PHIL 101 Final Exam UNLV Ramsey Questions and answers with accurate rationales.
compatibilism - (ANSWER)(soft determinism) rethinking freedom, believes we're 100% determined +
free - ability to do what you want
twin earth criticism - (ANSWER)twin can do things other than what you want to do. earth has true
freedom
manipulative brain-washer - (ANSWER)manipulative neuroscientist gives you the desire to cheat on an
exam - if you cheat on the exam, you might be acting according to your desire but you would not be free
since you had no control over what you desire.
ordinary upbringing rebutal - (ANSWER)(extended brainwashing) - still free + doing what you want -
defense of compatibalism
locked room example - (ANSWER)if a ND + Michigan fan are locked in a room w/a game where ND is
killing Michigan and the door gets locked, the ND fan wouldn't choose to leave, the Michigan fan could
but can't so the Michigan fan isn't doing what he wants, therefore the Michigan fan isn't "free"
being free vs being lucky - (ANSWER)if freedom is doing what you want to do - then a lucky person is
more free than an unlucky person bc a lucky person does what they want while an unlucky person does
not.
cultural differences argument - (ANSWER)(moral relativism)
#1 different cultures have different moral codes
#2 therefore, there are no objective, universal, cultural independent facts which determine
truth/falsehood of different moral claims.
Morality comes from a cultures society evaluation
relativism's self-refutation - (ANSWER)claims contradict relativism. "always wrong" universal moral
code: breaking this
no moral progress consequence - (ANSWER)cultural differences argument, there is no moral/cultural
progress because there are no culturally independent factors to weigh against/consider.
, PHIL 101 Final Exam UNLV Ramsey Questions and answers with accurate rationales.
legal vs moral - (ANSWER)legal is not always based on moral
ex: traffic drives on the right / lying+adultery immoral laws
necessary conditions for society - (ANSWER)all cultures share in common certain moral rules that are
necessary conditions for society - some cultural differences are merely biases as opposed to moral rules.
God's goodness uninteresting - (ANSWER)if an action is good bc of God's command then goodness
depends on God's will - ultimate goodness is simply ultimately doing God's will then God is only doing
his own will if he is good, therefore it is uninteresting
Plato's question about God - (ANSWER)is an act wrong(right) b/c God forbids(allows) it or does God
forbid(allow) it because its wrong(right).
arbitrariness of morality objection - (ANSWER)The problem with divine command theory - what is
good/bad depends on nothing more than God's whim - not an adequate foundation for morality.
expected utility - (ANSWER)(utilitarianism) an act that is right + what makes it right brings the highest
expected utility
moral consequentialism - (ANSWER)(utilitarianism) duties + motives
act utilitarianism - (ANSWER)attempt to determine a certain act if it is right/wrong + what makes it...
highest expected utility
herons + dolors - (ANSWER)an attempt to make Mill's doctrine more sophisticated.
hedons - units of happiness
dolors - units of unhappiness
quality dimension of pleasure - (ANSWER)(3 dimensions) duration, intensity, quality
compatibilism - (ANSWER)(soft determinism) rethinking freedom, believes we're 100% determined +
free - ability to do what you want
twin earth criticism - (ANSWER)twin can do things other than what you want to do. earth has true
freedom
manipulative brain-washer - (ANSWER)manipulative neuroscientist gives you the desire to cheat on an
exam - if you cheat on the exam, you might be acting according to your desire but you would not be free
since you had no control over what you desire.
ordinary upbringing rebutal - (ANSWER)(extended brainwashing) - still free + doing what you want -
defense of compatibalism
locked room example - (ANSWER)if a ND + Michigan fan are locked in a room w/a game where ND is
killing Michigan and the door gets locked, the ND fan wouldn't choose to leave, the Michigan fan could
but can't so the Michigan fan isn't doing what he wants, therefore the Michigan fan isn't "free"
being free vs being lucky - (ANSWER)if freedom is doing what you want to do - then a lucky person is
more free than an unlucky person bc a lucky person does what they want while an unlucky person does
not.
cultural differences argument - (ANSWER)(moral relativism)
#1 different cultures have different moral codes
#2 therefore, there are no objective, universal, cultural independent facts which determine
truth/falsehood of different moral claims.
Morality comes from a cultures society evaluation
relativism's self-refutation - (ANSWER)claims contradict relativism. "always wrong" universal moral
code: breaking this
no moral progress consequence - (ANSWER)cultural differences argument, there is no moral/cultural
progress because there are no culturally independent factors to weigh against/consider.
, PHIL 101 Final Exam UNLV Ramsey Questions and answers with accurate rationales.
legal vs moral - (ANSWER)legal is not always based on moral
ex: traffic drives on the right / lying+adultery immoral laws
necessary conditions for society - (ANSWER)all cultures share in common certain moral rules that are
necessary conditions for society - some cultural differences are merely biases as opposed to moral rules.
God's goodness uninteresting - (ANSWER)if an action is good bc of God's command then goodness
depends on God's will - ultimate goodness is simply ultimately doing God's will then God is only doing
his own will if he is good, therefore it is uninteresting
Plato's question about God - (ANSWER)is an act wrong(right) b/c God forbids(allows) it or does God
forbid(allow) it because its wrong(right).
arbitrariness of morality objection - (ANSWER)The problem with divine command theory - what is
good/bad depends on nothing more than God's whim - not an adequate foundation for morality.
expected utility - (ANSWER)(utilitarianism) an act that is right + what makes it right brings the highest
expected utility
moral consequentialism - (ANSWER)(utilitarianism) duties + motives
act utilitarianism - (ANSWER)attempt to determine a certain act if it is right/wrong + what makes it...
highest expected utility
herons + dolors - (ANSWER)an attempt to make Mill's doctrine more sophisticated.
hedons - units of happiness
dolors - units of unhappiness
quality dimension of pleasure - (ANSWER)(3 dimensions) duration, intensity, quality
