PEDIATRIC FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WhichA2healthA2promotionA2measureA2doesA2theA2nurseA2teachA2asA2beingA2mostA2import
antA2forA2theA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2disease?
A.A2AdequateA2nutrition
B.A2EnsuredA2restA2periods
C.A2PlentyA2ofA2fluids
D.A2RoutineA2vaccinationsA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2D
AllA2optionsA2areA2appropriateA2forA2theA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2disease;A2however,A2va
ccinationsA2areA2vitalA2toA2preventA2sepsisA2andA2deathA2fromA2preventableA2diseases.
AA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2diseaseA2isA2receivingA2hypertransfusionA2therapy,A2andA2theA
2currentA2serumA2ferritinA2levelA2isA21,035A2g/
L.A2WhatA2medicationA2doesA2theA2nurseA2prepareA2toA2administer?
A2A.A2DeferoxamineA2(Desferal)
B.A2ElementalA2iron
C.A2FurosemideA2(Lasix)
D.A2MorphineA2sulfateA2(Duramorph)A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
AA2complicationA2ofA2hypertransfusionA2isA2ironA2overload,A2diagnosedA2withA2aA2serumA2f
erritinA2levelA2ofA2greaterA2thanA21,000A2g/
L.A2TheA2treatmentA2isA2chelationA2therapyA2withA2anA2agentA2suchA2asA2deferoxamine.A2Ir
onA2wouldA2beA2contraindicated.A2LasixA2isA2givenA2forA2fluidA2overload.A2MorphineA2isA2gi
venA2forA2pain.
TheA2parentsA2ofA2anA28-year-
oldA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2anemiaA2callA2theA2clinicA2toA2reportA2thatA2theA2childA2devel
opedA2chestA2painA2afterA2playingA2soccer.A2WhatA2adviceA2fromA2theA2nurseA2isA2mostA2a
ppropriate?A.A2GoA2toA2theA2nearestA2emergencyA2department.
B.A2HaveA2himA2restA2andA2takeA2TylenolA2(acetaminophen).
A2C.A2IfA2heA2doesntA2improve,A2bringA2himA2inA2toA2theA2clinic.
A2D.A2TryA2aA2warmA2packA2onA2hisA2chestA2forA210A2minutes.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
InA2sickleA2cellA2disease,A2theA2abnormallyA2shapedA2RBCsA2areA2stickyA2andA2adhereA2to
A2theA2bloodA2vesselA2walls,A2creatingA2obstructionsA2toA2circulation.A2ThisA2createsA2theA2
potentialA2forA2tissueA2ischemiaA2andA2death.A2TheA2childA2couldA2beA2havingA2aA2heartA2a
ttackA2andA2needsA2immediateA2evaluation.
AA2childA2presentsA2toA2theA2emergencyA2departmentA2withA2sickleA2cellA2crisis.A2WhichA2i
nterventionA2doesA2theA2nurseA2performA2first?
A.A2AdministerA2oxygen
.B.A2AssessA2andA2treatA2pain.
C.A2ProvideA2warmA2blankets.
A2D.A2StartA2IVA2fluids.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
,AllA2interventionsA2areA2appropriateA2forA2thisA2child.A2However,A2airwayA2andA2breathingA
2comeA2first,A2soA2theA2nurseA2administersA2oxygenA2thenA2startsA2anA2IV.
AA2childA2hasA2mildA2anemia.A2ParentsA2learnA2toA2assessA2forA2signsA2ofA2worseningA2an
emia,A2includingA2whichA2ofA2theA2following?
A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)A.A2DecreasedA2activity
B.A2Irritability
C.A2Listlessness
D.A2PaleA2skin
E.A2RapidA2heartA2rateA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2C,A2E
SignsA2ofA2moderateA2anemiaA2includeA2decreasedA2activity,A2irritabilityA2orA2listlessness,
A2tachycardia,A2systolicA2heartA2murmur,A2irritability,A2fatigue,A2delayedA2motorA2developm
ent,A2hepatomegaly,A2andA2congestiveA2heartA2failure.A2PaleA2skinA2canA2beA2seenA2inA2b
othA2mildA2andA2moderateA2anemia.
