Pathophysiology – Davis Advantage 3rd Edition | Complete Test Bank with Correct Answers | Capriotti | Introductory Concepts & Clinical Perspectives

Pathophysiology – Davis Advantage 3rd Edition |
Complete Test Bank with Correct Answers |
Capriotti | Introductory Concepts & Clinical
Perspectives

,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choice
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Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
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compartment. g




4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
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potassium ions. g b-g




2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created
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in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid b-g b-g b-g




2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A b-g b-g b-g




4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




1. 2 b - g b - g




2. 3 b - g b - g




3. 34 b - g b - g




4. 53 b - g b - g




4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids b-g




4. Deoxyribonucleic acids b-g




5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress b-g b-g b-g




2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




3. During a severe hypoxic state b-g b-g b-g b-g




4. During the processing of prohormone b-g b-g b-g b-g




7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments

, 3. Secretory vesicles b-g




4. Endoplasmic reticula b-g




b - g b - g 8. b - g Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin b-g b-g




2. Prohormone and tubulin b-g b-g




3. Tubulin and actin b-g b-g




4. Myosin and prohormone b-g b-g




b - g b - g 9. b - g Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes b-g




b - g 10. b - g Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside b-g b-g




2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis b-g b-g b-g b-g




3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity b-g b-g b-g b-g




4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




b - g 11. b - g Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
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2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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b - g 12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to
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be involved?
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1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




b - g 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
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component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
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transferred?
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1. Transfer RNA b-g




2. Ribosomal RNA b-g




3. Double helix of DNA b-g b-g b-g




4. Mitochondrial DNA b-g




b - g 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long,
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steep climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellular hypoxia b-g




2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema b-g

, b - g 15. b - g Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
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1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
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2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
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3. The presence of nucleotides
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4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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b - g 16. b - g How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
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1. 2
b - g b - g




2. 3
b - g b - g




3. 4
b - g b - g




4. 5
b - g b - g




b - g 17. b - g Which components form the structure of DNA?
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1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids b-g




3. Fatty acids b-g




4. Phosphates
b - g 18. b - g Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
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1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell b-g b-g b-g b-g




2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
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3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
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4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g b-g




b - g 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is
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g the mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
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2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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b - g 20. b -Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
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1. In the ribosomes b-g b-g




2. In the Golgi apparatus b-g b-g b-g




3. In the secretory granules b-g b-g b-g




4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
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b - g 21. b -Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus b-g




4. Endoplasmic reticulum b-g




Multiple Response b-g




Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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b - g 22. b - g Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
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