(VERSION A, TEST SCORE 92%) RESP 3210 - Advances
Mech Vent ELOS unit 1-3
If LOC declines over days to week - Abcess
(gradually) while on a vent, what does that - Tumor
suggest? - Subdural hematoma
If LOC declines over minutes to hrs Metabolic causes
(quickly) while on a vent, what can be
the cause?
What is the earliest sign of abnormal PT is unable to follow conversation or complex commands
mental status?
What do you assess when looking for PERRL - checking to see if Pupils are Equal, Round and Reactive to Light
pupillary response?
- Status of brain
Pupillary reflexes are controlled by the
- Sympathetic nervous system issues
midbrain and can show...
-
Small, pinpoint pupils usually result from... Pontine hemorrage or ingestion of narcotics
Dilated and fixed (unresponsive to light) Have been given atropine
pupils are seen in patients who...
Pontomedullary-midbrain connection
normal eye movement requires...
(So ensure cervical spine stability before oculocephalic maneuvers)
Lightly toughing the cornea w/ a cotton swab, performed bilaterally.
How are corneal response test performed (Normal response, should cause PT to blink both eyes)
and what is it testing?
Tests the 5th and 7th cranial nerves
, Bilateral movement of the posterior pharyngeal muscle upon tongue blade or
depressor
What is the normal response to a gag reflex
- tests the 9th and 10th cranial nerve
test?
- ability to cough on suctioning = intact 10th cranial nerve
(Should only be performed on intubated PTs)
What is the primary site of central control of The brainstem
respiration?
An abnormal respiratory pattern that includes hyperpnea alternating with episodes
What is Cheyne-Stokes respiration?
of apnea.
Abnormal respiratory pattern that indicates loss of coordinating muscle contraction
What is ataxic breathing?
& is a sign/marker of severe brainstem dysfunction
Loss of motor function and/or sensation in CNS (central nervous system) dysfunction
extremities is a definitive sign of... - when testing motor and sensory, look for bilateral symmetry
- monitor PTs at risk of life threatening intracrainial hypertension
What are the reasons to measure ICP
- monitor for evidence of infection
(intracranial pressure)?
- assess the effects of therapy aimed at reducing ICP
What is the normal mean ICP? 10-15 mmHg
15-20 mmHg: compresses capillary bed, compromising microcirculation
Dangerous pressures with ICP monitoring
30-35 mmHg: impedes venous drainage and edema starts in uninjured
include..
tissue 40-50 mmHg: cerebral perfusion cannot be maintained
- fluid filled systems w/ external transducers
What are the ICP monitoring categories?
- solid state systems w/ miniature pressure transducers
GCS 13-15 = non-icu observation
GCS 9-13 = ICU admission
What is the Glasgow coma scale for PT
GCS 8 or lower = ICU admission w/ ICP monitoring
triage w head injuries to the ICU?
GCS tests best motor response, best verbal response and opening of eyes
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) - normal = 7-21 mg/dl
Creatinine test - normal = .6 to 1.2 mg/dl
What tests are used to evaluate renal
function? Acute renal failure is indicated by:
-BUN increases 10-15 mh/dl per day
- Creatinine increases 1-2.5 mg/dl per day
- Burns
What catabolic (destructive metabolism) - Severe trauma
stressor cause values of renal failure to - Rhabdomyolysis
double? - Sepsis
- Starvation
What reflects kidney perfusion? Urine output
Polyuria is.. (excessive urination) = more than 3L/day (3000 ml/day)
Anuria is.. (no urine output) = less than 50 ml/day
Oliguria is.. (low urine output) = less than .4 L/day (400 ml/day)
Mech Vent ELOS unit 1-3
If LOC declines over days to week - Abcess
(gradually) while on a vent, what does that - Tumor
suggest? - Subdural hematoma
If LOC declines over minutes to hrs Metabolic causes
(quickly) while on a vent, what can be
the cause?
What is the earliest sign of abnormal PT is unable to follow conversation or complex commands
mental status?
What do you assess when looking for PERRL - checking to see if Pupils are Equal, Round and Reactive to Light
pupillary response?
- Status of brain
Pupillary reflexes are controlled by the
- Sympathetic nervous system issues
midbrain and can show...
-
Small, pinpoint pupils usually result from... Pontine hemorrage or ingestion of narcotics
Dilated and fixed (unresponsive to light) Have been given atropine
pupils are seen in patients who...
Pontomedullary-midbrain connection
normal eye movement requires...
(So ensure cervical spine stability before oculocephalic maneuvers)
Lightly toughing the cornea w/ a cotton swab, performed bilaterally.
How are corneal response test performed (Normal response, should cause PT to blink both eyes)
and what is it testing?
Tests the 5th and 7th cranial nerves
, Bilateral movement of the posterior pharyngeal muscle upon tongue blade or
depressor
What is the normal response to a gag reflex
- tests the 9th and 10th cranial nerve
test?
- ability to cough on suctioning = intact 10th cranial nerve
(Should only be performed on intubated PTs)
What is the primary site of central control of The brainstem
respiration?
An abnormal respiratory pattern that includes hyperpnea alternating with episodes
What is Cheyne-Stokes respiration?
of apnea.
Abnormal respiratory pattern that indicates loss of coordinating muscle contraction
What is ataxic breathing?
& is a sign/marker of severe brainstem dysfunction
Loss of motor function and/or sensation in CNS (central nervous system) dysfunction
extremities is a definitive sign of... - when testing motor and sensory, look for bilateral symmetry
- monitor PTs at risk of life threatening intracrainial hypertension
What are the reasons to measure ICP
- monitor for evidence of infection
(intracranial pressure)?
- assess the effects of therapy aimed at reducing ICP
What is the normal mean ICP? 10-15 mmHg
15-20 mmHg: compresses capillary bed, compromising microcirculation
Dangerous pressures with ICP monitoring
30-35 mmHg: impedes venous drainage and edema starts in uninjured
include..
tissue 40-50 mmHg: cerebral perfusion cannot be maintained
- fluid filled systems w/ external transducers
What are the ICP monitoring categories?
- solid state systems w/ miniature pressure transducers
GCS 13-15 = non-icu observation
GCS 9-13 = ICU admission
What is the Glasgow coma scale for PT
GCS 8 or lower = ICU admission w/ ICP monitoring
triage w head injuries to the ICU?
GCS tests best motor response, best verbal response and opening of eyes
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) - normal = 7-21 mg/dl
Creatinine test - normal = .6 to 1.2 mg/dl
What tests are used to evaluate renal
function? Acute renal failure is indicated by:
-BUN increases 10-15 mh/dl per day
- Creatinine increases 1-2.5 mg/dl per day
- Burns
What catabolic (destructive metabolism) - Severe trauma
stressor cause values of renal failure to - Rhabdomyolysis
double? - Sepsis
- Starvation
What reflects kidney perfusion? Urine output
Polyuria is.. (excessive urination) = more than 3L/day (3000 ml/day)
Anuria is.. (no urine output) = less than 50 ml/day
Oliguria is.. (low urine output) = less than .4 L/day (400 ml/day)