AA2studentA2isA2learningA2aboutA2theA2processA2ofA2hematopoiesisA2andA2howA2itA2isA2affe
ctedA2byA2leukemia.A2WhichA2informationA2doesA2theA2studentA2discover?
A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2BlastA2cellsA2multiplyA2fasterA2thanA2matureA2cells.
B.A2LeukemiaA2disruptsA2normalA2hematopoiesis.
C.A2LymphoidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2BA2andA2TA2cells
.D.A2MyeloidA2cellsA2crowdA2outA2normalA2cellsA2inA2boneA2marrow.
E.A2PancytopeniaA2occursA2fromA2proliferationA2ofA2mastA2cells.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2C
Blast,A2orA2immature,A2cellsA2haveA2anA2increasedA2rateA2ofA2proliferationA2andA2multiplyA2
atA2theA2expenseA2ofA2normalA2cells.A2LeukemiaA2doesA2disruptA2normalA2hematopoiesisA
2(productionA2andA2developmentA2ofA2bloodA2cells).A2LymphoidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2
BA2andA2TA2cells.A2MyeloidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2redA2bloodA2cells,A2monocytes,A2gra
nulocytes,A2andA2platelets;A2theyA2doA2notA2reproduceA2andA2crowdA2outA2normalA2cellsA2i
nA2theA2marrow.A2PancytopeniaA2occursA2whenA2largeA2numbersA2ofA2blastA2cellsA2reprod
uceA2andA2crowdA2outA2normalA2marrowA2components.
AA2nurseA2isA2caringA2forA2severalA2patientsA2withA2acuteA2lymphocyticA2leukemiaA2(ALL).A
2WhichA2childrenA2doesA2theA2nurseA2understandA2haveA2theA2bestA2prognosis?
A.A2Infant
B.A2<A210A2yearsA2ofA2age
C.A2>A225%A2abnormalA2cellsA2inA2boneA2marrowA2aspirateA2
D.A2WhiteA2countA24,200/mm3
E.A2WhiteA2countA225,000/mm3A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2B,A2D
TheA2bestA2prognosisA2forA2ALLA2occursA2inA2childrenA22A2toA29A2yearsA2ofA2ageA2andA2inA2
childrenA2whoseA2initialA2whiteA2bloodA2cellA2countA2isA2<A25,000/
mm3.A2ChildrenA210A2andA2olderA2andA2whoseA2initialA2whiteA2bloodA2cellA2countsA2areA2?
=A250,000/mm3A2haveA2worseA2prognoses.A2InfantsA2haveA2aA2veryA2poorA2prognosis.
AA2childA2hasA2beenA2admittedA2withA2aA2paraspinalA2EwingsA2sarcoma.A2TheA2nursingA2i
nstructorA2questionsA2theA2studentA2aboutA2assessingA2forA2signsA2ofA2spinalA2cordA2comp
ression.A2WhichA2manifestationsA2doesA2thisA2include?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
, A.A2BurningA2painA2downA2theA2legs
B.A2DifficultyA2withA2swallowing
A2C.A2FootA2drop,A2causingA2aA2limp
A2D.A2RespiratoryA2depression
E.A2WeaknessA2inA2theA2handsA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C,A2E
CommonA2manifestationsA2ofA2spinalA2cordA2compressionA2includeA2burningA2pain,A2often
A2downA2theA2legs;A2footA2dropA2causingA2difficultyA2withA2ambulation;A2andA2weaknessA2i
nA2theA2hands.A2OtherA2manifestationsA2includeA2numbness,A2cramping,A2andA2lossA2ofA2s
ensationA2inA2theA2feet,A2andA2sexualA2dysfunctionA2inA2theA2olderA2patient.A2SwallowingA2
problemsA2andA2respiratoryA2depressionA2areA2notA2related.
TheA2nurseA2isA2teachingA2parentsA2aboutA2theA2importanceA2ofA2goodA2nutritionA2forA2thei
rA2childA2whoA2hasA2cancer.A2WhichA2componentsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2includeA2asA2import
antA2forA2thisA2childsA2diet?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2HighA2calories
B.A2HighA2carbohydrates
A2C.A2HighA2vitamins
D.A2LowA2minerals
E.A2LowA2proteinA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C
TheA2childA2withA2cancerA2needsA2optimalA2nutrition,A2includingA2aA2dietA2highA2inA2calorie
s,A2fattyA2acids,A2vitamins,A2protein,A2andA2minerals.
