Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 1
ESSENTIALS OF ORAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY
5THEDITION CHIEGO TEST BANK A+
Test Bank Page 1
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 2
Chapter 01: Development and Structure of Cells and Tissues Chiego: Essentials of Oral
Histology and Embryology, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy?
a. ADP
b. ATP
c. RNA
d. DNA
ANS: B
Feedback
A Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not ADP, production.
B Correct. Mitochondria produce energy via ATP.
C Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not RNA, production.
D Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not DNA, production.
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 2-3 OBJ: 1
2. Each tissue originates from mesoderm, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
a. Bone
b. Liver
c. Blood
d. Muscle
ANS: B
Feedback
A Bone tissue develops from mesodermal cells.
B Correct. Liver tissue is produced by endodermal cells.
C Blood develops from mesodermal cells.
D Muscle tissue develops from mesodermal cells.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 6 OBJ: 3
3. Which chemical is called the second messenger?
a. aDNA
b. mRNA
c. dGMP
Test Bank Page 2
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 3
d. cAMP
ANS: D
Feedback
A cAMP is the second messenger; aDNA is not.
B cAMP is the second messenger; mRNA is not.
C cAMP is the second messenger; dGMP is not.
D Correct. cAMP transmits information to the intracellular organelles when
activated by surface receptors on the plasma membrane.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3
4. Which cellular component facilitates protein synthesis?
a. Ribosomes
b. Lysosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Plasmalemma ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Ribosomes synthesize protein.
B Lysosomes facilitate the breakdown of intracellular and extracellular substances.
C Mitochondria generate energy.
D The plasmalemma provides a protective barrier and regulates the transport of
substances to and from the cell.
5. Which organelle produces microtubules?
a. Nucleus
b. Centriole
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum ANS: B
Feedback
A Centrioles generate microtubules; the nucleus does not.
B Correct. Centrioles produce microtubules.
C Centrioles generate microtubules; the Golgi apparatus does not.
D Centrioles generate microtubules; the endoplasmic reticulum does not.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
6. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized as the initial resting stage?
Test Bank Page 3
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 4
a. S phase
b. G1 phase
c. G2 phase
d. Prophase ANS: B
Feedback
A The S phase is characterized as the stage in which DNA synthesis is complete.
B Correct. The G1 phase is the initial resting stage.
C The G2 phase is characterized by post-DNA duplication.
D Prophase is characterized by four specific structural changes.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1
7. Posttranslational modifications to proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum
are
accomplished by .
a. mitochondria
b. Golgi apparatus
c. messenger RNA
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANS: B
Feedback
A The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; mitochondria
are not.
B Correct. The Golgi apparatus makes alterations to proteins produced by the
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; mRNA is
not.
D The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum is not.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1
8. The provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo.
a. ovary
b. uterine tube
c. myometrium
d. endometrium ANS: D
Feedback
Test Bank Page 4
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 5
A The ovary is the female reproductive organ, in which the ova or eggs are
produced.
B The uterine tube conducts the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
C The myometrium is the smooth muscle that lines the uterus.
D Correct. The endometrium provides the ovum with the nourishment necessary
for implantation and growth.
9. Intercalated disks are present in which type of muscle?
a. Cardiac
b. Smooth
c. Skeletal
d. Voluntary ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Cardiac is the only type of muscle tissue with intercalated disks.
B Intercalated disks are not present in smooth muscle.
C Intercalated disks are not present in skeletal muscle.
D Intercalated disks facilitate the involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 15 OBJ: 4
10. Developmental abnormalities are not associated with which number of chromosomes?
a. 44
b. 45
c. 46
d. 47
ANS: C
Feedback
A Developmental abnormalities are associated with less than the normal number of
chromosomes (46).
B Developmental abnormalities are associated with less than the normal number of
chromosomes (46).
C Correct. The normal human cell has 46 total chromosomes.
D Developmental abnormalities are associated with more than the normal number
of chromosomes (46).
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 16 OBJ: 4
11. Which best describes diapedesis?
Test Bank Page 5
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 6
a. Programmed cell death and fragmentation
b. A protective mechanism in the immunologic defense of the body
c. The development of a cartilage disk in the neck of each long bone
d. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection ANS: D
Feedback
A Apoptosis is cell death and fragmentation into membrane-bound particles.
B The lymphatic system is an immunologic defense mechanism.
C The epiphyseal plate is a developmental disk of cartilage.
D Correct. Diapedesis is a process whereby leukocytes migrate between
endothelial cells to the site of infection.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 12 OBJ: 4
12. T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages are produced in the .
a. spleen
b. cerebellum
c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow ANS: D
Feedback
A Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the spleen.
B Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the cerebellum.
C Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the lymph nodes.
D Correct. Bone marrow is the site of formation for T cells, B cells,
NK cells, and macrophages.
13. Which represent the first change in shape of the embryo’s body from a flat sheet of cells?
a. Formation of the embryonic disk.
b. Formation of neural folds.
c. Formation of cartilage.
d. Migration of myoblasts from the myotome. ANS: B
Feedback
A The embryonic disk forms from a small inner cell mass within the blastocyst. This occurs
prior to the formation of the three primordial layers, long before the
embryo acquires a three-dimensional shape.
