BIO 109
Bio 109 - Final Exam Review Graded A+ 2026
Oxygenated blood from the lungs returns to the (A) atrium of the heart in
the (B). From there, it enters the (C) ventricle and leaves the heart in the (D)
to go to the body. From the body, blood returns to the (E) atrium, and then
leaves the heart in the (F) to go to the lungs.
1. Right
2. Left
3. Pulmonary artery
4. Pulmonary veins
5. Aorta
A) 2, 4, 2, 5, 1, 3
B) 2, 3, 1, 4, 1, 3
C) 1, 3, 2, 5, 2, 4
D) 1, 5, 1, 3, 2, 4
E) 2, 5, 2, 4, 1, 3
2:Left, 4:Pulmonary veins, 2:Left, 5:Aorta, 1:Right, 4:Pulmonary Artery
Which of the following is true about veins?
A) veins have thicker walls than arteries
B) all veins carry oxygenated blood
C) veins carry blood away from the heart
D) all veins carry deoxygenated blood
E) veins have valves that serve to maintain a unidirectional flow of blood
veins have valves that serve to maintain a unidirectional flow of blood
BIO 109
,BIO 109
Which of the following statements concerning an open circulatory system is
true?
A) a heart is not required to pump the circulatory fluid through the
circulatory vessels
B) it has a higher hydrostatic pressure and is less energy efficient than a
closed system
C) the circulatory fluid is also the interstitial fluid
D) the circulatory fluid does not require respiratory pigment for 02 transport
E) the lower pressures provide for more effective delivery of O2 than is
possible with a closed system
the circulatory fluid is also the interstitial fluid
Calculate the heart rate of an individual with a cardiac output of 20 L/min
and a stroke volume of 100 mL.
A) 200 mL/min
B) 200 beats/min
C) 20 beats/min
D) 2000 beats/min
E) 100 mL/beat
B) 200 beats/min
Cardiac Output = Heart Rate * Stroke Volume
A dry mixture of gases has a total pressure of 600 mm Hg, and oxygen
comprises 20% of the gas mixture. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) is
equal to
A) 0.2 mM O2
B) 12 mm Hg
BIO 109
,BIO 109
C) 120 mm Hg
D) 200 mm Hg
E) none of the above
C) 120 mm Hg
Partial Pressure = Total Pressure * % gas
The abrupt changes of pressure in the aorta are most likely caused by the
A) spread of excitation from the SA to AV nodes
B) contraction of the atria
C) opening and closing of the AV valve
D) opening and closing of the semilunar valve
E) elastic recoil of the pulmonary vein
D) opening and closing of the semilunar valve
Which of the choices below determines the direction of respiratory gas
movement?
A) solubility in water
B) partial pressure gradient
C) the temperature
D) molecular weight and size of the gas molecule
E) none of the above
B) partial pressure gradient
The Bohr effect describes the effect of
A) increased pH on the increased ability of oxygen to load onto hemoglobin
B) decreased pH decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, enhancing
unloading
BIO 109
, BIO 109
C) decreased pH increasing the loading of carbon dioxide onto hemoglobin
D) increased temperature decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
E) decreased P02 on increased ability of oxygen to load onto hemoglobin
B) decreased pH decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, enhancing
unloading
Which of the following characterizes the glomerular filtrate, the fluid that
passes from the blood in the glomerulus into the proximal tubule of the
nephron?
A) It is clear in appearance and contains no glucose.
B) It is concentrated solution of waste products.
C) It is identical to blood plasma.
D) It is blood plasma that lacks most proteins.
E) It is whole blood
D) It is blood plasma that lacks most proteins.
A renal physiologist wants to determine the rate of filtration in the glomeruli
of the kidneys. The best experimental design would be to inject a substance
into the blood which
A) cannot pass through the glomerular capillaries
B) can pass through the glomerular capillaries, but is totally reabsorbed in
the renal tubules
C) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is partially reabsorbed in
the renal tubules
D) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the
renal tubules
E) none of the above
D) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the
renal tubules
BIO 109
Bio 109 - Final Exam Review Graded A+ 2026
Oxygenated blood from the lungs returns to the (A) atrium of the heart in
the (B). From there, it enters the (C) ventricle and leaves the heart in the (D)
to go to the body. From the body, blood returns to the (E) atrium, and then
leaves the heart in the (F) to go to the lungs.
