ACBIS Study Guide || 100% Verified Answers.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) correct answers An injury to the brain that is not hereditary,
congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury correct answers an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain
pathology, caused by an external force
Characteristics of mild brain injury correct answers Can have either brief or no loss of
consciousness and its presentation may demonstrate vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, and inability
to recall what just happened
Moderate TBI characteristics correct answers Will be marked by unconsciousness for any period
of time up to 24 hours, will have neurological signs of brain trauma, including skull fractures
with contusion or bleeding, and may have focal findings on an electroencephalograph (EEG)/
computed tomography (CT) scan
Severe TBI characteristics correct answers Marked by period of loss of consciousness of 24
hours or greater
What is the mortality rate of brain injury? correct answers 53,000 deaths
Incidence rate of brain injury correct answers 2.5 million
Prevelance of brain injury correct answers 4.5 of U.S. Population
What chronic conditions are caused/accelerated by TBI? correct answers Epilepsy, Alzheimer's
Disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), Neuroendocrine Disorders, Incontinence,
Psychiatric Disease, sexual dysfunction,musculoskeletal dysfunction, skeletal dysfunction
What are the standards for a rehab facility? correct answers -Person centered practices that focus
on their health and safety;
-A robust performance measurement, management, and improvement system that focuses on
continuous improvement of both clinical and business practices;
-Delivery of quality services by competent and well trained personnel; and
- Accountability to persons served, payers, and regulators.
What is the Olmstead Decision? correct answers supreme court decision that people with
disabilities should not be kept in institutions
Why is the Olmstead decision significant for TBI? correct answers The decision has resulted in
several federal and state initiatives that will make living in the community a reality for more
persons with disabilities
Model systems of care? correct answers Acute Care Rehabilitation, Post-Acute Rehabilitation
Treatment, Long Term Home and Community
, Define mTBI correct answers A traumatically induced physiologic disruption of brain function,
as manifested by at least one of the following: normal structural imaging, LOC=0-30 minutes,
AOC= from a moment up to 24 hours, PTA= 0-1 day, GCS= 13-15
What is the incidence of mTBI? correct answers 1.1 million people each year
What are the symptoms of mTBI? correct answers Physical/Somatic, cognitive/ behavioral /
emotional
How can you reduce disability from mTBI? correct answers Early intervention and management
Seizures-prevalence of mortality after TBI correct answers 22 times more likely
What is the incidence of PPCS? correct answers 10-15% of those who sustain a mTBI
How should you treat PPCS? correct answers Symptom-focused, driven by careful diagnoses,
and compensatory strategies
What is CTE and why is it significant? correct answers A rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of the central nervous system, seen as repetitive brain trauma.
What is the risk of PPCS? correct answers Pending litigation, over 40,history of substance abuse,
low SES, traumatic injury, female, previous psych
What is the TBI Act of 1996? correct answers A federal law enacted in 1996. It is the only
federal legislation that specifically and exclusively addresses TBI in the civilian population.
Name the major lobes of the brain, and briefly describe their functions. correct answers Frontal-
executive functions
Parietal- sensory information
Temporal- language and hearing, also involved in memory
Occipital- visual
Describe basic anatomy of the spinal cord & functions correct answers Enables a person to move
and act, transmits messages sent from the Brain to muscles and organs, has three levels of
meninges
Describe the parts of a neuron and a synapse correct answers Neuron- cell body, axon, dendrite
Synapse- axon terminal, synaptic cleft, dendritic spine
Describe how impulses move along a neuron & a synapse correct answers Signals from axons to
dendrites, action potential generates out of soma, axon passes signal dendrites of other neurons
What is the reticular activating system? correct answers series of neurologic circuits in the brain
that control the functions of staying awake, paying attention, and sleeping
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) correct answers An injury to the brain that is not hereditary,
congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury correct answers an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain
pathology, caused by an external force
Characteristics of mild brain injury correct answers Can have either brief or no loss of
consciousness and its presentation may demonstrate vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, and inability
to recall what just happened
Moderate TBI characteristics correct answers Will be marked by unconsciousness for any period
of time up to 24 hours, will have neurological signs of brain trauma, including skull fractures
with contusion or bleeding, and may have focal findings on an electroencephalograph (EEG)/
computed tomography (CT) scan
Severe TBI characteristics correct answers Marked by period of loss of consciousness of 24
hours or greater
What is the mortality rate of brain injury? correct answers 53,000 deaths
Incidence rate of brain injury correct answers 2.5 million
Prevelance of brain injury correct answers 4.5 of U.S. Population
What chronic conditions are caused/accelerated by TBI? correct answers Epilepsy, Alzheimer's
Disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), Neuroendocrine Disorders, Incontinence,
Psychiatric Disease, sexual dysfunction,musculoskeletal dysfunction, skeletal dysfunction
What are the standards for a rehab facility? correct answers -Person centered practices that focus
on their health and safety;
-A robust performance measurement, management, and improvement system that focuses on
continuous improvement of both clinical and business practices;
-Delivery of quality services by competent and well trained personnel; and
- Accountability to persons served, payers, and regulators.
What is the Olmstead Decision? correct answers supreme court decision that people with
disabilities should not be kept in institutions
Why is the Olmstead decision significant for TBI? correct answers The decision has resulted in
several federal and state initiatives that will make living in the community a reality for more
persons with disabilities
Model systems of care? correct answers Acute Care Rehabilitation, Post-Acute Rehabilitation
Treatment, Long Term Home and Community
, Define mTBI correct answers A traumatically induced physiologic disruption of brain function,
as manifested by at least one of the following: normal structural imaging, LOC=0-30 minutes,
AOC= from a moment up to 24 hours, PTA= 0-1 day, GCS= 13-15
What is the incidence of mTBI? correct answers 1.1 million people each year
What are the symptoms of mTBI? correct answers Physical/Somatic, cognitive/ behavioral /
emotional
How can you reduce disability from mTBI? correct answers Early intervention and management
Seizures-prevalence of mortality after TBI correct answers 22 times more likely
What is the incidence of PPCS? correct answers 10-15% of those who sustain a mTBI
How should you treat PPCS? correct answers Symptom-focused, driven by careful diagnoses,
and compensatory strategies
What is CTE and why is it significant? correct answers A rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of the central nervous system, seen as repetitive brain trauma.
What is the risk of PPCS? correct answers Pending litigation, over 40,history of substance abuse,
low SES, traumatic injury, female, previous psych
What is the TBI Act of 1996? correct answers A federal law enacted in 1996. It is the only
federal legislation that specifically and exclusively addresses TBI in the civilian population.
Name the major lobes of the brain, and briefly describe their functions. correct answers Frontal-
executive functions
Parietal- sensory information
Temporal- language and hearing, also involved in memory
Occipital- visual
Describe basic anatomy of the spinal cord & functions correct answers Enables a person to move
and act, transmits messages sent from the Brain to muscles and organs, has three levels of
meninges
Describe the parts of a neuron and a synapse correct answers Neuron- cell body, axon, dendrite
Synapse- axon terminal, synaptic cleft, dendritic spine
Describe how impulses move along a neuron & a synapse correct answers Signals from axons to
dendrites, action potential generates out of soma, axon passes signal dendrites of other neurons
What is the reticular activating system? correct answers series of neurologic circuits in the brain
that control the functions of staying awake, paying attention, and sleeping
