INSY 3303 Exam 3 Review Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Graded A+ | Updated 2026

INSY 3303 Exam 3 Review Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Graded A+ | Updated 2026 Access Point (AP) - answer-a radio transceiver used on wireless LANs that enables the computers near it to communicate with each other and it also connects them into wired LANs. Backbone Designs - answer-- switched backbones (designed for distribution layer) - routed backbones (designed for core layer) Backbone Network (BN) - answer--switched backbones (at distribution layer, inexpensive and good performance) -routed backbones (Subnet BN or Hierarchical BN, core layer, connects buildings ) -VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) - assigns people by job title or logical means instead of location and hardware What type of networks are used in buildings? (Building Network) - answer-switched backbone networks which are used in the distribution layer. What type of networks are used on a campus? (Campus Network) - answer-routed backbone networks which are used in the core layer.CIR (Committed Information Rate) - answer-the data rate the PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuits) guarantees to transmit. Core Layer - answer-The network layer that the campus backbone (routed backbone) is built on. CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) - answer-A contention based media access control technique where computers wait until the circuit is free before transmitting, that can also detects collisions by jamming the signals. FOR WIRED CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) - answer-a device that is the WAN equivalent of a NIC that takes the outgoing packet and translates it to use the data link layer and network protocols used in the WAN. Distribution Layer - answer-the network layer that building backbones (switched backbones) are built on. ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) - answer-an encapsulated packet that is encrypted using IPSec encryption and contains the IP packet, TCP segment and HTTP packet. Ethernet - answer-a layer 2 protocol that operates at the data link layer developed by DEC, Xerox and Intel. Wired Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) Wireless Ethernet (IEEE 802.11) Forwarding Table - answer-a table that lists the Ethernet address of the computer connected to each port on the switch.Load Balancer - answer-(also called a virtual server) a device that acts as a traffic manager at the front of a new server farm. MAR (Maximum Allowable Rate) - answer-the maximum rate that the network will attempt to provide, over and above the CIR. PDU get marked as DE MDF (Main Distribution Facility) - answer-The room containing the rack of equipment. Mesh Architecture - answer-a network architecture where every computer is connected to every or most of the computers on a network. MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) or Layer 2.5 - answer-Adds 4 bytes of info to header of PDU then takes off after leaving NOS (network operating system) - answer-the software that controls the network and provides the software that performs the functions associated with the data link, network, and application layers and usually the computer's own operating system. Network Circuits - answer-Wired & Wireless LANs PAD (Packet Assembly/Disassembly) device - answer-the user's connection to the network which can be owned and operated by the customer or by the common carrier. It converts the sender's data into the network layer and data link layer packets used by the packet network, then reassembles the packets and delivers them to the appropriate computer router. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) - answer-connections between the different locations in the packet network that are defined for frequent and consistent use by the network. NEVER CHANGESPOP (Point of Presence) - answer-Location where packet switched network connects to local telephone exchange then to customer RAID (redundant array of independent disks) - answer-a storage technology that is made of many separate disk drives. Ring Architecture - answer-an architecture used in dedicated-circtuit networks that connects all computers in a closed loop with each computer linked to the next. Routed Backbones - answer-a backbone network that move packets along the backbone on the basis of their network layer address and is most commonly used to connect buildings on the same campus backbone network. What is the primary advantage of routed backbones? - answer-it clearly segments each part of the network connected to the backbone. SAN (storage area network) - answer-a LAN devoted solely to data storage. Security Wifi Protocols - answer--Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) -Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) -802.11i (WPA2) -MAC Address filteringSONET (Synchronous Optimal Network) Services *m* - answer-the American standard (ANSI) for high-speed dedicated-circuit services. Defined as a multiple of OC (OC-1 = 51.84 Mbps) Star Architecture - answer-connects all computers to one central computer that routes messages to the appropriate computer STP (Shielded twisted-pair cable) - answer-Used in special areas that produce electrical interference. Maximum data rate 100Mbps T Carrier *m* - answer-commonly used form of dedicated-circuit services in North America today. T1 circuit - answer-provides a data rate of 1.544 Mbps. Often used to transmit both data and voice. T3 circuit - answer-allows transmission at a rate of 44.736 Mbps. Often used as the transmission medium for WANs and MANs. Fractional T1 - answer-offers portions of a 1.544-Mbps T1 circuit for a fraction of its full cost. Topology *m* - answer-The basic geometric layout of a network. Logical topology - answer-How the network works conceptuallyPhysical topology - answer-How the network is physically installed Bus Topology - answer-when all the computers are connected to one half-duplex circuit running the length of the network that is called the bus. VLAN (Virtual LAN) *m* - answer-assigns people by job title and logical means instead of location and hardware. Used for large networks Expensive and complex IEEE 802.1q VPN (Virtual Private Network) - answer-a network that provides the equivalent of a private packet-switched network over the public Internet. involves establishing a series of PVCs that run over the Internet so that the network acts like a set of dedicated circuits even though the data flows over the Internet. layer-2 VPN - answer-Uses the layer-2 packet (ex. Ethernet) to select the VPN tunnel and encapsulates the entire packet, starting with the layer-2 packet. layer-3 VPN - answer-Uses the layer-3 packet (e.g. IP) to select the VPN tunnel and encapsulates the entire packet, starting with the layer-3 packet; it discards the incoming layer-2 packet and generates an entirely new layer-2 packet at the destination.