INSY 3303 Exam 1 Questions With Compete Solutions | Guaranteed A+ | 2026

INSY 3303 Exam 1 Questions With Compete Solutions | Guaranteed A+ | 2026 Three basic components of a network: - answer-A server, client, and a circuit. What is a client? - answer-Is the inout-output device at the user end. (I.E. clients computer) What is a circuit? - answer-It is the pathway through which a message (data) travels. Think everything in-between the server and client, connects them together. What is a server? - answer-Typically servers provide some service for the clients. (data access, application logic, etc) Types of networks: - answer-LAN(local area network) - is a group of computers located in the same general area. Backbone Networks - larger, central networks connecting several LANs, other BNs, and WANs. Typically span 100's of feet to several miles. WAN(wide area networks)- connect BNs and MANs (metropolitan area networks). typically span hundreds or thousands of miles.Intranets- Is a LAN that uses the same technology as the internet but is only available to those inside the organization Extranets- Use the same technology as the internet, but provided to invited users Two most important network models: - answer-OSI (open systems interconnection reference) Internet model Internet Model - answer-Most commonly used model of the two. Its the network model that dominates current hardware and software. Simple five layer Collapses the top three layers of the OSI model into one layer. ( application layer, presentation layer, and session layer collapses down into the application layer.) Internet Model Layers - answer-1. Physical Layer 2. Data Link Layer 3. Network Layer 4. Transport Layer 5. Application Layer OSI Model - answer-the framework of standards for computer to computer communications. replaced by internet model, never caught on. OSI Model Layers - answer-1. Physical layer 2.Data Link Layer3.Network Layer 4.Transport Layer 5.Session Layer 6.Presentation Layer 7.Application Layer Physical Layer - answer-is the physical connection between the sender and receiver. Includes all hardware devices specifies the type of connection and the signals/radio waves/or light waves that pass through it. Role is to transfer series of signals through the circuit. Data Link Layer - answer-responsible for moving a message from one computer to the other in the network path (sender to receiver). Controls physical layer by deciding when the physical layer will transmit messages. formats messages by indicating where they start and end. detects and may correct errors that occurred during transmission. Network Layer - answer-Performs routing, selects the next computer to which the message should be sent. finds the address of the computer (receiver) if it is unknownTransport Layer - answer-Responsible for linking the application layer software to the network and establishing end to end connection between the sender and receiver. responsible for breaking long messages into several smaller ones, and then reassembling them into the original one at receiving end. Application Layer - answer-It is the users access to the network. user defines what messages are sent over the network. Layer PDUs - answer-1. application layer - HTTP packet 2. transport layer - TCP segment 3. network layer - IP packet 4. datalink layer - Ethernet frame Pros and Cons of layers - answer-1. easy to develop new software ing the software used at different layers is the same 3. It is somewhat inefficient because of encapsulation. protocol stack - answer-set of software used to understand the different protocols Application Architecture - answer-the way in which the functions of the application layer software are spread among clients and servers in the network (Client-Server Arch, P2P, etc) Application Layer Functions - answer-1. Data Storage - data storage and retrieval2. Data Access Logic - the processing required to access the data (database queries) 3. Application Logic -simple or complex depending on the application 4. Presentation Logic - the presentation of information to the user and acceptance of the users commands. Five Fundamental Application Architectures - answer-1. Host-Based 2. Client-Based 3. Client-Server 4. Cloud Based 5. Peer-toPeer Host-Based Architecture - answer-Application software and all data is stored on the one server. utilizes terminals one point of control Problems: Server Overload Not scaleable, upgrades are large and expensive. Client Based Architectures - answer-Client is responsible for presentation, application and data access logic. Server simply store the ly client and server are on the same network (LAN) Problem Overloads the network circuit All data must be transmitted from server to client. Client Server Architectures - answer-Balance processing between client and server Client is responsible for the presentation logic server is responsible for data access logic and data storage. application logic can either reside on the client or the server, or be split between the two. Enable software and hardware from different vendors to used together. requires use of middleware to make the software/hardware from different vendors work together. ***Two-Tier, Three-Tier, & n-Tier Architecture. Two-Tier - answer-Uses one client and one server Client - presentation and application logic Server - data Three-Tier - answer-Uses one client and two servers.Client - presentation App Server - Application Logic Database - Data access and storage n-Tier - answer-Uses more than three sets of computers Client - presentation App Server - Application Logic (split between two or more Application Servers) Database - Data access and storage Thin-Client - answer-places little or no application logic on the client computer easier to manage, only server with app logic needs updating enables cloud-based architecture Thick-Client - answer-Places all or almost all of application logic on client computer