareMnotMprimarilyMmeantMf
orMhealthMcareMdelivery,MsuchMasMaMworkplaceMorMschool Mclinics,MisMalsoMconsideredMambulatory.MA MwideMrangeMofMhealthMcareMservicesMareMal
soMdeliveredMinMtheMhome,MwhichMisMusuallyMlessMexpensiveMandMmoreMconvenient MforMtheMpatientMthanM theMcareMprovidedMinMaMhospital MorMski
lledMnursingMfacilityM(CentersMforMMedicareM& MMedicaidMServicesM[CMS],M2020).MThisMchapterMfocusesMonMtheMsettingsMinMwhichMhealthMservices
MareMdeliveredMbyMhealthMprofessionals MinMdedicatedMfacilities MsuchMasMhospitals, Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MphysicianMoffices,Mclinics,MandMotherMfacilities,MasMdefinedMbyMtheMJointMCommission.
InMaMthemeMthatMwillMbeMrepeatedM throughout MthisMbook,MthereMareMnoMdefinitiveM(orMabsolute)MdefinitionsMforMmanyMelementsMofMtheMU.S.Mhealt
hMcareMsystem,MbutMratherManMinterconnectedMwebMofMdefinitionsMdevelopedMbyMstakeholdersMrangingMfrom MtheMfederal, Mstate,MandMlocal Mgovern
mentMagenciesMtoMtheMprivateMfor-
profitMandMnonprofit Msectors,MincludingMnongovernmental MorganizationsM(NGOs),Mindependent MaccreditingMorganizations, MandMhealthMcareMpayers.
MFor Mexample, MtheMCMS, MaMfederal Magency Mthat MadministersMtheMMedicareMprogram, MhasMaMspecific Mpayment Mmodel MforM“short-
term MacuteMhospitals”,MtheMbulkMofM whichMareMprivatelyMownedMandMlicensedMbyMeachMstateMandMaccreditedMbyMorganizations MsuchMasMtheM Join
tMCommission.
WhatMconstitutesMaMhospital—and,Mtherefore, MgetsMtheMblueM“H”MsignMalongMtheMroadMthatMguidesMthoseMinMneedMtoMsuchMaMfacility—
andMwhatMrequirementsMitMmustMmeetMvaryMfrom MstateMtoMstate.MForMexample,MinMNewMYork,MhospitalsMareMdefinedMandMregulatedMinMtheMPublic
MHealthMLaw MasMArticleM28Mfacilities,MwhileMCaliforniaMdefines Mhospitals MinMTitleM22,MDivisionM5,MinMitsMCodeMofMRegulations. MThus, MtheMrequire
mentsMforMbeingMaMhospital MandMwhatMservicesMcanMorMcannotMbeMperformedMinMaMhospital MdifferMbyMstate,MwithMsomeMcommonalityMdueMtoMpa
rticipationMinMfederal Mgovernment MprogramsMsuchMasMMedicareMandMMedicaidM(whichMwillMbeMdiscussedMfurtherMinMChapterM6,MFinancingMtheM He
althMCareMSystem).
AlthoughMtheMdetailsMandMtheMavailability MofMservicesMandMfacilitiesMdeviateMthroughout MtheMhealthMcareMsystem,MtheMsystem MisMrichMwithMdelivery
Msettings MandMtypesMofMproviders. MTheMCMS Mdefines M13Mdifferent MmajorMprovider MtypesM(thoseMwithMdistinct Mpayment MmodelsMorMrateMschedules
),MoverM50MdistinctM“placesMofMservice,”MoverM100Mprovider/supplier Mtypes,MandMoverM500MproviderMtaxonomiesM(CMS,M2019;MData.CMS.gov,M201
9).MOneMwayMtoMvisualizeMtheMarrayMofMsettingsMforMhealthMcareMisMdisplayedMinMFigureM2.1,MwhichMincludes:
Community-basedM care
Self-care
AmbulatoryMcare
HospitalsM(inpatientMacuteMcare)
PostacuteM care
Long-term Mcare:MadultMday Mcare,MhomeMhealthMcare,Mhospice,MskilledMnursingMfacilities,MandMresidential McareMfacilities
2/38
, AmbulatoryMrehabilitationMcenters
Long-term MacuteMcareMandMotherMspecialtyMhospitals
VerticalMandMHorizontalMIntegrationMinMHealthMCare
AnMimportantMdevelopment MinMtheMU.S.MhealthMcareMsystem MisMtheMvertical MandMhorizontal MintegrationMacrossMtheMspectrum MofMcare:Mcommunity-
basedMcare,MinpatientMacuteMcare,MandMpostacuteMcare.MTheMtrendMtowardMhorizontal MconsolidationMwasMnotedMwhenMhospitalsMbeganMtoMmerge
MinMtheM1990sM(Cuellar M& MGertler, M2003). MTheMintegratedMsystemsMthatMhaveMemerged
P.35
sinceMtheM2000sMareMbothMhorizontal MandMverticalMandMmayMcontainMmultipleMhospitals,Mclinics,Mlong-
term McareMfacilities,MphysicianMpractices,MhomeMhealthMcareMorganizations, MandMhospices.MRevCycleMIntelligence, MaMtradeMpublication, MreportsMo
nMthisMtrendMasMfollows:
AsMvalue-
basedMreimbursement MputsMfinancialMpressureMonMproviders,MhealthMcareMorganizationsMareMstrivingMforMefficiency, McostMcon
trol,MandMsustainability. MAnMincreasinglyMpopularMstrategyMtoMfulfillMall MtheseMgoalsMisMtoMengageMinMhospital MmergerMandMa
cquisitionM(M&A)Mactivity.MHospital MmergersMandMacquisitionsMareMincreasingMatMaMrapidMrate.MHealthMcareMorganizationsMan
nouncedM115MmergerMandMacquisitionMtransactionsMinM2017,MtheMhighestMnumberMinMrecentMhistory.M2018MisMlikelyMtoMmeetM
orMevenMexceedMtheMnumberMofMhospital MmergerMandMacquisitionMdealsMmadeMinM2017,MhealthMcareMexpertsMpredict.MRece
ntMdataMfrom MconsultingMfirm MKaufmanMHall MshowsMthatMorganizations MalreadyMannouncedM50Mtransactions MinMtheMfirstMhalf
MofM2018. M(LaPointe, M2019). MSeeMFigureM2.2.
