PAT 202 - WEEK 7 (LIVER DISORDERS)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Terms in this set (142)
The largest organ in the body; located in RUQ of
abdomen
What is the Liver? - Digestion
- Detoxification
- Blood sugar regulation
Blood from both arterial and venous sources:
Hepatic Portal Circulation - Hepatic artery
- Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic Portal Circulation: Provides oxygenated blood to the liver at the rate of
Hepatic Artery 400-500mL/min (about 25% of the CO)
Delivers about 1000-1200mL/min of blood to liver
Hepatic Portal Circulation: - Carries 70% of the blood to the liver
Hepatic Portal Vein - Rich in nutrients that have been absorbed from the
intestinal tract
, - Formed of cords or plates of hepatocytes
- Capable of regeneration: damaged or resected liver
tissue can regrow
- Hepatocytes secrete electrolytes, lipids, lecithin, bile
acids, and cholesterol into the canaliculi
- Plasma proteins are also synthesized and released --
Lobules
> bloodstream
- Lipocytes are star-shaped cells that store lipids,
including vitamin A
- Sinusoids receive a mixture of venous and arterial
blood from branches of the hepatic artery and
hepatic portal vein
- Sinusoids & Macrophages
Hepatic Cells that Carry - Stellate Cells
out Immune Functions - NK Cells
- Disse Space
Sinusoids are lined with phagocytic Kupffer cells
(macrophages)
Hepatic Cells that Carry
- Bactericidal and are central to innate immunity
out Immune Functions:
- Kupffer cells are also important for healing of liver
Sinusoids & Macrophages
injury and for bilirubin production and lipid
metabolism
Hepatic Cells that Carry Can proliferate into myofibroblasts, participate in liver
out Immune Functions: fibrosis, remove foreign substances from the blood,
Stellate Cells and trap bacteris
Hepatic Cells that Carry Produce interferon-y and are important in tumor
out Immune Functions: NK defense
Cells
Hepatic Cells that Carry B/w the endothelial lining of the sinusoid and the
out Immune Functions: hepatocyte is the DISSE SPACE, which drains
Disse Space interstitial fluid into the hepatic lymph system
, - Bile secretion
- Metabolism of Bilirubin
- Vascular and Hematologic functions
Functions of Liver
- Metabolism of nutrients
- Metabolism detoxification
- Storage of minerals and vitamins
- 700-1200mL of bile/day
- Bile is composed of bile salts (conjugates bile acids),
cholesterol, bilirubin (a pigment), electrolytes, and
Bile Secretion water
- Cycle of hepatic secretion, intestinal absorption, and
hepatic re-secretion of bile acids is termed the
enterohepatic circulation
LIVER produces primary bile acids from cholesterol --
> acids are combined with amino acids (glycine or
taurine) to form BILE SALTS --> GALLBLADDER stores
some of this bile for release during eating --> in
DUODENUM & JEJENUM (small intestine), bile salts
help digest fats by breaking them into droplets
(micelles) --> fat absorbed, free bile salts move
Enterohepatic Circulation
through intestine --> some bile salts (15-35%) excreted
in feces --> ILEUM & COLON reabsorb most bile salts
(65-85%) and either actively transport them or are
converted by bacteria --> secondary bile acids which
are absorbed passively --> absorbed bile salts travel
back to the liver through the bloodstream to be
reused
Bilirubin is a yellow substance that's produced when
red blood cells break down
What is Bilirubin?
- It's found in bile, which helps digest food, and it also
colors stool
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (142)
The largest organ in the body; located in RUQ of
abdomen
What is the Liver? - Digestion
- Detoxification
- Blood sugar regulation
Blood from both arterial and venous sources:
Hepatic Portal Circulation - Hepatic artery
- Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic Portal Circulation: Provides oxygenated blood to the liver at the rate of
Hepatic Artery 400-500mL/min (about 25% of the CO)
Delivers about 1000-1200mL/min of blood to liver
Hepatic Portal Circulation: - Carries 70% of the blood to the liver
Hepatic Portal Vein - Rich in nutrients that have been absorbed from the
intestinal tract
, - Formed of cords or plates of hepatocytes
- Capable of regeneration: damaged or resected liver
tissue can regrow
- Hepatocytes secrete electrolytes, lipids, lecithin, bile
acids, and cholesterol into the canaliculi
- Plasma proteins are also synthesized and released --
Lobules
> bloodstream
- Lipocytes are star-shaped cells that store lipids,
including vitamin A
- Sinusoids receive a mixture of venous and arterial
blood from branches of the hepatic artery and
hepatic portal vein
- Sinusoids & Macrophages
Hepatic Cells that Carry - Stellate Cells
out Immune Functions - NK Cells
- Disse Space
Sinusoids are lined with phagocytic Kupffer cells
(macrophages)
Hepatic Cells that Carry
- Bactericidal and are central to innate immunity
out Immune Functions:
- Kupffer cells are also important for healing of liver
Sinusoids & Macrophages
injury and for bilirubin production and lipid
metabolism
Hepatic Cells that Carry Can proliferate into myofibroblasts, participate in liver
out Immune Functions: fibrosis, remove foreign substances from the blood,
Stellate Cells and trap bacteris
Hepatic Cells that Carry Produce interferon-y and are important in tumor
out Immune Functions: NK defense
Cells
Hepatic Cells that Carry B/w the endothelial lining of the sinusoid and the
out Immune Functions: hepatocyte is the DISSE SPACE, which drains
Disse Space interstitial fluid into the hepatic lymph system
, - Bile secretion
- Metabolism of Bilirubin
- Vascular and Hematologic functions
Functions of Liver
- Metabolism of nutrients
- Metabolism detoxification
- Storage of minerals and vitamins
- 700-1200mL of bile/day
- Bile is composed of bile salts (conjugates bile acids),
cholesterol, bilirubin (a pigment), electrolytes, and
Bile Secretion water
- Cycle of hepatic secretion, intestinal absorption, and
hepatic re-secretion of bile acids is termed the
enterohepatic circulation
LIVER produces primary bile acids from cholesterol --
> acids are combined with amino acids (glycine or
taurine) to form BILE SALTS --> GALLBLADDER stores
some of this bile for release during eating --> in
DUODENUM & JEJENUM (small intestine), bile salts
help digest fats by breaking them into droplets
(micelles) --> fat absorbed, free bile salts move
Enterohepatic Circulation
through intestine --> some bile salts (15-35%) excreted
in feces --> ILEUM & COLON reabsorb most bile salts
(65-85%) and either actively transport them or are
converted by bacteria --> secondary bile acids which
are absorbed passively --> absorbed bile salts travel
back to the liver through the bloodstream to be
reused
Bilirubin is a yellow substance that's produced when
red blood cells break down
What is Bilirubin?
- It's found in bile, which helps digest food, and it also
colors stool
