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2026-2027 Includes Frequently Tested Questions With
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1. Sensory exploration - ANSWER involves activities that engage the
senses-touch, sight, hearing, smell, and taste- helping children explore and
understand the world around them
2. Fine motor skills - ANSWER involve tiny muscles working with the brain
and nervous system to control movements in areas like the hands, fingers,
lips, tongue, and eyes
3. Initiative versus guilt stage - ANSWER children between the ages three
and six display increased assertiveness by taking the lead in play and
engaging in social interactions more actively
4. Preoperational stage - ANSWER children between the ages of two and
seven years old think symbolically, using symbols to represent words,
objects, images, individuals, and concepts, enabling the capacity to mimic
behavior through imitation
,5. Egocentric - ANSWER demonstrating a cognitive inclination where
individuals find it challenging to acknowledge perspectives beyond their
own
6. Scaffolding - ANSWER when the teacher breaks down complex concepts
into small, more manageable steps helping children along the way
7. Conservation - ANSWER understanding that certain physical attributes
of objects- such as quantity, mass, volume, and number- remain constant
even their appearance or arrangement changes
8. Industry versus inferiority stage - ANSWER Children between the ages 5
and 12 develop a growing sense of competence and accomplishment as
they develop a greater understanding of their capabilities and limitations
9. Concrete operational stage - ANSWER In children between ages 7 and
11, thinking becomes more logical, organized, and systematic
10.Reversibility - ANSWER to mentally undo actions or operations; allows
individuals to understand that certain processes can be reversed to return
to their original state
11.Classification - ANSWER to categorize objects, events, or concepts based
on common attributes or characteristics, enabling children to organize and
make sense of their environment
,12.Puberty - ANSWER typically occurs between ages 12 and 17; changes
such as the development of secondary sexual characteristics, growth spurts,
and alterations in body composition
13.Identity versus role confusion stage - ANSWER Adolescents between the
ages of 12-17 engage in the exploration and formation of personal identity,
including values, beliefs, and aspirations
14.Formal operational stage - ANSWER In adolescents between ages 12
and 17, thinking becomes more abstract, complex, and systematic
15.Learning theories - ANSWER conceptual frameworks that explain how
individuals acquire knowledge, develop skills, and change behaviors over
time
16.Behaviorism - ANSWER sheds light on how external stimuli shape
behavior, emphasizing the focus on observable behaviors rather than
internal mental processes
17.Classical conditioning - ANSWER illustrates how associations between
stimuli can lead to learned responses
18.Operant conditioning - ANSWER demonstrates how behaviors are
strengthened or weakened
, 19.Reinforcement - ANSWER increases the likelihood of a behavior being
repeated
20.Punishment - ANSWER decreases the likelihood of a behavior
reoccurring
21.Direct instruction - ANSWER a teacher-led traditional behaviorist
teaching strategy
22.Cognitivism - ANSWER seeks to understand the internal processes
involved in learning, such as perception, memory, problem-solving, and
decision-making
23.Mental schemas - ANSWER cognitive frameworks that help people
organize and interpret information
24.Bloom's revised taxonomy - ANSWER a framework that categorizes
educational objectives into six levels of cognitive complexity: remembering,
understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating
25.information processing theory - ANSWER a key component of
cognitivism that focuses on understanding the mental processes involved in
learning and cognition
26.elaboration - ANSWER the addition of details