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Examen integrador algebra II

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Se trata del exámen integrador de la materia ALGEBRA II realizado el día 25 de julio de 2012 correspondiente a la facultad de ingeniería de la UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES

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FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA-UBA
ÁLGEBRA II. Primer cuatrimestre de 2013
EXAMEN INTEGRADOR - 17 de julio de 2013 (Tercera fecha)
TEMA 1
RESOLUCIÓN
El alumno debe tener presente que siempre hay más de una forma correcta de resolver un
ejercicio. La resolución aquí presentada es una de las tantas posibles.


Ejercicio 1:
( ) ( )
Sea el problema a valor inicial { con
( )
Sabiendo que f es la solución del problema dado representada en el
gráfico, obtener todas las funciones que satisfacen g ’ = f.



Resolución:

La solución general de la ecuación homogénea ( ) ( )
es ( ) . Una solución particular de ( ) ( ) es
( ) ⁄ y la solución general es ( ) ⁄ . Usando la condición inicial y el
punto indicado en el gráfico, obtenemos los valores únicos de y de a. Resulta
( ) . Integrando tenemos

( ) ⁄

Ejercicio 2:

Para cada , sea la transformación lineal tal que , - [ ],

donde es la base canónica de y *, - , - , - +. Hallar todos
los valores de para los cuales existe una base de tal que , - es diagonal.

Resolución:

La existencia de tal base equivale a que , - sea diagonalizable (o bien, a que , - sea
diagonalizable para cualquier base de ).


, - , - [ ] y sus autovalores son , 1 y -1. Entonces:


Si y 2, , - tiene 3 autovalores distintos y por lo tanto es diagonalizable.

Si , 1 es autovalor con multiplicidad algebraica 2 y multiplicidad geométrica 1, y por lo tanto

, - no es diagonalizable.

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