INSY 3303 Exam 1 Ch 1-3 Scott Johnson UTA Questions with Complete Solutions 2026 | Guaranteed Pass

INSY 3303 Exam 1 Ch 1-3 Scott Johnson UTA Questions with Complete Solutions 2026 | Guaranteed Pass Why are networks so important? - answer-- Modern orgs relay on the efficient transmission of data - Enables distributed systems, real-time communication, electronic commerce, social media, and the web Data Communications - answer-is the movement of computer information from one point to another through electrical or optical transmission systems. ex: Fiber Optic Telecommunications - answer-is the broader term and includes the transmission of voice and video (images and graphics) as well as data and usually implies longer distances. WWW - answer-World Wide Web and a database on a set of servers that contains links Domain - answer-A particular computer on the internet (ex: .com) - Top Level Domains: .edu, .mil, .uk, .de en (http://www.AA.com/en/) - answer-Folder on domain for languagemain (http://www.AA.com/en/) - answer-document (a web based doc we're trying to get) .html (http://www.AA.com/en/) - answer-extension (program use to open it) - hypertext markup language Server (Components of a Network) - answer-is a device that stores data or software that can be accessed by the client. ex: Web Server, Mail Server, and File Server Client (Components of a Network) - answer-any computer that requests services from server or is a device to access network and receive data from server. ex: Desktops, Laptops, Tablets, and Cell Phones Circuit (Component of a Network) - answer-connects all computers in a network wirelessly or wired (copper or fiber optic) OR is a pathway or connection between client and server ex: copper wire, fiber optic cable, and wireless How does a network work? - answer-The client initiates a communication with the sever by sending a request to the server. once the server receives the request, it processes it, and responds with a response. The router makes this connection possible. Switch (Smart) - answer-knows what computer on the network Hub (Dumb) - answer-knows to deliver something and will send to all on networkRouter - answer-allows you to connect to networks or components of networks the router enables computers on this network to communicate with computers on the same network or on other networks ex: The Internet File Server - answer-stores data and software that can be used by computers on the network Web Server - answer-stores documents and graphics that can be accessed from any Web browser such as Google Chrome. The web server can respond to requests from computers on this network or any computer on the internet. Mail Server - answer-handles and delivers email over the network Local Area Network (LAN) (Type of Networks) - answer-any wifi anywhere is a LAN; modem + router connected to ISP router = wireless LAN - computers located in the same general area - might contain a single floor or work area or single building - when LANs use wireless circuits they are called Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) Personal Area Network (PAN) - answer-around your person 30ft ex: Airpods connected to iPhone Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - answer-cover a campus or business ex: UTA WiFi Wide Area Network (WAN) - answer-covers a wide area could be an entire state- largest geographic scope - often composed of leased circuits - may span hundreds or thousands of miles Backbone Networks (BN) - answer-super highway delivering data - high-speed networks connecting other networks together - may span hundreds of feet to several miles two types: - building: connected by ton of LANs on each floor - campus: connects all the buildings and take it to the data center IntERnet - answer-public network of networks ex: AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, Spectrum IntRAnet - answer-(*company's internal private network) is a LAN that uses the same tech as the internet (e.g. web servers, java, html) but is open to only those inside the organization. ex: company internal private network such as CVS ExtRAnet - answer-(*private external network that connects to the internal) uses the same technology as the internet but instead is provided to invited users outside the organization who can access it over the internet, and can provide access to information services, inventories, and other internal organizational databases that are provided only to customers, suppliers, or those who have paid for access. - external people can connect to a company's private network* - accessed through the internet Network Models - answer-divide communication functions into layers- Open Systems Interconnection Resource Model (OSI) - Internet Model (or TCP/IP model) Protocol - answer-defines the language of transmission - it specifies the rules, functionality, and messages for communication at the layer Protocol Data Unit (PDU) - answer-contains layer-specific information necessary for a message to be transmitted through a network - each layer adds a PDU - PDUs act like nested envelopes (packets) - Encapsulation occurs when a higher level PDU is placed inside a lower level examples of PDUs: ethernet frame, IP packet, TCP segment, and HTTP packet. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model - answer-seven layers and each layer adds info to the data Layer 1: Physical (OSI) / (Internet Model) - answer-primarily transmitting data bits (binary bits zeros or ones) over a communication circuit; no PDU & physical cables/components - transmits only raw stream of bits without understanding their meaning or structures purpose: transmits the message example protocol: 802.11n & 100BASE-TLayer 2: Data Link (OSI) / (Internet Model) - answer-error detection and correction; must create and recognize message boundaries it must mark where message starts and where it ends, solve problems caused by damage, lost, or duplicate messages so the succeeding layers are shielded -has PDU (ethernet frame) ** purpose: move a message from one device to the next - controls hardware - formats the mesage - error checking Layer 3: Networking (OSI) / (Internet Model) - answer-performs routing it determines the next computer to which the message should be sent, so it can follow the best route through the network and finds the full address for that computer if needed. - PDU (Internet Protocol Packet)***: selects the next stop on the msg's route thru the network and it places the TCP segment inside IP PDU -- packet and passes the IP packet which contains the TCP segment which in turn contains HTTP packet which in turn contains the message to the data link layer. other examples: ICMP, IP Layer 4: Transport (OSI) / (Internet Model) - answer-error checking & start/stop 2 Functions (per textbook): - linking the application layer software to the network and establishing end-to-end connections between sender and receiver when connections are needed.- breaking long messages into several smaller messages to make them easier to transmit and then recombining smaller messages back into OG larger message at the receiving end, and can also detect lost messages and request them to be resent. - PDU (Transmission Control Protocol Segment)***: is responsible for breaking large files into smaller packets and opening a connection to the server for the transfer of large set of packets. This layer places the HTTP packet inside TCP -- fills in the info needed by the TCP Segment -- passes TCP (which contains HTTP which contains the message) to the network layer. [Sender perspective] example PDUs: TCP, UDP, POP, SSI