Page 1 of 320
CEA PREP PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK |
FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS | BRAND NEW!
A 40-year-old man presents with chronic cough, night sweats,
and unintentional weight loss. He has a history of recent travel to
a country with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. On physical
examination, he has dullness to percussion and decreased
breath sounds in the right upper lobe. What is the most
appropriate initial test to confirm the diagnosis?
*Pulmonary function tests
*CT scan of the chest
*Sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli
*Chest X-ray
Sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli
Rationale: A sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is a
diagnostic test used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the
bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), as well as other
mycobacterial infections. This test is essential for confirming the
presence of tuberculosis and for identifying other mycobacterial
diseases.
,Page 2 of 320
A pediatric patient presents with wheezing over the past 24
hours, an occasional cough, runny nose, and decreased appetite.
The child has been afebrile. The nurse practitioner should begin
with:
*A complete blood count (CBC) and spirometry
*A complete history and a physical examination
*Pulse oximetry and nebulizer treatment
*Peak flow measurement and a chest x-ray
A complete history and a physical examination
Rationale: The provider should conduct a detailed history of
symptoms, including frequency, severity, and triggers (such as
allergens, exercise, or respiratory infections). Family history of
asthma or other allergic conditions and history of allergies,
eczema, or rhinitis (allergic or non-allergic). Additionally, a
physical assessment should be completed.
Which of the following agents would NOT be useful in reducing
pulmonary edema in a patient with cardiogenic shock?
*Nitroglycerin IV or SL
*Phenylephrine
*Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
*Furosemide PO or IV
,Page 3 of 320
Phenylephrine
Rationale: Phenylephrine is an afterload increasing agent and
would likely exacerbate worsening of pulmonary edema in a
heart with cardiogenic shock.
The optimal treatment for latent tuberculosis is:
*isoniazid (Nydrazid) for 9 months.
*rifampin (Rifadin) for 5 months.
*ethambutol for 6 months.
*pyrazinamide for 6 months.
isoniazid (Nydrazid) for 9 months.
Rationale: Isoniazid (INH) Monotherapy is typically administered
for a duration of 6 to 9 months, with 9 months being the standard.
The dosage for adults is 300 mg daily, while for children, it is 10-
20 mg/kg, not exceeding 300 mg daily. The medication can be
taken daily or twice weekly under Directly Observed Therapy
(DOT) to ensure adherence. To prevent peripheral neuropathy,
particularly in high-risk populations such as pregnant women,
individuals with diabetes, or those with HIV, supplementation
with Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) at a dose of 25-50 mg daily is
recommended.
, Page 4 of 320
A 5-year-old child presents with facial puffiness, decreased
urine output, and dark-colored urine. The parents report that the
child had a sore throat about two weeks ago. Which condition is
most likely?
*Urinary tract infection
*Nephrotic syndrome
*Acute glomerulonephritis
*Hydronephrosis
Acute glomerulonephritis
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is a condition
characterized by inflammation in the glomeruli, which are the
tiny filters in the kidneys that help remove excess fluids and
waste from the bloodstream. The symptoms of acute
glomerulonephritis can vary depending on the underlying cause
and the severity of kidney involvement. Common symptoms
include:
Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which may make the urine appear
pink, red, or cola-colored.
Proteinuria: Protein in the urine, which may cause foamy urine.
Edema: Swelling, typically around the eyes, face, hands, feet, and
abdomen. This occurs due to fluid retention as the kidneys lose
their ability to properly regulate fluid balance.
Hypertension: High blood pressure, which can be sudden and
severe in some cases.
CEA PREP PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK |
FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS | BRAND NEW!
A 40-year-old man presents with chronic cough, night sweats,
and unintentional weight loss. He has a history of recent travel to
a country with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. On physical
examination, he has dullness to percussion and decreased
breath sounds in the right upper lobe. What is the most
appropriate initial test to confirm the diagnosis?
*Pulmonary function tests
*CT scan of the chest
*Sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli
*Chest X-ray
Sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli
Rationale: A sputum culture for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is a
diagnostic test used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the
bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), as well as other
mycobacterial infections. This test is essential for confirming the
presence of tuberculosis and for identifying other mycobacterial
diseases.
,Page 2 of 320
A pediatric patient presents with wheezing over the past 24
hours, an occasional cough, runny nose, and decreased appetite.
The child has been afebrile. The nurse practitioner should begin
with:
*A complete blood count (CBC) and spirometry
*A complete history and a physical examination
*Pulse oximetry and nebulizer treatment
*Peak flow measurement and a chest x-ray
A complete history and a physical examination
Rationale: The provider should conduct a detailed history of
symptoms, including frequency, severity, and triggers (such as
allergens, exercise, or respiratory infections). Family history of
asthma or other allergic conditions and history of allergies,
eczema, or rhinitis (allergic or non-allergic). Additionally, a
physical assessment should be completed.
Which of the following agents would NOT be useful in reducing
pulmonary edema in a patient with cardiogenic shock?
*Nitroglycerin IV or SL
*Phenylephrine
*Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
*Furosemide PO or IV
,Page 3 of 320
Phenylephrine
Rationale: Phenylephrine is an afterload increasing agent and
would likely exacerbate worsening of pulmonary edema in a
heart with cardiogenic shock.
The optimal treatment for latent tuberculosis is:
*isoniazid (Nydrazid) for 9 months.
*rifampin (Rifadin) for 5 months.
*ethambutol for 6 months.
*pyrazinamide for 6 months.
isoniazid (Nydrazid) for 9 months.
Rationale: Isoniazid (INH) Monotherapy is typically administered
for a duration of 6 to 9 months, with 9 months being the standard.
The dosage for adults is 300 mg daily, while for children, it is 10-
20 mg/kg, not exceeding 300 mg daily. The medication can be
taken daily or twice weekly under Directly Observed Therapy
(DOT) to ensure adherence. To prevent peripheral neuropathy,
particularly in high-risk populations such as pregnant women,
individuals with diabetes, or those with HIV, supplementation
with Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) at a dose of 25-50 mg daily is
recommended.
, Page 4 of 320
A 5-year-old child presents with facial puffiness, decreased
urine output, and dark-colored urine. The parents report that the
child had a sore throat about two weeks ago. Which condition is
most likely?
*Urinary tract infection
*Nephrotic syndrome
*Acute glomerulonephritis
*Hydronephrosis
Acute glomerulonephritis
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is a condition
characterized by inflammation in the glomeruli, which are the
tiny filters in the kidneys that help remove excess fluids and
waste from the bloodstream. The symptoms of acute
glomerulonephritis can vary depending on the underlying cause
and the severity of kidney involvement. Common symptoms
include:
Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which may make the urine appear
pink, red, or cola-colored.
Proteinuria: Protein in the urine, which may cause foamy urine.
Edema: Swelling, typically around the eyes, face, hands, feet, and
abdomen. This occurs due to fluid retention as the kidneys lose
their ability to properly regulate fluid balance.
Hypertension: High blood pressure, which can be sudden and
severe in some cases.
