Type 1 Hypersensi vity Reac on -correct answers- "Allergic reac on"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflamma on d/t mast cell degranula on.
- Hay fever, hives (u caria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reac on: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstric on.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensi vity Reac on -correct answers- Cytotoxic reac on; ssue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes ssue damage or alters func on
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid func on, doesn't destroy thyroid
ssue. 2) ABO incompa bility- example of cell/ ssue damage; severe transfusion reac on
occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglu na on or complement-mediated
lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensi vity reac ons -correct answers- Type 2: organ
specific; an body binds to the an gen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; an body binds to soluble an gen outside the cell surface that was
released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then deposited in the ssues.
, Type 3 Hypersensi vity Reac on -correct answers- Immune complex
- An gen-an body complex deposited in the ssues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthri s (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, organs)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) -correct answers- Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar
rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensi vity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemoly c anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthri s of at least two peripheral joints
- Serosi s (pleurisy, pericardi s)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of an nuclear an body (ANA)
Autoimmunity -correct answers- Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop
the same disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by a variety
of hypersensi vity reac ons (autoimmune and allergic reac ons).
Alloimmunity -correct answers- General term used to describe when an individual's immune
system reacts against an gens on the ssues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes sensi zed against
an gens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejec on, Transfusion reac on.
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflamma on d/t mast cell degranula on.
- Hay fever, hives (u caria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reac on: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstric on.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensi vity Reac on -correct answers- Cytotoxic reac on; ssue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes ssue damage or alters func on
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid func on, doesn't destroy thyroid
ssue. 2) ABO incompa bility- example of cell/ ssue damage; severe transfusion reac on
occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglu na on or complement-mediated
lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensi vity reac ons -correct answers- Type 2: organ
specific; an body binds to the an gen on the cell surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; an body binds to soluble an gen outside the cell surface that was
released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then deposited in the ssues.
, Type 3 Hypersensi vity Reac on -correct answers- Immune complex
- An gen-an body complex deposited in the ssues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthri s (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, organs)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) -correct answers- Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar
rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensi vity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemoly c anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthri s of at least two peripheral joints
- Serosi s (pleurisy, pericardi s)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of an nuclear an body (ANA)
Autoimmunity -correct answers- Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop
the same disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by a variety
of hypersensi vity reac ons (autoimmune and allergic reac ons).
Alloimmunity -correct answers- General term used to describe when an individual's immune
system reacts against an gens on the ssues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes sensi zed against
an gens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejec on, Transfusion reac on.
