OROFACIAL TEST #1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What-are-crowns-formed-from?---ans-✔✔Fusion-of-lobes
What-remains-after-fusion-in-teeth?---ans-✔✔Developmental-grooves
How-many-lobes-do-incisors,-canines,-and-most-premolars-develop-from?---ans-
✔✔Three-facial-lobes-and-one-lingual-lobe
How-many-lobes-do-first-molars-mostly-develop-from?---ans-✔✔Five-lobes-(maxillary-has-
two-facial-and-three-lingual;-mandibular-has-two-lingual-and-three-facial)
What-is-a-tubercle?---ans-✔✔Small-elevation-of-enamel-on-the-crown
What-is-a-fossa?---ans-✔✔Depression-or-concavity
What-is-a-pit?---ans-✔✔Pinpoint-hole-in-the-fossa-or-elsewhere-on-a-tooth
What-is-a-cusp?---ans-✔✔Mound-on-the-crown-that-makes-up-a-major-division-of-the-
occlusal-or-incisal-surface
What-is-a-ridge?---ans-✔✔Elevated-portion-of-a-tooth-that-runs-in-a-line
What-are-the-most-obvious-landmarks-on-posterior-teeth?---ans-✔✔Cusps
What-are-triangular-ridges?---ans-✔✔Main-ridges-on-each-cusp-that-run-from-the-tip-of-
the-cusp-to-the-central-part-of-the-occlusal-surface
What-is-a-transverse-ridge?---ans-✔✔Union-of-two-triangular-ridges-that-cross-the-
occlusal-surface
What-are-labial-development-grooves?---ans-✔✔Two-developmental-grooves-on-the-
labial-surfaces-of-anterior-teeth-that-separate-the-three-lobes-that-form-the-labial-surface
, What-is-a-lingual-groove?---ans-✔✔Separates-labial-development-grooves-from-the-
fourth-lobe-on-the-lingual-surface-of-the-crown
What-are-the-functions-of-teeth?---ans-✔✔Protecting-the-oral-cavity,-acquiring-and-
chewing-food,-aiding-the-digestive-system-in-breaking-down-food,-functioning-in-
communication
What-are-the-crown-and-root-portions-of-a-tooth?---ans-✔✔Crown-is-covered-with-enamel,-
root-is-covered-with-cementum
What-is-the-anatomic-crown?---ans-✔✔The-whole-crown-of-the-tooth-covered-by-enamel.
What-is-the-clinical-crown?---ans-✔✔The-part-of-the-tooth-seen-above-the-gingiva.
What-is-eruption?---ans-✔✔The-movement-of-a-tooth-through-the-surrounding-tissues.
What-are-the-characteristics-of-the-crown-and-root?---ans-✔✔Single-or-multiple-roots-
divided-into-two-segments,-each-with-one-apex.-Root-is-supported-by-the-alveolar-
process.
What-is-the-alveolar-process?---ans-✔✔The-portion-of-the-jaw-that-supports-teeth.
What-is-the-alveolus?---ans-✔✔The-bony-socket-in-which-the-tooth-fits.
What-are-maxillary-teeth?---ans-✔✔Teeth-in-the-upper-jaw-anchored-in-maxillary-bone.
What-are-mandibular-teeth?---ans-✔✔Teeth-in-the-lower-jaw-anchored-in-the-mandible.
What-are-the-types-of-cementum?---ans-✔✔Cellular-cementum-(confined-to-apical-third-
of-the-root)-and-acellular-cementum-(covers-the-entire-anatomic-root).
What-happens-to-cementoid-once-it-reaches-its-proper-thickness?---ans-✔✔It-calcifies.
What-happens-to-cementoblasts-not-trapped-in-cementum?---ans-✔✔They-line-up-along-
the-outer-surface-of-the-cementum-and-can-form-cementum-in-case-of-injury.
What-is-the-composition-of-pulp?---ans-✔✔Blood-vessels,-lymph-vessels,-connective-
tissue,-nerve-tissue,-and-odontoblasts.
Where-is-the-pulp-housed?---ans-✔✔In-the-pulp-cavity-and-surrounded-by-dentin.
What-are-the-functions-of-blood-vessels-in-the-pulp?---ans-✔✔Nourishment-to-activate-
and-support-formation-of-secondary-dentin,-and-supply-white-blood-cells-to-fight-bacterial-
invasion-within-the-pulp.
