CHAPTER 1 CELLULAR BIOLOGY TEST
BANK AND WORKBOOK QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
/UPDATED VERSION
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
injury? - CORRECT ANSWES -- a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b.
Secretion of cortisol
c.
Increased retention of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine
causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is
due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is
the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S
what is the correct order of a normal cell cycle
,A. M phase
B. S PHASE
C. G1 phase
D. G2 phase - CORRECT ANSWES -- C. G1 phase
B. S PHASE
D. G2 phase
A. M phase
Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a.
Cells can produce proteins.
b.
Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c.
Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d.
Cells can synthesize fats. - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from
their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of
cellular metabolic absorption.
Where is most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a.
Mitochondria
b.
Ribosome
c.
Nucleolus
d.
Lysosome - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy
production. Ribosomes' chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a.
Lysosomes
b.
Peroxisomes
c.
Ribosomes
d.
Endosome - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces
H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or
escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins)
that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in
the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures
that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes
called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular
membrane.
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
injury? - CORRECT ANSWES -- a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b.
Secretion of cortisol
c.
Increased retention of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine
causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is
due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is
the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S
phase (S = synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2
BANK AND WORKBOOK QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
/UPDATED VERSION
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
injury? - CORRECT ANSWES -- a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b.
Secretion of cortisol
c.
Increased retention of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine
causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is
due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is
the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S
what is the correct order of a normal cell cycle
,A. M phase
B. S PHASE
C. G1 phase
D. G2 phase - CORRECT ANSWES -- C. G1 phase
B. S PHASE
D. G2 phase
A. M phase
Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a.
Cells can produce proteins.
b.
Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c.
Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d.
Cells can synthesize fats. - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from
their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of
cellular metabolic absorption.
Where is most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a.
Mitochondria
b.
Ribosome
c.
Nucleolus
d.
Lysosome - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy
production. Ribosomes' chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a.
Lysosomes
b.
Peroxisomes
c.
Ribosomes
d.
Endosome - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces
H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or
escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins)
that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in
the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures
that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes
called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular
membrane.
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
injury? - CORRECT ANSWES -- a.
Ribosome
b.
Golgi complex
c.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d.
Lysosomes
Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.
Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b.
Secretion of cortisol
c.
Increased retention of water
d.
Breakdown of fat - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine
causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is
due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a.
G1
b.
S
c.
G2
d.
M - CORRECT ANSWES -- ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is
the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S
phase (S = synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2