Test Bank Page 6
ESSENTIALS OF ORAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY
5THEDITION CHIEGO TEST BANK A+
Test Bank Page 1
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 2
Chapter 01: Development and Structure of Cells and Tissues Chiego: Essentials of Oral
Histology and Embryology, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy?
a. ADP
b. ATP
c. RNA
d. DNA
ANS: B
Feedback
A Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not ADP, production.
B Correct. Mitochondria produce energy via ATP.
C Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not RNA, production.
D Mitochondria generate energy through ATP, not DNA, production.
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 2-3 OBJ: 1
2. Each tissue originates from mesoderm, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
a. Bone
b. Liver
c. Blood
d. Muscle
ANS: B
Feedback
A Bone tissue develops from mesodermal cells.
B Correct. Liver tissue is produced by endodermal cells.
C Blood develops from mesodermal cells.
D Muscle tissue develops from mesodermal cells.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 6 OBJ: 3
3. Which chemical is called the second messenger?
a. aDNA
b. mRNA
c. dGMP
Test Bank Page 2
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 3
d. cAMP
ANS: D
Feedback
A cAMP is the second messenger; aDNA is not.
B cAMP is the second messenger; mRNA is not.
C cAMP is the second messenger; dGMP is not.
D Correct. cAMP transmits information to the intracellular organelles when
activated by surface receptors on the plasma membrane.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3
4. Which cellular component facilitates protein synthesis?
a. Ribosomes
b. Lysosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Plasmalemma ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Ribosomes synthesize protein.
B Lysosomes facilitate the breakdown of intracellular and extracellular substances.
C Mitochondria generate energy.
D The plasmalemma provides a protective barrier and regulates the transport of
substances to and from the cell.
5. Which organelle produces microtubules?
a. Nucleus
b. Centriole
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum ANS: B
Feedback
A Centrioles generate microtubules; the nucleus does not.
B Correct. Centrioles produce microtubules.
C Centrioles generate microtubules; the Golgi apparatus does not.
D Centrioles generate microtubules; the endoplasmic reticulum does not.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
6. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized as the initial resting stage?
Test Bank Page 3
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 4
a. S phase
b. G1 phase
c. G2 phase
d. Prophase ANS: B
Feedback
A The S phase is characterized as the stage in which DNA synthesis is complete.
B Correct. The G1 phase is the initial resting stage.
C The G2 phase is characterized by post-DNA duplication.
D Prophase is characterized by four specific structural changes.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1
7. Posttranslational modifications to proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum
are
accomplished by .
a. mitochondria
b. Golgi apparatus
c. messenger RNA
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANS: B
Feedback
A The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; mitochondria
are not.
B Correct. The Golgi apparatus makes alterations to proteins produced by the
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; mRNA is
not.
D The Golgi apparatus is responsible for posttranslational alterations; the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum is not.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1
8. The provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo.
a. ovary
b. uterine tube
c. myometrium
d. endometrium ANS: D
Feedback
Test Bank Page 4
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 5
A The ovary is the female reproductive organ, in which the ova or eggs are
produced.
B The uterine tube conducts the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
C The myometrium is the smooth muscle that lines the uterus.
D Correct. The endometrium provides the ovum with the nourishment necessary
for implantation and growth.
9. Intercalated disks are present in which type of muscle?
a. Cardiac
b. Smooth
c. Skeletal
d. Voluntary ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Cardiac is the only type of muscle tissue with intercalated disks.
B Intercalated disks are not present in smooth muscle.
C Intercalated disks are not present in skeletal muscle.
D Intercalated disks facilitate the involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 15 OBJ: 4
10. Developmental abnormalities are not associated with which number of chromosomes?
a. 44
b. 45
c. 46
d. 47
ANS: C
Feedback
A Developmental abnormalities are associated with less than the normal number of
chromosomes (46).
B Developmental abnormalities are associated with less than the normal number of
chromosomes (46).
C Correct. The normal human cell has 46 total chromosomes.
D Developmental abnormalities are associated with more than the normal number
of chromosomes (46).
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 16 OBJ: 4
11. Which best describes diapedesis?
Test Bank Page 5
, Oral Histology and Embryology 5th edition Chiego 6
a. Programmed cell death and fragmentation
b. A protective mechanism in the immunologic defense of the body
c. The development of a cartilage disk in the neck of each long bone
d. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection ANS: D
Feedback
A Apoptosis is cell death and fragmentation into membrane-bound particles.
B The lymphatic system is an immunologic defense mechanism.
C The epiphyseal plate is a developmental disk of cartilage.
D Correct. Diapedesis is a process whereby leukocytes migrate between
endothelial cells to the site of infection.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 12 OBJ: 4
12. T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages are produced in the .
a. spleen
b. cerebellum
c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow ANS: D
Feedback
A Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the spleen.
B Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the cerebellum.
C Immune system cells (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are produced
in the bone marrow, not the lymph nodes.
D Correct. Bone marrow is the site of formation for T cells, B cells,
NK cells, and macrophages.
13. Which represent the first change in shape of the embryo’s body from a flat sheet of cells?
a. Formation of the embryonic disk.
b. Formation of neural folds.
c. Formation of cartilage.
d. Migration of myoblasts from the myotome. ANS: B
Feedback
A The embryonic disk forms from a small inner cell mass within the blastocyst. This occurs
prior to the formation of the three primordial layers, long before the
embryo acquires a three-dimensional shape.
Test Bank Page 6