AA2nurseA2isA2explainingA2radiationA2sideA2effectsA2toA2theA2parentsA2ofA2aA2childA2forA2wh
omA2itA2hasA2beenA2ordered.A2WhichA2sideA2effectsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2includeA2inA2theA2e
xplanation?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2HairA2loss
B.A2Leukocytosis
C.A2Nausea
D.A2Polycythemia
E.A2SkinA2desquamationA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C,A2E
CommonA2sideA2effectsA2ofA2radiationA2includeA2nausea,A2alopeciaA2(hairA2loss),A2fatigueA
2andA2malaise,A2lowA2WBC,A2skinA2desquamation,A2andA2mucousA2membraneA2inflammat
ionA2andA2irritation.A2LeukocytosisA2(highA2WBCA2count)A2andA2polycythemiaA2(increasedA
2RBCA2count)A2areA2notA2seen
TheA2staffA2nurseA2isA2educatingA2nursingA2studentsA2onA2theA2long-
termA2effectsA2ofA2childhoodA2chemotherapy.A2WhichA2problemsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2inclu
deA2inA2theA2educationalA2session?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2CardiacA2dysfunction
B.A2HearingA2loss
C.A2IncreasedA2riskA2ofA2multiple-gestationA2pregnancies
D.A2LearningA2disabilitiesE.A2PeripheralA2neuropathyA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2D,A2E
TheA2listA2ofA2long-
termA2effectsA2ofA2chemotherapyA2isA2lengthyA2andA2includesA2cardiacA2dysfunction,A2hea
ringA2loss,A2learningA2disabilities,A2andA2peripheralA2neuropathy,A2amongA2others.A2Sterilit
y,A2notA2anA2increasedA2riskA2forA2multiple-gestationA2pregnancies,A2isA2alsoA2anA2effect.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WhichA2healthA2promotionA2measureA2doesA2theA2nurseA2teachA2asA2beingA2mostA2import
antA2forA2theA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2disease?
A.A2AdequateA2nutrition
B.A2EnsuredA2restA2periods
C.A2PlentyA2ofA2fluids
D.A2RoutineA2vaccinationsA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2D
AllA2optionsA2areA2appropriateA2forA2theA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2disease;A2however,A2va
ccinationsA2areA2vitalA2toA2preventA2sepsisA2andA2deathA2fromA2preventableA2diseases.
AA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2diseaseA2isA2receivingA2hypertransfusionA2therapy,A2andA2theA
2currentA2serumA2ferritinA2levelA2isA21,035A2g/
L.A2WhatA2medicationA2doesA2theA2nurseA2prepareA2toA2administer?
A2A.A2DeferoxamineA2(Desferal)
B.A2ElementalA2iron
C.A2FurosemideA2(Lasix)
D.A2MorphineA2sulfateA2(Duramorph)A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
AA2complicationA2ofA2hypertransfusionA2isA2ironA2overload,A2diagnosedA2withA2aA2serumA2f
erritinA2levelA2ofA2greaterA2thanA21,000A2g/
L.A2TheA2treatmentA2isA2chelationA2therapyA2withA2anA2agentA2suchA2asA2deferoxamine.A2Ir
onA2wouldA2beA2contraindicated.A2LasixA2isA2givenA2forA2fluidA2overload.A2MorphineA2isA2gi
venA2forA2pain.
TheA2parentsA2ofA2anA28-year-
oldA2childA2withA2sickleA2cellA2anemiaA2callA2theA2clinicA2toA2reportA2thatA2theA2childA2devel
opedA2chestA2painA2afterA2playingA2soccer.A2WhatA2adviceA2fromA2theA2nurseA2isA2mostA2a
ppropriate?A.A2GoA2toA2theA2nearestA2emergencyA2department.
B.A2HaveA2himA2restA2andA2takeA2TylenolA2(acetaminophen).
A2C.A2IfA2heA2doesntA2improve,A2bringA2himA2inA2toA2theA2clinic.
