PHIL 101 FINAL EXAM UNLV RAMSEY Questions and answers with accurate rationales(PASSED).
Indeterminism - (ANSWER)the doctrine that not all events are wholly determined by antecedent causes.
Being free vs. being random - (ANSWER)free is they can make the choice random means the choice is
unpredictable
Twin Earth criticism - (ANSWER)free idea
Compatibilism - (ANSWER)The belief that free will and determinism are compatible ideas, and that it is
possible to believe both without being logically inconsistent.
Manipulative brain-washer - (ANSWER)If a brain washer sets mind to do an action the person didn't
previously want to do
The person is not doing what they want to do
But the person isn't really "free" ...
Internal v. External Causes
ordinary upbringing rebuttal - (ANSWER)Ordinary upbringing is simply an extended "brainwashing"
Still free and doing what you want then
Defense of compatibalism
Locked room example - (ANSWER)If an ND and Michigan fan are locked in a room with a game where ND
is killing Michigan and the door gets locked
The ND fan wouldn't choose to leave
The Michigan fan could but can't
So the Michigan fan isn't doing what he wants
Therefore the Michigan fan isn't "free"
Being free vs. being lucky - (ANSWER)If freedom is doing what you want to do then ... A lucky person is
"more free" than an unlucky person b/c ... A lucky person does what they want while an unlucky person
does not
, PHIL 101 FINAL EXAM UNLV RAMSEY Questions and answers with accurate rationales(PASSED).
Cultural differences argument - (ANSWER)Different cultures have different moral codes. Therefore,
there is no objective "truth" in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion and opinions vary
from culture to culture.
Relativism's self-refutation - (ANSWER)Denies universal morality.
Cannot have a claim that is a universal claim.
One of its claims is that we cannot judge other cultures.
This in itself is a universal claim invalidating this argument
No moral progress consequence - (ANSWER)Can't criticize other cultures
Then we can't criticize things we did wrong in the past
Can't criticize things like Nazi Germany
Moral Objectivism - (ANSWER)the view that there are moral norms or principles that are valid or true for
everyone
legal vs. moral - (ANSWER)Law differs from morality in that there are physical sanctions enforcing the
law but only the sanctions of conscience and reputation enforcing morality; What is legal is not always
moral and what is moral is not always legal
Necessary conditions for society - (ANSWER)if A is a necessary condition for B, then B cannot be true
unless A is true. For instance, being alive is a necessary condition for going golfing. If you are dead, you
cannot golf
Divine Command Theory - (ANSWER)a theory also a doctrine asserting that the morally right action is
the one that God commands
God's goodness uninteresting - (ANSWER)If an action is good because of God's command
Then goodness depends on God's will
Ultimate goodness is simply ultimately doing God's will
Indeterminism - (ANSWER)the doctrine that not all events are wholly determined by antecedent causes.
Being free vs. being random - (ANSWER)free is they can make the choice random means the choice is
unpredictable
Twin Earth criticism - (ANSWER)free idea
Compatibilism - (ANSWER)The belief that free will and determinism are compatible ideas, and that it is
possible to believe both without being logically inconsistent.
Manipulative brain-washer - (ANSWER)If a brain washer sets mind to do an action the person didn't
previously want to do
The person is not doing what they want to do
But the person isn't really "free" ...
Internal v. External Causes
ordinary upbringing rebuttal - (ANSWER)Ordinary upbringing is simply an extended "brainwashing"
Still free and doing what you want then
Defense of compatibalism
Locked room example - (ANSWER)If an ND and Michigan fan are locked in a room with a game where ND
is killing Michigan and the door gets locked
The ND fan wouldn't choose to leave
The Michigan fan could but can't
So the Michigan fan isn't doing what he wants
Therefore the Michigan fan isn't "free"
Being free vs. being lucky - (ANSWER)If freedom is doing what you want to do then ... A lucky person is
"more free" than an unlucky person b/c ... A lucky person does what they want while an unlucky person
does not
, PHIL 101 FINAL EXAM UNLV RAMSEY Questions and answers with accurate rationales(PASSED).
Cultural differences argument - (ANSWER)Different cultures have different moral codes. Therefore,
there is no objective "truth" in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion and opinions vary
from culture to culture.
Relativism's self-refutation - (ANSWER)Denies universal morality.
Cannot have a claim that is a universal claim.
One of its claims is that we cannot judge other cultures.
This in itself is a universal claim invalidating this argument
No moral progress consequence - (ANSWER)Can't criticize other cultures
Then we can't criticize things we did wrong in the past
Can't criticize things like Nazi Germany
Moral Objectivism - (ANSWER)the view that there are moral norms or principles that are valid or true for
everyone
legal vs. moral - (ANSWER)Law differs from morality in that there are physical sanctions enforcing the
law but only the sanctions of conscience and reputation enforcing morality; What is legal is not always
moral and what is moral is not always legal
Necessary conditions for society - (ANSWER)if A is a necessary condition for B, then B cannot be true
unless A is true. For instance, being alive is a necessary condition for going golfing. If you are dead, you
cannot golf
Divine Command Theory - (ANSWER)a theory also a doctrine asserting that the morally right action is
the one that God commands
God's goodness uninteresting - (ANSWER)If an action is good because of God's command
Then goodness depends on God's will
Ultimate goodness is simply ultimately doing God's will
