RNSG 6435 PEDS UPDATED SCRIPT 2026
PRACTICE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
● S1 Heart Sound Indicates:. Answer: • Closure of mitral + tricuspid
valves
• Low frequency (lub) sound
• Heard best at 4th/5th intercostal space
● S2 Heart Sound Indicates:. Answer: • Closure of aortic + pulmonary
valves
• High frequency (dub) sound
• Heard best at 2nd/3rd intercostal space
● What are risk factors for cardiac disease/dysfunction?. Answer: •
Obesity
• Genetics
• Infections
• In pregnancy: maternal infection, alcohol/substance abuse, DM
● When discussing cardiovascular disease(s), what risk factor can we
absolutely not change?. Answer: • Genetics
, ● What are the OBSTRUCTIVE congenital heart defects?. Answer: •
Coarctation of the aorta
• Aortic stenosis
• Pulmonary stenosis
• Pulmonary atresia
● What are the CYANOTIC congenital heart defects?. Answer: •
Transportation of great vessels
• Truncus arteriosus
• Tricuspid atresia
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Total anomalous pulmonary vascular return
● What are SEPTAL congenital heart defects?. Answer: • ASD - Atrial
septal defect
• VSD - Ventricular septal defect
● what is a septal congenital health defect?. Answer: •Abnormal
connection through the septa/great vessels; increased blood volume on
the right side of the heart with increased pulmonary blood flow and
decreased systemic blood flow.
● Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) definition?. Answer: •Fails to close,
decreased pulmonary blood flow.
PRACTICE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
● S1 Heart Sound Indicates:. Answer: • Closure of mitral + tricuspid
valves
• Low frequency (lub) sound
• Heard best at 4th/5th intercostal space
● S2 Heart Sound Indicates:. Answer: • Closure of aortic + pulmonary
valves
• High frequency (dub) sound
• Heard best at 2nd/3rd intercostal space
● What are risk factors for cardiac disease/dysfunction?. Answer: •
Obesity
• Genetics
• Infections
• In pregnancy: maternal infection, alcohol/substance abuse, DM
● When discussing cardiovascular disease(s), what risk factor can we
absolutely not change?. Answer: • Genetics
, ● What are the OBSTRUCTIVE congenital heart defects?. Answer: •
Coarctation of the aorta
• Aortic stenosis
• Pulmonary stenosis
• Pulmonary atresia
● What are the CYANOTIC congenital heart defects?. Answer: •
Transportation of great vessels
• Truncus arteriosus
• Tricuspid atresia
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Total anomalous pulmonary vascular return
● What are SEPTAL congenital heart defects?. Answer: • ASD - Atrial
septal defect
• VSD - Ventricular septal defect
● what is a septal congenital health defect?. Answer: •Abnormal
connection through the septa/great vessels; increased blood volume on
the right side of the heart with increased pulmonary blood flow and
decreased systemic blood flow.
● Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) definition?. Answer: •Fails to close,
decreased pulmonary blood flow.