A2D.A2TryA2aA2warmA2packA2onA2hisA2chestA2forA210A2minutes.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
InA2sickleA2cellA2disease,A2theA2abnormallyA2shapedA2RBCsA2areA2stickyA2andA2adhereA2to
A2theA2bloodA2vesselA2walls,A2creatingA2obstructionsA2toA2circulation.A2ThisA2createsA2theA2
potentialA2forA2tissueA2ischemiaA2andA2death.A2TheA2childA2couldA2beA2havingA2aA2heartA2a
ttackA2andA2needsA2immediateA2evaluation.
AA2childA2presentsA2toA2theA2emergencyA2departmentA2withA2sickleA2cellA2crisis.A2WhichA2i
nterventionA2doesA2theA2nurseA2performA2first?
A.A2AdministerA2oxygen
.B.A2AssessA2andA2treatA2pain.
C.A2ProvideA2warmA2blankets.
A2D.A2StartA2IVA2fluids.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A
,AllA2interventionsA2areA2appropriateA2forA2thisA2child.A2However,A2airwayA2andA2breathingA
2comeA2first,A2soA2theA2nurseA2administersA2oxygenA2thenA2startsA2anA2IV.
AA2childA2hasA2mildA2anemia.A2ParentsA2learnA2toA2assessA2forA2signsA2ofA2worseningA2an
emia,A2includingA2whichA2ofA2theA2following?
A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)A.A2DecreasedA2activity
B.A2Irritability
C.A2Listlessness
D.A2PaleA2skin
E.A2RapidA2heartA2rateA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2C,A2E
SignsA2ofA2moderateA2anemiaA2includeA2decreasedA2activity,A2irritabilityA2orA2listlessness,
A2tachycardia,A2systolicA2heartA2murmur,A2irritability,A2fatigue,A2delayedA2motorA2developm
ent,A2hepatomegaly,A2andA2congestiveA2heartA2failure.A2PaleA2skinA2canA2beA2seenA2inA2b
othA2mildA2andA2moderateA2anemia.
AA2studentA2isA2learningA2aboutA2theA2processA2ofA2hematopoiesisA2andA2howA2itA2isA2affe
ctedA2byA2leukemia.A2WhichA2informationA2doesA2theA2studentA2discover?
A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2BlastA2cellsA2multiplyA2fasterA2thanA2matureA2cells.
B.A2LeukemiaA2disruptsA2normalA2hematopoiesis.
C.A2LymphoidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2BA2andA2TA2cells
.D.A2MyeloidA2cellsA2crowdA2outA2normalA2cellsA2inA2boneA2marrow.
E.A2PancytopeniaA2occursA2fromA2proliferationA2ofA2mastA2cells.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2C
Blast,A2orA2immature,A2cellsA2haveA2anA2increasedA2rateA2ofA2proliferationA2andA2multiplyA2
atA2theA2expenseA2ofA2normalA2cells.A2LeukemiaA2doesA2disruptA2normalA2hematopoiesisA
2(productionA2andA2developmentA2ofA2bloodA2cells).A2LymphoidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2
BA2andA2TA2cells.A2MyeloidA2cellsA2differentiateA2intoA2redA2bloodA2cells,A2monocytes,A2gra
nulocytes,A2andA2platelets;A2theyA2doA2notA2reproduceA2andA2crowdA2outA2normalA2cellsA2i
nA2theA2marrow.A2PancytopeniaA2occursA2whenA2largeA2numbersA2ofA2blastA2cellsA2reprod
uceA2andA2crowdA2outA2normalA2marrowA2components.
AA2nurseA2isA2caringA2forA2severalA2patientsA2withA2acuteA2lymphocyticA2leukemiaA2(ALL).A
2WhichA2childrenA2doesA2theA2nurseA2understandA2haveA2theA2bestA2prognosis?
A.A2Infant
B.A2<A210A2yearsA2ofA2age
C.A2>A225%A2abnormalA2cellsA2inA2boneA2marrowA2aspirateA2
D.A2WhiteA2countA24,200/mm3
E.A2WhiteA2countA225,000/mm3A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2B,A2D
TheA2bestA2prognosisA2forA2ALLA2occursA2inA2childrenA22A2toA29A2yearsA2ofA2ageA2andA2inA2
childrenA2whoseA2initialA2whiteA2bloodA2cellA2countA2isA2<A25,000/
mm3.A2ChildrenA210A2andA2olderA2andA2whoseA2initialA2whiteA2bloodA2cellA2countsA2areA2?
