NUR 103 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS, UPDATED 2026, GRADED
A+, FULL SOLUTIONS INCLUDED,
SUCCESS GUARANTEED
Advance Directives at End of Life — ✔✔
Legal documents that allow individuals to express their preferences for medical
care if they become unable to communicate. Includes living will, durable power
of attorney for health care, and DNR orders.
Age-Related Changes in Drug Metabolism — ✔✔
Decreased gastric acid → slower drug dissolution
Slowed absorption → delayed onset
Reduced hepatic and renal blood flow → slower metabolism and excretion
Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) → prolonged drug effects,
increased risk of toxicity
Cardiac Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Decreased cardiac output
Stiffened blood vessels → increased afterload
Slower response to stress and exercise
Respiratory Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Reduced elasticity of lungs
Fewer alveoli → decreased surface area for gas exchange
Decreased respiratory muscle strength
Diminished gas exchange capacity
, Assessing Fluid Status in Heart Failure — ✔✔
Daily weights (most reliable indicator of fluid retention)
Monitor intake and output
Check for peripheral edema
Assess lung sounds for crackles
Observe for jugular vein distension (JVD)
Monitor for shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion
Fluid retention indicator -ANSWER ✔✔A 3-lb weight gain in 48 hours or
new/worsening edema indicates fluid retention.
Assessment of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Assess onset, location, duration,
intensity, quality, radiation, and relieving/aggravating factors.
Associated symptoms of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea,
fatigue, or confusion (especially in older adults).
Distinguishing angina from MI -ANSWER ✔✔Angina is relieved by rest or nitro;
MI has persistent pain, not relieved by rest.
COPD diet -ANSWER ✔✔Encourage six small, nutrient-dense meals daily. Avoid
high-fiber and gas-forming foods.
Fluid management during meals for COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Avoid fluids right
before or during meals to prevent bloating.
ANSWERS, UPDATED 2026, GRADED
A+, FULL SOLUTIONS INCLUDED,
SUCCESS GUARANTEED
Advance Directives at End of Life — ✔✔
Legal documents that allow individuals to express their preferences for medical
care if they become unable to communicate. Includes living will, durable power
of attorney for health care, and DNR orders.
Age-Related Changes in Drug Metabolism — ✔✔
Decreased gastric acid → slower drug dissolution
Slowed absorption → delayed onset
Reduced hepatic and renal blood flow → slower metabolism and excretion
Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) → prolonged drug effects,
increased risk of toxicity
Cardiac Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Decreased cardiac output
Stiffened blood vessels → increased afterload
Slower response to stress and exercise
Respiratory Changes with Aging — ✔✔
Reduced elasticity of lungs
Fewer alveoli → decreased surface area for gas exchange
Decreased respiratory muscle strength
Diminished gas exchange capacity
, Assessing Fluid Status in Heart Failure — ✔✔
Daily weights (most reliable indicator of fluid retention)
Monitor intake and output
Check for peripheral edema
Assess lung sounds for crackles
Observe for jugular vein distension (JVD)
Monitor for shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion
Fluid retention indicator -ANSWER ✔✔A 3-lb weight gain in 48 hours or
new/worsening edema indicates fluid retention.
Assessment of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Assess onset, location, duration,
intensity, quality, radiation, and relieving/aggravating factors.
Associated symptoms of chest pain -ANSWER ✔✔Nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea,
fatigue, or confusion (especially in older adults).
Distinguishing angina from MI -ANSWER ✔✔Angina is relieved by rest or nitro;
MI has persistent pain, not relieved by rest.
COPD diet -ANSWER ✔✔Encourage six small, nutrient-dense meals daily. Avoid
high-fiber and gas-forming foods.
Fluid management during meals for COPD -ANSWER ✔✔Avoid fluids right
before or during meals to prevent bloating.
