BIO 210 Lecture Unit 2 Exam Questions and Answers 2026 | Guaranteed A+

BIO 210 Lecture Unit 2 Exam Questions and Answers 2026 | Guaranteed A+ what tissue types make up the integument? - answer-connective, epithelial, muscle (arrector pili), nervous (merkle cells) another term for integument - answer-cutaneous membrane study of skin: - answer-dermatology subcutaneous layer - answer-aka hypodermis, connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis thin skin - answer-covers most of the body thick skin - answer-Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet Has five layers of keratinocytes melanin - answer-A pigment that gives the skin its color and protects from UV exposure nevus - answer-mole freckles - answer-flat, melanized patchescapillary hemangioma - answer-a soft, raised, pink, or red vascular birthmark cavernous hemangioma - answer-collection of blood, the most common benign tumor lines of cleavage - answer-collagen organized in parallel lines in body, cuts in surgery are usually made parallel to these lines to help healing striae - answer-Stretch marks; Linear dermal scars that affects skin that is subjected to continuous stretching; vasoconstriction - answer-narrowing of blood vessels vasodilation - answer-widening of blood vessels integumentary structures derived from epidermis - answer-nails, hair, exocrine glands of the skin Where is hair not found? - answer-palms, soles, lips terminal hair - answer-coarse, long hair of eyebrows, scalp, axillary, and pubic regions vellus hair - answer-pale, fine body hair of children and adult females Lanugo hair - answer-also known as Vellus Hair, is the soft, white and downy hair found on the body; usually lacking a medulla merocrine sweat glands - answer-coiled tubular glands that discharge their secretions directly onto the surface of the skintelogen phase - answer-the final growth phase in which hair naturally falls out of the skin apocrine sweat glands - answer-Found in armpits, around nipples, and groin; Secrete products into hair follicles; Produce sticky, cloudy secretions; Break down and cause odors; sebaceous glands - answer-secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis Cerumenious glands - answer-secrete earwax in ear canal Cholecalciferol - answer-Vitamin D3 Produced by epidermal cells in the presence of UV radiation. Is transformed to CALCIDIOL in the LIVER Calcidiol - answer-modified in the liver into another inactive form of vitamin D Calcitrol - answer-active form of vitamin D transformed in kidney What does calcitriol do? - answer-stimulates parathyroid hormone parathyroid hormone (PTH) - answer-increases blood calcium levels; stimulates kidneys & intestines to absorb more calcium; breaks down bones epidermial dendritic cells - answer-located in stratum spinosum; immune cells Regeneration - answer-The ability to regrow a missing part of the bodyfibrosis (scarring) - answer-replacement of lost tissue components with fibrous connective tissue, loses some functionality basal cell carcinoma - answer-Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules. squamous cell carcinoma - answer-Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. malignant melanoma - answer-Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. What are changes to aging skin? - answer-wrinkles, less immunity, less hair, increased skin cancer risk first degree burn - answer-A mild burn characterized by heat, pain, and reddening of the burned surface but not exhibiting blistering or charring of tissues. second degree burn - answer-A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn. third degree burn (full thickness) - answer-a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue rule of nines - answer-A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn nents of skeletal system - answer-bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments Hemopoiesis - answer-production of blood cells Erthropoeisis - answer-production of red blood cells Erythropoietin (EPO) - answer-hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation Long bones - answer-longer than they are wide short bones - answer-carpals, tarsals flat bones - answer-skull, ribs, sternum irregular bones - answer-vertebrae and facial bones Parts of a long bone - answer-diaphysis, epiphyses, metaphyses, articular cartilage, periosteum, medullary cavity, endosteum Parts of a Flat Bone - answer-Inner and outer tables (Bone Sandwich) Diploe. Covered with periosteum. Lined with Endosteum. Cancellous bone filled with red marrow, even into adulthood. Can be used diagnostically--test for leukemia.Also differ in proportion of 2 different types of bone tissue.Compact Dense & solid looking. Diploe - answer-spongy bone in flat bones blood supply in bones - answer--bone is a dynamic tissue that responds to stress