AND ANSWERS
What-are-crowns-formed-from?---ans-✔✔Fusion-of-lobes
What-remains-after-fusion-in-teeth?---ans-✔✔Developmental-grooves
How-many-lobes-do-incisors,-canines,-and-most-premolars-develop-from?---ans-
✔✔Three-facial-lobes-and-one-lingual-lobe
How-many-lobes-do-first-molars-mostly-develop-from?---ans-✔✔Five-lobes-(maxillary-has-
two-facial-and-three-lingual;-mandibular-has-two-lingual-and-three-facial)
What-is-a-tubercle?---ans-✔✔Small-elevation-of-enamel-on-the-crown
What-is-a-fossa?---ans-✔✔Depression-or-concavity
What-is-a-pit?---ans-✔✔Pinpoint-hole-in-the-fossa-or-elsewhere-on-a-tooth
What-is-a-cusp?---ans-✔✔Mound-on-the-crown-that-makes-up-a-major-division-of-the-
occlusal-or-incisal-surface
What-is-a-ridge?---ans-✔✔Elevated-portion-of-a-tooth-that-runs-in-a-line
What-are-the-most-obvious-landmarks-on-posterior-teeth?---ans-✔✔Cusps
What-are-triangular-ridges?---ans-✔✔Main-ridges-on-each-cusp-that-run-from-the-tip-of-
the-cusp-to-the-central-part-of-the-occlusal-surface
What-is-a-transverse-ridge?---ans-✔✔Union-of-two-triangular-ridges-that-cross-the-
occlusal-surface
What-are-labial-development-grooves?---ans-✔✔Two-developmental-grooves-on-the-
labial-surfaces-of-anterior-teeth-that-separate-the-three-lobes-that-form-the-labial-surface
, What-is-a-lingual-groove?---ans-✔✔Separates-labial-development-grooves-from-the-
fourth-lobe-on-the-lingual-surface-of-the-crown
What-are-the-functions-of-teeth?---ans-✔✔Protecting-the-oral-cavity,-acquiring-and-
chewing-food,-aiding-the-digestive-system-in-breaking-down-food,-functioning-in-
communication
What-are-the-crown-and-root-portions-of-a-tooth?---ans-✔✔Crown-is-covered-with-enamel,-
root-is-covered-with-cementum
What-is-the-anatomic-crown?---ans-✔✔The-whole-crown-of-the-tooth-covered-by-enamel.
What-is-the-clinical-crown?---ans-✔✔The-part-of-the-tooth-seen-above-the-gingiva.
What-is-eruption?---ans-✔✔The-movement-of-a-tooth-through-the-surrounding-tissues.
What-are-the-characteristics-of-the-crown-and-root?---ans-✔✔Single-or-multiple-roots-
divided-into-two-segments,-each-with-one-apex.-Root-is-supported-by-the-alveolar-
process.
What-is-the-alveolar-process?---ans-✔✔The-portion-of-the-jaw-that-supports-teeth.
What-is-the-alveolus?---ans-✔✔The-bony-socket-in-which-the-tooth-fits.
What-are-maxillary-teeth?---ans-✔✔Teeth-in-the-upper-jaw-anchored-in-maxillary-bone.
What-are-mandibular-teeth?---ans-✔✔Teeth-in-the-lower-jaw-anchored-in-the-mandible.
What-are-the-types-of-cementum?---ans-✔✔Cellular-cementum-(confined-to-apical-third-
of-the-root)-and-acellular-cementum-(covers-the-entire-anatomic-root).
What-happens-to-cementoid-once-it-reaches-its-proper-thickness?---ans-✔✔It-calcifies.
What-happens-to-cementoblasts-not-trapped-in-cementum?---ans-✔✔They-line-up-along-
the-outer-surface-of-the-cementum-and-can-form-cementum-in-case-of-injury.
What-is-the-composition-of-pulp?---ans-✔✔Blood-vessels,-lymph-vessels,-connective-
tissue,-nerve-tissue,-and-odontoblasts.
Where-is-the-pulp-housed?---ans-✔✔In-the-pulp-cavity-and-surrounded-by-dentin.
What-are-the-functions-of-blood-vessels-in-the-pulp?---ans-✔✔Nourishment-to-activate-
and-support-formation-of-secondary-dentin,-and-supply-white-blood-cells-to-fight-bacterial-
invasion-within-the-pulp.
