Hepatic/Renal Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Which organs produce plasma proteins? - (ANSWER)Liver (except IG - made in plasma cells)
Decreased prealbumin levels can be seen in what types of conditions? - (ANSWER)Hepatic damage,
acute phase inflammatory response, tissue necrosis, poor nutritional status
Increased albumin levels can be seen in what types of conditions? - (ANSWER)Dehydration
What is the function of haptoglobin? - (ANSWER)Binds free hemoglobin and removes in from circulation
by RE system (prevents loss of hemoglobin and iron)
What is the function of ceruloplasmin? - (ANSWER)Copper transport
For a patient who was multiple myeloma, will the following protein levels be low, elevated, or normal?
Total protein, albumin, globulins - (ANSWER)Total protein - elevated
Albumin - normal
Globulins - elevated
When a protein is dissolved in a solution that is acidic relative to the protein's isoelectric point, will the
protein migrate toward the cathode or the anode? - (ANSWER)Cathode
When a protein is dissolved in a solution that is basic relative to the protein's isoelectric point, will the
protein migrate toward the cathode or the anode? - (ANSWER)Anode
In serum electrophoresis, when a buffer of 8.6 is employed, which protein will migrate the fastest
toward the anode? - (ANSWER)Albumin
What is the isoelectric point? - (ANSWER)pH at which the negative and positive charges will balance.
Proteins will not migrate at their isoelectric point.
What is cellulose acetate saturated with? - (ANSWER)Anti-immunoglobulin antibody
, Hepatic/Renal Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Bence-Jones Proteins - (ANSWER)Free light chains in the urine (either kappa or lambda), associated with
monoclonal lymphoproliferative B disorders
SPE protein levels: Acute inflammatory Response - (ANSWER)Normal/low albumin
Elevated alpha 1 + 2
SPE protein levels: Chronic Inflammation - (ANSWER)Normal/low albumin
Elevated alpha 1 + 2
Highly elevated gamma
SPE protein levels: Liver Damage - (ANSWER)Decreased albumin
Decreased alpha 1 + 2
Decreased beta
Increased IgA (in gamma fraction)
SPE protein levels: Monoclonal Gammopathy - (ANSWER)Increased gamma
What are the kidneys functions? - (ANSWER)Maintain hemostasis
(urine formation, waste excretion, nutrients retention, acid-base balance, water/electrolyte balance)
Secretion of hormones
(renin, erythropoietin, Vit D, prostaglandins)
Glomerular filtration - (ANSWER)Waste and nutrients leave blood
Tubular Reabsorption - (ANSWER)returns nutrients to blood
Tubular secretion - (ANSWER)eliminates extra waste from the blood
Which organs produce plasma proteins? - (ANSWER)Liver (except IG - made in plasma cells)
Decreased prealbumin levels can be seen in what types of conditions? - (ANSWER)Hepatic damage,
acute phase inflammatory response, tissue necrosis, poor nutritional status
Increased albumin levels can be seen in what types of conditions? - (ANSWER)Dehydration
What is the function of haptoglobin? - (ANSWER)Binds free hemoglobin and removes in from circulation
by RE system (prevents loss of hemoglobin and iron)
What is the function of ceruloplasmin? - (ANSWER)Copper transport
For a patient who was multiple myeloma, will the following protein levels be low, elevated, or normal?
Total protein, albumin, globulins - (ANSWER)Total protein - elevated
Albumin - normal
Globulins - elevated
When a protein is dissolved in a solution that is acidic relative to the protein's isoelectric point, will the
protein migrate toward the cathode or the anode? - (ANSWER)Cathode
When a protein is dissolved in a solution that is basic relative to the protein's isoelectric point, will the
protein migrate toward the cathode or the anode? - (ANSWER)Anode
In serum electrophoresis, when a buffer of 8.6 is employed, which protein will migrate the fastest
toward the anode? - (ANSWER)Albumin
What is the isoelectric point? - (ANSWER)pH at which the negative and positive charges will balance.
Proteins will not migrate at their isoelectric point.
What is cellulose acetate saturated with? - (ANSWER)Anti-immunoglobulin antibody
, Hepatic/Renal Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Bence-Jones Proteins - (ANSWER)Free light chains in the urine (either kappa or lambda), associated with
monoclonal lymphoproliferative B disorders
SPE protein levels: Acute inflammatory Response - (ANSWER)Normal/low albumin
Elevated alpha 1 + 2
SPE protein levels: Chronic Inflammation - (ANSWER)Normal/low albumin
Elevated alpha 1 + 2
Highly elevated gamma
SPE protein levels: Liver Damage - (ANSWER)Decreased albumin
Decreased alpha 1 + 2
Decreased beta
Increased IgA (in gamma fraction)
SPE protein levels: Monoclonal Gammopathy - (ANSWER)Increased gamma
What are the kidneys functions? - (ANSWER)Maintain hemostasis
(urine formation, waste excretion, nutrients retention, acid-base balance, water/electrolyte balance)
Secretion of hormones
(renin, erythropoietin, Vit D, prostaglandins)
Glomerular filtration - (ANSWER)Waste and nutrients leave blood
Tubular Reabsorption - (ANSWER)returns nutrients to blood
Tubular secretion - (ANSWER)eliminates extra waste from the blood