1. Right
2. Left
3. Pulmonary artery
4. Pulmonary veins
5. Aorta
A) 2, 4, 2, 5, 1, 3
B) 2, 3, 1, 4, 1, 3
C) 1, 3, 2, 5, 2, 4
D) 1, 5, 1, 3, 2, 4
E) 2, 5, 2, 4, 1, 3
2:Left, 4:Pulmonary veins, 2:Left, 5:Aorta, 1:Right, 4:Pulmonary Artery
Which of the following is true about veins?
A) veins have thicker walls than arteries
B) all veins carry oxygenated blood
C) veins carry blood away from the heart
D) all veins carry deoxygenated blood
E) veins have valves that serve to maintain a unidirectional flow of blood
veins have valves that serve to maintain a unidirectional flow of blood
BIO 109
,BIO 109
Which of the following statements concerning an open circulatory system is
true?
A) a heart is not required to pump the circulatory fluid through the
circulatory vessels
B) it has a higher hydrostatic pressure and is less energy efficient than a
closed system
C) the circulatory fluid is also the interstitial fluid
D) the circulatory fluid does not require respiratory pigment for 02 transport
E) the lower pressures provide for more effective delivery of O2 than is
possible with a closed system
the circulatory fluid is also the interstitial fluid
Calculate the heart rate of an individual with a cardiac output of 20 L/min
and a stroke volume of 100 mL.
A) 200 mL/min
B) 200 beats/min
C) 20 beats/min
D) 2000 beats/min
E) 100 mL/beat
B) 200 beats/min
Cardiac Output = Heart Rate * Stroke Volume
A dry mixture of gases has a total pressure of 600 mm Hg, and oxygen
comprises 20% of the gas mixture. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) is
equal to
A) 0.2 mM O2
B) 12 mm Hg
BIO 109
,BIO 109
C) 120 mm Hg
D) 200 mm Hg
E) none of the above
C) 120 mm Hg
Partial Pressure = Total Pressure * % gas
The abrupt changes of pressure in the aorta are most likely caused by the
A) spread of excitation from the SA to AV nodes
B) contraction of the atria
C) opening and closing of the AV valve
D) opening and closing of the semilunar valve
E) elastic recoil of the pulmonary vein
D) opening and closing of the semilunar valve
Which of the choices below determines the direction of respiratory gas
movement?
A) solubility in water
B) partial pressure gradient
C) the temperature
D) molecular weight and size of the gas molecule
E) none of the above
B) partial pressure gradient
The Bohr effect describes the effect of
A) increased pH on the increased ability of oxygen to load onto hemoglobin
B) decreased pH decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, enhancing
unloading
BIO 109
, BIO 109
C) decreased pH increasing the loading of carbon dioxide onto hemoglobin
D) increased temperature decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
E) decreased P02 on increased ability of oxygen to load onto hemoglobin
B) decreased pH decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, enhancing
unloading
Which of the following characterizes the glomerular filtrate, the fluid that
passes from the blood in the glomerulus into the proximal tubule of the
nephron?
A) It is clear in appearance and contains no glucose.
B) It is concentrated solution of waste products.
C) It is identical to blood plasma.
D) It is blood plasma that lacks most proteins.
E) It is whole blood
D) It is blood plasma that lacks most proteins.
A renal physiologist wants to determine the rate of filtration in the glomeruli
of the kidneys. The best experimental design would be to inject a substance
into the blood which
A) cannot pass through the glomerular capillaries
B) can pass through the glomerular capillaries, but is totally reabsorbed in
the renal tubules
C) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is partially reabsorbed in
the renal tubules
D) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the
renal tubules
E) none of the above
D) can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the
renal tubules
BIO 109