=A250,000/mm3A2haveA2worseA2prognoses.A2InfantsA2haveA2aA2veryA2poorA2prognosis.
AA2childA2hasA2beenA2admittedA2withA2aA2paraspinalA2EwingsA2sarcoma.A2TheA2nursingA2i
nstructorA2questionsA2theA2studentA2aboutA2assessingA2forA2signsA2ofA2spinalA2cordA2comp
ression.A2WhichA2manifestationsA2doesA2thisA2include?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
, A.A2BurningA2painA2downA2theA2legs
B.A2DifficultyA2withA2swallowing
A2C.A2FootA2drop,A2causingA2aA2limp
A2D.A2RespiratoryA2depression
E.A2WeaknessA2inA2theA2handsA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C,A2E
CommonA2manifestationsA2ofA2spinalA2cordA2compressionA2includeA2burningA2pain,A2often
A2downA2theA2legs;A2footA2dropA2causingA2difficultyA2withA2ambulation;A2andA2weaknessA2i
nA2theA2hands.A2OtherA2manifestationsA2includeA2numbness,A2cramping,A2andA2lossA2ofA2s
ensationA2inA2theA2feet,A2andA2sexualA2dysfunctionA2inA2theA2olderA2patient.A2SwallowingA2
problemsA2andA2respiratoryA2depressionA2areA2notA2related.
TheA2nurseA2isA2teachingA2parentsA2aboutA2theA2importanceA2ofA2goodA2nutritionA2forA2thei
rA2childA2whoA2hasA2cancer.A2WhichA2componentsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2includeA2asA2import
antA2forA2thisA2childsA2diet?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2HighA2calories
B.A2HighA2carbohydrates
A2C.A2HighA2vitamins
D.A2LowA2minerals
E.A2LowA2proteinA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C
TheA2childA2withA2cancerA2needsA2optimalA2nutrition,A2includingA2aA2dietA2highA2inA2calorie
s,A2fattyA2acids,A2vitamins,A2protein,A2andA2minerals.
AA2nurseA2isA2explainingA2radiationA2sideA2effectsA2toA2theA2parentsA2ofA2aA2childA2forA2wh
omA2itA2hasA2beenA2ordered.A2WhichA2sideA2effectsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2includeA2inA2theA2e
xplanation?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2HairA2loss
B.A2Leukocytosis
C.A2Nausea
D.A2Polycythemia
E.A2SkinA2desquamationA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2C,A2E
CommonA2sideA2effectsA2ofA2radiationA2includeA2nausea,A2alopeciaA2(hairA2loss),A2fatigueA
2andA2malaise,A2lowA2WBC,A2skinA2desquamation,A2andA2mucousA2membraneA2inflammat
ionA2andA2irritation.A2LeukocytosisA2(highA2WBCA2count)A2andA2polycythemiaA2(increasedA
2RBCA2count)A2areA2notA2seen
TheA2staffA2nurseA2isA2educatingA2nursingA2studentsA2onA2theA2long-
termA2effectsA2ofA2childhoodA2chemotherapy.A2WhichA2problemsA2doesA2theA2nurseA2inclu
deA2inA2theA2educationalA2session?A2(SelectA2allA2thatA2apply.)
A.A2CardiacA2dysfunction
B.A2HearingA2loss
C.A2IncreasedA2riskA2ofA2multiple-gestationA2pregnancies
D.A2LearningA2disabilitiesE.A2PeripheralA2neuropathyA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A,A2B,A2D,A2E
TheA2listA2ofA2long-
termA2effectsA2ofA2chemotherapyA2isA2lengthyA2andA2includesA2cardiacA2dysfunction,A2hea
ringA2loss,A2learningA2disabilities,A2andA2peripheralA2neuropathy,A2amongA2others.A2Sterilit
y,A2notA2anA2increasedA2riskA2forA2multiple-gestationA2pregnancies,A2isA2alsoA2anA2effect.
