SGU MSK FINAL SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> cell type of epidermis
Answer: stratified squamous epithelium
>> Cell type of dermis
Answer: Two layers - loose connective tissue followed by dense irregular
connective tissue
>> Thin skin only epithelial skin appendages
Answer: hair, hair follicles and Sebaceous glands
>> stratum corneum
no organelles
keratin filaments aggregated into tonofibrils
variable in number of layers- determines which vs thin skin
Answer: outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened,
keratinized cells.
>> stratum lucidum
Considered a subdivision of the
stratum corneum
Answer: only in thick skin
>> stratum granulosum
Answer: 3rd layer of the epidermis, Contain conspicuous granules which is
made up of Keratohyalin granules and lamellar bodies
,>> Keratohyalin granules
Cystine-andhistidine-rich proteins = precursor for filaggrin
Responsible for aggregating the keratin filaments
within the cornified cells
Answer: irregularly shaped, variably sized
>> stratum spinosum
Adjacent cells are connected to each other via desmosomes =slight thickening
known as the node of bizzozero
most superficial layer- Nuclei become elongated instead of ovoid
freely moving Langerhans cells found predominantly in this layer
Answer: prickle layer
>> stratum basale
Contains many melanin granules
Lots of cell junctions- desmosomes
Answer: the deepest layer of the epidermis (rest on basal lamina attached by
hemidesmosome) consisting of a single layer of cuboidal cells acting as stem
cells capable of undergoing cell division to form new cells
>> basal cell carcinoma
Cells at the periphery has a characteristic palisaded appearance
It invades the dermis and deeper lying structures doesn't typically metastasize
Answer: Most common and least severe type of skin cancer caused by UV
light
>> Bullous pemphigoid
IgG attack hemidesmosomes that bind to basement membrane and stimulate
leukocytic infiltration
large blisters that don't easily rupture
Answer: Damage to Hemidesmosomes - separation of epithelium from the
dermis
, >> squamous cell carcinoma
Hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis
Common in fair skinned older people
Develop formation of squamous pearls or swirls
Answer: Malignant tumor of keratinocytes (inactive p53)
>> Pemphigus vulgaris
easy to rupture blisters
Answer: Desmosomes (Antibodies target cadherins and desmoplakins) -
separation of the stratum spinosum cells from one another. Atrophy of the
prickle cell layer.
>> Nikolsky's sign
Answer: easy to rupture blisters. sign of Pemphigus vulgaris
>> Lamellar bodies formation
Contents excreted by exocytosis
Answer: Formed by the Golgi apparatus of the spinosum cells
>> second degree burn
Answer: Partial thickness epidermis and dermis epithelial water barrier
disrupted Heals spontaneously
>> third degree burn
Water barrier disrupted, nerves and blood vessels destroyed Does not heal
spontaneously, fluid loss is extensive
Answer: ull thickness epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue
>> first degree burn
Answer: Partial thickness epidermis only Heals spontaneously
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> cell type of epidermis
Answer: stratified squamous epithelium
>> Cell type of dermis
Answer: Two layers - loose connective tissue followed by dense irregular
connective tissue
>> Thin skin only epithelial skin appendages
Answer: hair, hair follicles and Sebaceous glands
>> stratum corneum
no organelles
keratin filaments aggregated into tonofibrils
variable in number of layers- determines which vs thin skin
Answer: outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened,
keratinized cells.
>> stratum lucidum
Considered a subdivision of the
stratum corneum
Answer: only in thick skin
>> stratum granulosum
Answer: 3rd layer of the epidermis, Contain conspicuous granules which is
made up of Keratohyalin granules and lamellar bodies
,>> Keratohyalin granules
Cystine-andhistidine-rich proteins = precursor for filaggrin
Responsible for aggregating the keratin filaments
within the cornified cells
Answer: irregularly shaped, variably sized
>> stratum spinosum
Adjacent cells are connected to each other via desmosomes =slight thickening
known as the node of bizzozero
most superficial layer- Nuclei become elongated instead of ovoid
freely moving Langerhans cells found predominantly in this layer
Answer: prickle layer
>> stratum basale
Contains many melanin granules
Lots of cell junctions- desmosomes
Answer: the deepest layer of the epidermis (rest on basal lamina attached by
hemidesmosome) consisting of a single layer of cuboidal cells acting as stem
cells capable of undergoing cell division to form new cells
>> basal cell carcinoma
Cells at the periphery has a characteristic palisaded appearance
It invades the dermis and deeper lying structures doesn't typically metastasize
Answer: Most common and least severe type of skin cancer caused by UV
light
>> Bullous pemphigoid
IgG attack hemidesmosomes that bind to basement membrane and stimulate
leukocytic infiltration
large blisters that don't easily rupture
Answer: Damage to Hemidesmosomes - separation of epithelium from the
dermis
, >> squamous cell carcinoma
Hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis
Common in fair skinned older people
Develop formation of squamous pearls or swirls
Answer: Malignant tumor of keratinocytes (inactive p53)
>> Pemphigus vulgaris
easy to rupture blisters
Answer: Desmosomes (Antibodies target cadherins and desmoplakins) -
separation of the stratum spinosum cells from one another. Atrophy of the
prickle cell layer.
>> Nikolsky's sign
Answer: easy to rupture blisters. sign of Pemphigus vulgaris
>> Lamellar bodies formation
Contents excreted by exocytosis
Answer: Formed by the Golgi apparatus of the spinosum cells
>> second degree burn
Answer: Partial thickness epidermis and dermis epithelial water barrier
disrupted Heals spontaneously
>> third degree burn
Water barrier disrupted, nerves and blood vessels destroyed Does not heal
spontaneously, fluid loss is extensive
Answer: ull thickness epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue
>> first degree burn
Answer: Partial thickness epidermis only Heals spontaneously