InMthisMchapter,MweMdiscussMeachMofMtheMsettingsMforMhealthMcareMdeliveryMinMtheMU.S.MhealthMsystem,MbeginningMwithMcommunity-
basedMcareMandMendingMwithMpostacuteMcare.
FIGUREM2.1MSettings MforMhealthMcareMdeliveryMinMtheMUnitedMStates.MSource:MTheMSg2MSystemMofMCARE™M(ClinicalMAlignmentMandM
ResourceMEffectiveness)MillustratesMtheMalignmentMofMhealthMservices MfromMtheMpatient's MperspectiveMacrossMtheMcareMcontinuum,M
andMoftenMacross Mgeographically MdispersedMsites MofMcare.M(One-
timeMpermissionMtoMreproduceMgrantedMbyMSg2,M2019/10/17).MRetrievedMfromMhttps://newsroom.vizientinc.com/vizient-
blog/clinical-performance/health-systems-find-large-opportunity-microhospitals
COMMUNITY-BASEDM CARE
Self-Care
AlthoughMtheMhospital MmayMbeMseenMasMtheMflagshipMofMtheMhealthMcareMsystem— P.36
itMisMtheMlargestMsingleMcategoryMofMNational MHealthMExpendituresMandMtheMsettingMforMmanyMtelevisionMshows—
theMvastMmajorityMofMpeopleMwill MnotMreceiveMinpatientMacuteMcareMinManyMgivenMyear.
OutsideMofMpeopleMwhoMareMunexpectedly Mincapacitated, MtheMfirstMhealthMcareMdecisionMpeopleMmakeMisM whetherMtoMaccessMtheMdeliveryMsyste
m,MatMall,MandManMestimatedM80%MtoM95%MofMhealthMproblemsMareMneverMbrought MforwardMtoMaMphysicianMorMotherwiseMinvolveMprofessional Mm
edical Mcare.MFrequently, MailmentsMperceivedMtoMbeMminorMareMeitherMaddressedMwithMaM“take-no-action,”M“wait-and-see,”MorMself-
medicationMapproach.MFevers,Mheadaches, MandMindigestionMareMamongMtheMmostMcommonMailmentsMtreatedMwithMnonprescriptionMorM“over-the-
counter”M(OTC)MmedicinesM(Dean,M1981). MLevinMandMIdlerM(1983)MprovideMaMconsensusMdefinitionMofMself-careMasMfollows:M“Self-
careM…MrefersMtoMthoseMactivitiesMindividualsMundertakeMinMpromotingM theirMownMhealth,MpreventingMtheirM ownMdisease, MlimitingMtheirMownMillnes
s,MandMrestoringMtheirMownMhealth.MTheseMactivitiesMareMundertakenMwithoutMprofessional Massistance,MalthoughMindividualsMareMinformedMbyMtech
nical MknowledgeMandMskillsMderivedMfrom MtheMpool MofMbothMprofessional MandMlayMexperienceM….MTheMgenericMattributeMofMself-
careMisMitsMnonprofessional, Mnonbureaucratic, Mnonindustrial Mcharacter”M(LevinM& MIdler,M1983,Mp.M181).MAfterMselfdiagnosisMandMpossiblyMadviceMf
rom MfriendsMandMfamily,ManMindividual MmayMdecideMtoMbecomeMaMpatientMandMenterMtheMhealthMcareMsystem.
FIGUREM2.2MHospitalMandMhealthMsystemMmerger MandMacquisitionMactivity,M2000MtoM2017.MSource:MDataMfromMKaufman,MHall,MandMAssociates
.M(2018).M2017MinMreview:MTheMyearMM&AMshookMtheMhealthcareMlandscape.MRetrievedMfromMhttps://www.kaufmanhall.com/sites/default/fil
es/legacy_files/kh_report-ma-year-in-review_d4-rebrand.pdf
AmbulatoryMCare
AmbulatoryMcareMrefersMtoMmedical MservicesMperformedMwithoutMadmissionMtoMaMhospital MorMotherMhealthMcareMfacilityMforManMovernightMstay.MAm
bulatoryMcareMisMprovidedMinMmanyMsettings, MbutMweMbeginMwithMaMbriefMdescriptionMofMthoseMwhereMmostMambulatoryMvisitsMareMprovided:Mphy
sicianMoffices,MemergencyMdepartmentsM(EDs),MandMhospital Moutpatient Mclinics.MInM2016,MtheseMvisitsMnumberedM883,725Mmillion,M145,591Mmillion,
Mand M125,721Mmillion, Mrespectively M (National MCenterMforMHealthMStatisticsM[NCHS], M2011;MRui, MKang, M& MAshman, M2016; MRui M& MOkeyode, M2016)
.MAfterward, MweMdescribeMsomeMsmallerMvolume,MestablishedMambulatoryMcareMsettings:
3/38
, PublicMhealthMclinics
4/38
