NUR 103 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS,
UPDATED 2026, GUARANTEED
SUCCESSFUL OUTCOMES
Advance Directives at End of Life — ✔✔
Legal documents that let individuals express their preferences for medical care if
they cannot communicate. Includes living will, durable power of attorney for
health care, and DNR orders.
Age-Related Changes in Drug Metabolism — ✔✔
Decreased gastric acid and slowed absorption
Reduced hepatic and renal blood flow
Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
These changes can prolong drug effects and increase the risk of toxicity.
Cardiac Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Decreased cardiac output
Stiffened blood vessels
Slower stress response
Respiratory Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Reduced lung elasticity
Fewer alveoli
Decreased respiratory muscle strength
Diminished gas exchange capacity
, Assessing fluid status with heart failure -ANSWER ✔✔Assess daily weight, intake
and output, peripheral edema, lung sounds for crackles, jugular vein distension,
and monitor for shortness of breath.
Fluid retention indicator -ANSWER ✔✔A 3-lb weight gain in 48 hours or
new/worsening edema indicates fluid retention.
Assessment of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Assess onset, location, duration,
intensity, quality, radiation, and relieving/aggravating factors.
Associated symptoms of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea,
fatigue, or confusion (especially in older adults).
Distinguishing angina from MI -ANSWER ✔✔Angina is relieved by rest or nitro;
MI has persistent pain, not relieved by rest.
COPD diet -ANSWER ✔✔Encourage six small, nutrient-dense meals daily. Avoid
high-fiber and gas-forming foods.
Fluid management during meals for COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Avoid fluids right
before or during meals to prevent bloating.
Effects of COPD on the body -ANSWER ✔✔Causes chronic airflow limitation
and air trapping, leading to dyspnea, chronic cough, fatigue, weight loss, and
hypoxemia.
Common signs of COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Barrel chest, use of accessory muscles,
and clubbing of fingers common.
ANSWERS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS,
UPDATED 2026, GUARANTEED
SUCCESSFUL OUTCOMES
Advance Directives at End of Life — ✔✔
Legal documents that let individuals express their preferences for medical care if
they cannot communicate. Includes living will, durable power of attorney for
health care, and DNR orders.
Age-Related Changes in Drug Metabolism — ✔✔
Decreased gastric acid and slowed absorption
Reduced hepatic and renal blood flow
Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
These changes can prolong drug effects and increase the risk of toxicity.
Cardiac Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Decreased cardiac output
Stiffened blood vessels
Slower stress response
Respiratory Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Reduced lung elasticity
Fewer alveoli
Decreased respiratory muscle strength
Diminished gas exchange capacity
, Assessing fluid status with heart failure -ANSWER ✔✔Assess daily weight, intake
and output, peripheral edema, lung sounds for crackles, jugular vein distension,
and monitor for shortness of breath.
Fluid retention indicator -ANSWER ✔✔A 3-lb weight gain in 48 hours or
new/worsening edema indicates fluid retention.
Assessment of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Assess onset, location, duration,
intensity, quality, radiation, and relieving/aggravating factors.
Associated symptoms of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea,
fatigue, or confusion (especially in older adults).
Distinguishing angina from MI -ANSWER ✔✔Angina is relieved by rest or nitro;
MI has persistent pain, not relieved by rest.
COPD diet -ANSWER ✔✔Encourage six small, nutrient-dense meals daily. Avoid
high-fiber and gas-forming foods.
Fluid management during meals for COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Avoid fluids right
before or during meals to prevent bloating.
Effects of COPD on the body -ANSWER ✔✔Causes chronic airflow limitation
and air trapping, leading to dyspnea, chronic cough, fatigue, weight loss, and
hypoxemia.
Common signs of COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Barrel chest, use of accessory muscles,
and clubbing of fingers common.
