INSY-3303 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | UPDATED 2026 | GRADED A+

INSY-3303 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | UPDATED 2026 | GRADED A+ Access Point - answer-a radio transceiver used on wireless LANs that enables the computers near it to communicate with each other and it also connects them into wired LANs. Application Architecture - answer-The way in which the functions of application layer software are spread among clients and servers in a network. Attenuation - answer-Loss of power in a signal as it travels from the sending device to the receiving device BN (Main Jobs) - answer-a larger, central network connecting several LANs, other BNs, MANs, and WANs. Routes and forwards messages, and passes content o Distribution layer in a building. (Building Network) o Most common topology: Star Topology Baselining - answer-when designers must review the list of applications that will use the network and identify the location of each, and the information is added to the emerging network documentation Building Network - answer-The second network architecture component which some vendors call the distribution layer, because it distributes network traffic to and from the LANs.Campus Network - answer-The third network architecture component, is usually faster than the backbones we use inside buildings because it typically carries more traffic than they do. circuit loading - answer-The amount of data transmitted on a circuit. This analysis can focus on either the average circuit traffic or the peak circuit traffic. Content Caching - answer-To store other people's Web data closer to your users. You install a content engine (also called a cache engine) close to your Internet connection and install special content management software on the router -It can save your content to other peoples stuff Content Delivery - answer-special type of Internet service that works in the opposite direction. Rather than storing other people's Web files closer to their own internal users CPE - answer-the equipment that is installed at the customer location data flow - answer-Data flow is the flow of data between two points. The direction of the data flow can be described as: Simplex : one direction flow ex radio and TV Half Duplex: both direction ex walkie talkie Full Duplex: both ways simultaneously. Dedicated Circuit - answer-are billed at a flat fee per month, and the user has unlimited use of the circuit. Once you sign a contract, making changes can be expensive because it means rewiring the buildings and signing a new contract with the carrier. Therefore, they require careful planning, both in terms of locations and the amount of capacity you purchaseESP - answer-encrypts IP packet and encapsulates it when the VPN software receives the Packet. The contents of the ESP packet (the IP packet, the TCP segment, and the HTTP packet) are encrypted so that no one except the VPN gateway at the office can read them. forwarding table - answer-Switch uses these to find out which circuit is connected to what computer. The table lists the Ethernet address of the computer connected to each port on the switch. o Used by switches FTTH - answer-(fiber-to-the-home) is the use of high-capacity fiber-optic cables, rather than coaxial cables, to connect homes to broader municipal networks intermodulation noise - answer-special type of cross-talk. The signals from two circuits combine to form a new signal that falls into a frequency band reserved for another signal. Internet exchange points (IXP) - answer-how tiers pass information ISP Tiers - answer-is a company the provides Internet access. The most common ISP is the provider who delivers Internet to your home or business for a fee. However, there are 3 levels of ISPs. Tier 1, tier 2, and tier 3 providers Load Balancer - answer-(also called a virtual server) a device that acts as a traffic manager at the front of a new server farm Local loop - answer-wired connection from a telephone company's central office in a locality to its customers' telephones at homes and businesses.MIME - answer-A standard for encoding and attaching binary files, images, video, and non-ASCII character sets within an e-mail message. Modem/Codec - answer-Communications hardware device that translates the digital data produced by computers into the analog signals for transmission in today's voice communication circuits Modulation - answer-the modification of a carrier wave's fundamental characteristics in order to encode information MTTR - answer-Mean Time to Repair--Describes how long it will take to recover a failed system. Multiplexing - answer-To divide high-speed circuit into several slower (logical) circuits. NAT - answer-Network Address Translation is the process of converting between one set of public IP addresses that are viewable from the Internet and a second set of private IP addresses that are hidden from people outside of the organization. _______ is so transparent, that no computer knows it is happening. NCO - answer-network cost of ownership Network OS - answer-is the software that controls the network. 2 sets of software one that runs the network server and one that runs the network client Network Circuits - answer-Wired & Wireless LANs Network Controls - answer-Developing a secure network means developing controls. Controls are software, hardware, rules, or procedures that reduce or eliminate the threats to network security.Network Demand - answer-restrict applications that use a lot of network capacity, such as desktop videoconferencing, medical imaging, or multimedia. NOC - answer-Network Operations Center OSI Layers & Groupings - answer-1) Application 2) Presentation 3) Session 4) Transport 5) Network 6) Data Link 7) Physical Overhead - answer-Used for purposes such as error checking and making the start and end of characters and packets. PDU - answer-Protocol Data Unit This contains layer-specific information necessary for a message to be transmitted through a network. Peering - answer-When separate ISPs link their networks to swap traffic on the Internet adn they do not charge each other when they transmit the messages. Performance and Failure Statistics - answer-performance how many packets are being moved on what circuits and what the response time. Failure statistics also tell availability, the percentage of time the network is available to users.Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) - answer-connections between the different locations in the packet network that are defined for frequent and consistent use by the network. Polling - answer-the process of sending a signal to a client computer that gives it permission to transmit RAID - answer-Redundant Array of Independent Disks