1|Page
NR 328 Exam 2 ||Verified Exam!!||Pediatric Nursing
Preparation With Complete Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers|| Newest Exam!!!
What is the most immediate threat to life in children with
thermal injuries?
a. Shock
b. Anemia
c. Local infection
d. Systemic sepsis - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate threat to life in children with
thermal injuries is airway compromise and profound
shock. Anemia is not of immediate concern. During the
healing phase, local infection or sepsis is the primary
complication.
After the acute stage and during the healing process, what
is the primary complication from burn injury?
a. Infection
b. Shock
c. Renal shutdown
d. Asphyxia - Answer-Answer: A
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Rationale: During the healing phase, local infection or
sepsis is the primary complication. Respiratory problems,
primarily airway compromise, and shock are the primary
complications during the acute stage of burn injury. Renal
shutdown is not a complication of the burn injury but may
be a result of the profound shock.
What finding is the most reliable guide to the adequacy of
fluid replacement for a small child with burns?
a. Urinary output of 1 to 2 mL/kg of body weight/hr
b. Increased seepage from burn wound
c. Falling hematocrit
d. Absence of thirst - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: Replacement fluid therapy is delivered to
provide a urinary output of 30 mL/hr in older children or 1
to 2 mL/kg of body weight/hr for children weighing less
than 30 kg (66 pounds). Thirst is the result of a complex
set of interactions and is not a reliable indicator of
hydration. Thirst occurs late in dehydration. A falling
hematocrit would be indicative of hemodilution. This may
reflect fluid shifts and may not accurately represent fluid
replacement therapy. Increased seepage from a burn
wound would be indicative of increased output, not
adequate hydration.
,3|Page
What intervention is contraindicated in a suspected case
of appendicitis?
a. Enemas
b. Palpating the abdomen
c. Administration of antibiotics
d. Administration of antipyretics for fever - Answer-Answer:
A
Rationale: In any instance in which severe abdominal pain
is observed and appendicitis is suspected, the nurse must
be aware of the danger of administering laxatives or
enemas. Such measures stimulate bowel motility and
increase the risk of perforation. The abdomen is palpated
after other assessments are made. Antibiotics should be
administered, and antipyretics are not contraindicated.
What factor predisposes an infant to fluid imbalances?
a. Immature kidney functioning
b. Decreased surface area
c. Lower metabolic rate
d. Decreased daily exchange of extracellular fluid -
Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: The infant's kidneys are functionally immature
at birth and are inefficient in excreting waste products of
, 4|Page
metabolism. Infants have a relatively high body surface
area (BSA) compared with adults. This allows a higher
loss of fluid to the environment. A higher metabolic rate is
present as a result of the higher BSA in relation to active
metabolic tissue. The higher metabolic rate increases heat
production, which results in greater insensible water loss.
Infants have a greater exchange of extracellular fluid,
leaving them with a reduced fluid reserve in conditions of
dehydration.
What is the required number of milliliters of fluid needed
per day for a 14 kg child?
a. 1200
b. 1100
c. 1300
d. 1400 - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: For the first 10 kg of body weight, a child
requires 100 mL/kg. For each additional kilogram of body
weight, an extra 50 mL is needed.
10 kg ´ 100 mL/kg/day = 1000 mL
4 kg ´ 50 mL/kg/day = 200 mL
1000 mL + 200 mL = 1200 ml/day
800 to 1000 mL is too little; 1400 mL is too much.
NR 328 Exam 2 ||Verified Exam!!||Pediatric Nursing
Preparation With Complete Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers|| Newest Exam!!!
What is the most immediate threat to life in children with
thermal injuries?
a. Shock
b. Anemia
c. Local infection
d. Systemic sepsis - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate threat to life in children with
thermal injuries is airway compromise and profound
shock. Anemia is not of immediate concern. During the
healing phase, local infection or sepsis is the primary
complication.
After the acute stage and during the healing process, what
is the primary complication from burn injury?
a. Infection
b. Shock
c. Renal shutdown
d. Asphyxia - Answer-Answer: A
,2|Page
Rationale: During the healing phase, local infection or
sepsis is the primary complication. Respiratory problems,
primarily airway compromise, and shock are the primary
complications during the acute stage of burn injury. Renal
shutdown is not a complication of the burn injury but may
be a result of the profound shock.
What finding is the most reliable guide to the adequacy of
fluid replacement for a small child with burns?
a. Urinary output of 1 to 2 mL/kg of body weight/hr
b. Increased seepage from burn wound
c. Falling hematocrit
d. Absence of thirst - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: Replacement fluid therapy is delivered to
provide a urinary output of 30 mL/hr in older children or 1
to 2 mL/kg of body weight/hr for children weighing less
than 30 kg (66 pounds). Thirst is the result of a complex
set of interactions and is not a reliable indicator of
hydration. Thirst occurs late in dehydration. A falling
hematocrit would be indicative of hemodilution. This may
reflect fluid shifts and may not accurately represent fluid
replacement therapy. Increased seepage from a burn
wound would be indicative of increased output, not
adequate hydration.
,3|Page
What intervention is contraindicated in a suspected case
of appendicitis?
a. Enemas
b. Palpating the abdomen
c. Administration of antibiotics
d. Administration of antipyretics for fever - Answer-Answer:
A
Rationale: In any instance in which severe abdominal pain
is observed and appendicitis is suspected, the nurse must
be aware of the danger of administering laxatives or
enemas. Such measures stimulate bowel motility and
increase the risk of perforation. The abdomen is palpated
after other assessments are made. Antibiotics should be
administered, and antipyretics are not contraindicated.
What factor predisposes an infant to fluid imbalances?
a. Immature kidney functioning
b. Decreased surface area
c. Lower metabolic rate
d. Decreased daily exchange of extracellular fluid -
Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: The infant's kidneys are functionally immature
at birth and are inefficient in excreting waste products of
, 4|Page
metabolism. Infants have a relatively high body surface
area (BSA) compared with adults. This allows a higher
loss of fluid to the environment. A higher metabolic rate is
present as a result of the higher BSA in relation to active
metabolic tissue. The higher metabolic rate increases heat
production, which results in greater insensible water loss.
Infants have a greater exchange of extracellular fluid,
leaving them with a reduced fluid reserve in conditions of
dehydration.
What is the required number of milliliters of fluid needed
per day for a 14 kg child?
a. 1200
b. 1100
c. 1300
d. 1400 - Answer-Answer: A
Rationale: For the first 10 kg of body weight, a child
requires 100 mL/kg. For each additional kilogram of body
weight, an extra 50 mL is needed.
10 kg ´ 100 mL/kg/day = 1000 mL
4 kg ´ 50 mL/kg/day = 200 mL
1000 mL + 200 mL = 1200 ml/day
800 to 1000 mL is too little; 1400 mL is too much.
