Wset diploma d1
,1|Page
what does water do for vines?-correct-answer-- provides turgidity
- photosynthesis
- temp regulation
- acts as a solvent for nutrients in the soil
- medium in which all of the vine's biochemical and physiological mechanisms take place
lack of water resulting in closing of stomata can have what effects on vines?-
correct-answer-- help conserve water
- reduce or stop photosynthesis (lack of CO2 entering vines)
- slows growth and ripening
why are waterlogged soils problematic for vines?-correct-answer-reduce O2 availability to
roots, slow root growth
what is evapotranspiration?-correct-answer-evaporation from the soil + vine combined
,2|Page
why do vines need nitrogen? what are the effects of too much/too little?-correct- answer-
- essential for growth
- component of proteins, chlorophyll
- too much: increased vegetative growth
- too little: yellowing of leaves
- restricted: higher quality grapes
why do vines need potassium? what are the effects of too much/too little?-
correct-answer-- essential for growth
- helps regulate water flow
- too much: inhibits uptake of magnesium (lower yield, poor ripening)
- high: high levels in grapes, linked to high pH
- low: low sugar accumulation, reduced yield, poor growth
why do vines need phosphorous? what are the effects of too little?-correct-
answer-- important for photosynthesis
- low: poorly developed root systems, reduced vine growth, lower yield
, 3|Page
why do vines need calcium? what are the effects of too little?-correct-answer-- needed for
structure of cells, photosynthesis
- low: poor fruit set
why do vines need magnesium? what are the effects of too much/too little?-
correct-answer-- found in chlorophyll
- low: reduced yield, poor ripening
how does soil pH affect nutrient availability?-correct-answer-Different nutrients become
more or less available at different pH levels. For example, iron is poorly available in soils
with high pH (e.g. soils with a high proportion of calcium carbonate such as limestone)
and this can cause chlorosis.
define climate-correct-answer-the annual pattern of temperature, sunlight,
rainfall, humidity and wind averaged out over several years (30 years in the
timescale generally agreed)
define the GDD model-correct-answer-- For Celsius, subtract 10 (the temperature in
Celsius below which vines cannot grow) from the average mean temperature of a month
in the growing season. For Fahrenheit, subtract 50 (the temperature in Fahrenheit below
which vines cannot grow) from the average mean temperature (in Fahrenheit) of a
month in the growing season.
,1|Page
what does water do for vines?-correct-answer-- provides turgidity
- photosynthesis
- temp regulation
- acts as a solvent for nutrients in the soil
- medium in which all of the vine's biochemical and physiological mechanisms take place
lack of water resulting in closing of stomata can have what effects on vines?-
correct-answer-- help conserve water
- reduce or stop photosynthesis (lack of CO2 entering vines)
- slows growth and ripening
why are waterlogged soils problematic for vines?-correct-answer-reduce O2 availability to
roots, slow root growth
what is evapotranspiration?-correct-answer-evaporation from the soil + vine combined
,2|Page
why do vines need nitrogen? what are the effects of too much/too little?-correct- answer-
- essential for growth
- component of proteins, chlorophyll
- too much: increased vegetative growth
- too little: yellowing of leaves
- restricted: higher quality grapes
why do vines need potassium? what are the effects of too much/too little?-
correct-answer-- essential for growth
- helps regulate water flow
- too much: inhibits uptake of magnesium (lower yield, poor ripening)
- high: high levels in grapes, linked to high pH
- low: low sugar accumulation, reduced yield, poor growth
why do vines need phosphorous? what are the effects of too little?-correct-
answer-- important for photosynthesis
- low: poorly developed root systems, reduced vine growth, lower yield
, 3|Page
why do vines need calcium? what are the effects of too little?-correct-answer-- needed for
structure of cells, photosynthesis
- low: poor fruit set
why do vines need magnesium? what are the effects of too much/too little?-
correct-answer-- found in chlorophyll
- low: reduced yield, poor ripening
how does soil pH affect nutrient availability?-correct-answer-Different nutrients become
more or less available at different pH levels. For example, iron is poorly available in soils
with high pH (e.g. soils with a high proportion of calcium carbonate such as limestone)
and this can cause chlorosis.
define climate-correct-answer-the annual pattern of temperature, sunlight,
rainfall, humidity and wind averaged out over several years (30 years in the
timescale generally agreed)
define the GDD model-correct-answer-- For Celsius, subtract 10 (the temperature in
Celsius below which vines cannot grow) from the average mean temperature of a month
in the growing season. For Fahrenheit, subtract 50 (the temperature in Fahrenheit below
which vines cannot grow) from the average mean temperature (in Fahrenheit) of a
month in the growing season.
