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bond that holds nucleotides - ✅✅phosphate
two ringed structures - ✅✅purines
Purines - ✅✅Adenine and guanine
one ringed structures - ✅✅pyrimidines
pyrimidines - ✅✅thymine and cytosine
Bond to combined strands of DNA - ✅✅hydrogen
Hydrogen bonds A and T have - ✅✅two
Hydrogen bonds C and G have - ✅✅three
phosphates are connected to the - ✅✅3' and 5'
For DNA oxygen is not present on the - ✅✅2' carbon
, DNA molecule that terminates with a phosphate connected to 5' carbon - ✅✅5
prime end
DNA molecule that terminates with OH on the 3 'carbon - ✅✅3 prime end
Structure of single stranded DNA - ✅✅phosphate linkages, sugar bac bone,
nucleotide bases
Process when DNA is produced - ✅✅replication
Process when RNA is produced - ✅✅transcription
Each gene has other nucleotide sequences that do not code for protein -
✅✅Promotor sequences
RNA is not useful until its delivered to the - ✅✅cytoplasm (where proteins are
made)
Polyadenylation Signal - ✅✅Many A's added to the end of RNA. Protects RNA
from being broken or destroyed by enzymes in nucleus
RNA in cytoplasm is shorter than DNA because - ✅✅splices out introns and
leaves exons
Process of making proteins from RNA - ✅✅translation