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cell membrane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔separates the internal structures from the
extracellular fluid
cytoplasm - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clear, thick gel containing carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and other chemicals that surrounds the nucleus in a cell
cytosol - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fluid inside a cell
,organelles - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔bodies in the cytoplasm that perform specific
functions needed for cell survival
ribosomes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔rounded bodies in the cytoplasm composed of
protein and RNA; involved in protein synthesis
nucleus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔control center of a cell
chromatin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔DNA strands that are loosely coiled (before
division)
chromosomes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔DNA strands that are more tightly coiled
forming short, rod like bodies
homeostasis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔condition where internal and external
environments remain constant and in balance
diffusion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔process by which molecules or ions spread from
an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, until the
concentration is uniform throughout
active transport - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔process by which molecules or ions are
moved across a cell membrane; most chemotherapy agents enter a cell by
this
,enzymes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔proteins that act as catalysts to induce or speed
up specific chemical reactions within a cell
mitosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cell division, process by which cells reproduce
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔four phases
of mitosis
embryology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔study of the origin and development of the
individual organisms
differentiation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cells of the embryo begin to change their
shape and structure into distinct layers
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔three primary germ
layers
ectoderm - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔from it arises epidermal tissue
squamous cell carcinomas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔carcinomas that arise from
stratified epithelium
adenocarcinomas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔carcinomas that arise from glandular
tissue or ductal
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, transitional cell carcinomas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔carcinomas with mixed
glandular and epithelium
sarcomas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin; solid
tumors of connective tissue
mesoderm - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔from it arises connective tissue
endoderm - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔from it arises glandular epithelium
morphology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the description of the form and structure of
tissues of the body
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔four types of
tissues
simple - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔epithelial membrane composed of single layers of
cells
stratified - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔epithelial membranes several layers thick
squamous - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔epithelial tissue composed of thin, flat cells
cuboidal - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔epithelial tissue in cube-like cells
columnar - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔epithelial tissue in tall, column-like cells