1
NURS 5433 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026 PASS
ASSURED!!!
What is blepharitis and its common causes? -
-Solution-Blepharitis is chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins due
to bacterial colonization (commonly Staphylococcus) or seborrheic
dysfunction, often associated with risk factors like rosacea, seborrheic
dermatitis, contact lens use, and poor eyelid hygiene.
How can you differentiate between hordeolum and chalazion? -
-Solution-Hordeolum (stye) is an acute, painful, red, swollen nodule at
the eyelid margin due to infection, while chalazion is a chronic,
nonpainful, firm nodule from a blocked meibomian gland.
What are the symptoms and treatment options for conjunctivitis? -
-Solution-Bacterial conjunctivitis presents with mucopurulent
discharge and is treated with antibiotic drops. Viral conjunctivitis has
watery discharge and is treated with supportive care. Allergic
conjunctivitis involves watery, itchy discharge and is treated with
antihistamine eye drops.
What is the diagnostic method for corneal abrasion? -
-Solution-Corneal abrasion is diagnosed using fluorescein staining.
What is the treatment for periorbital edema? -
-Solution-Treatment for periorbital edema depends on the cause and
may include antihistamines or antibiotics if cellulitis is suspected.
What are the differences between pterygium and pingueculum? -
-Solution-Pterygium is a triangular, fleshy mass on the inner eye
extending onto the cornea, while pingueculum is a yellowish-white
conjunctival growth that does not cross the cornea.
,2
What are the causes and treatments for dry eye? -
-Solution-Dry eye can be caused by aging, autoimmune diseases (like
Sjogren's), and medication side effects. Treatments include artificial
tears and cyclosporine eye drops.
What is hyphema and its treatment? -
-Solution-Hyphema is a medical emergency characterized by blood
pooling in the anterior chamber of the eye, requiring urgent referral to
ER or ophthalmology.
What is glaucoma and its types? -
-Solution-Glaucoma is characterized by increased eye pressure. Types
include open-angle (chronic, painless) and angle-closure (acute, painful,
emergency).
What are the symptoms and treatment for diabetic retinopathy? -
-Solution-Diabetic retinopathy requires yearly dilated eye exams and is
treated with laser therapy, blood sugar control, and management of
diabetes.
What are the two types of macular degeneration? -
-Solution-The two types of macular degeneration are dry (with drusen
deposits) and wet (with neovascularization), with wet being more
severe.
What is strabismus and its types? -
-Solution-Strabismus is the misalignment of eyes, with estropia
(inward) and extropia (outward) leading to double vision or amblyopia.
What is conductive hearing loss and its common causes? -
-Solution-Conductive hearing loss can be caused by cerumen
impaction or otitis media.
,3
What is the treatment for cerumen impaction? -
-Solution-Treatment includes cerumenolytics to soften the wax,
followed by ear irrigation or manual removal.
What are the first-line treatments for otitis media? -
-Solution-First-line treatment for otitis media is amoxicillin; second-
line is Augmentin; third-line options include azithromycin or other
antibiotics if there is a penicillin allergy.
What is otitis externa and its causative organisms? -
-Solution-Otitis externa, or swimmer's ear, is caused by organisms
such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli.
What is the treatment for otitis externa? -
-Solution-Treatment includes ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drops.
What is the significance of the Quantiferon gold blood test? -
-Solution-The Quantiferon gold blood test is the gold standard for
diagnosing tuberculosis (TB).
What is the risk categorization for TB testing? -
-Solution-Risk categories for TB testing include low, moderate, and
high risk, with specific induration measurements for HIV+ individuals
and healthy adults.
What is the follow-up recommendation for severe blepharitis? -
-Solution-Referral to ophthalmology is recommended for severe or
refractory cases of blepharitis.
What is the treatment for chalazion if it persists? -
-Solution-Persistent chalazion may require steroid injection or surgical
removal.
What are the symptoms of angle-closure glaucoma? -
, 4
-Solution-Symptoms include severe pain, blurred vision, and rapid
increase in eye pressure.
What is the role of antihistamine eye drops in allergic conjunctivitis? -
-Solution-Antihistamine eye drops are used to relieve symptoms of
allergic conjunctivitis, such as watery and itchy eyes.
What is sensorineural hearing loss? -
-Solution-Hearing loss caused by damage or noise exposure, including
conditions like presbycusis.
What are ototoxic medications? -
-Solution-Medications that can cause hearing loss, including
aminoglycosides, aspirin, erectile dysfunction drugs, and loop diuretics.
What is allergic rhinitis and its pathophysiology? -
-Solution-An immune response to allergens (like pollen or dust) that
causes nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, often IgE-mediated.
What are the treatments for allergic rhinitis? -
-Solution-Avoidance of allergens, antihistamines, intranasal steroids,
and immunotherapy.
How does non-allergic rhinitis differ from allergic rhinitis? -
-Solution-Non-allergic rhinitis is triggered by irritants, not an immune
response, and symptoms are more persistent.
What is vasomotor rhinitis? -
-Solution-A non-allergic type of rhinitis caused by physiological
changes in temperature and humidity, leading to nasal inflammation.
What are the signs of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -
-Solution-Facial pain and purulent nasal discharge lasting more than 10
days.
NURS 5433 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026 PASS
ASSURED!!!
What is blepharitis and its common causes? -
-Solution-Blepharitis is chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins due
to bacterial colonization (commonly Staphylococcus) or seborrheic
dysfunction, often associated with risk factors like rosacea, seborrheic
dermatitis, contact lens use, and poor eyelid hygiene.
How can you differentiate between hordeolum and chalazion? -
-Solution-Hordeolum (stye) is an acute, painful, red, swollen nodule at
the eyelid margin due to infection, while chalazion is a chronic,
nonpainful, firm nodule from a blocked meibomian gland.
What are the symptoms and treatment options for conjunctivitis? -
-Solution-Bacterial conjunctivitis presents with mucopurulent
discharge and is treated with antibiotic drops. Viral conjunctivitis has
watery discharge and is treated with supportive care. Allergic
conjunctivitis involves watery, itchy discharge and is treated with
antihistamine eye drops.
What is the diagnostic method for corneal abrasion? -
-Solution-Corneal abrasion is diagnosed using fluorescein staining.
What is the treatment for periorbital edema? -
-Solution-Treatment for periorbital edema depends on the cause and
may include antihistamines or antibiotics if cellulitis is suspected.
What are the differences between pterygium and pingueculum? -
-Solution-Pterygium is a triangular, fleshy mass on the inner eye
extending onto the cornea, while pingueculum is a yellowish-white
conjunctival growth that does not cross the cornea.
,2
What are the causes and treatments for dry eye? -
-Solution-Dry eye can be caused by aging, autoimmune diseases (like
Sjogren's), and medication side effects. Treatments include artificial
tears and cyclosporine eye drops.
What is hyphema and its treatment? -
-Solution-Hyphema is a medical emergency characterized by blood
pooling in the anterior chamber of the eye, requiring urgent referral to
ER or ophthalmology.
What is glaucoma and its types? -
-Solution-Glaucoma is characterized by increased eye pressure. Types
include open-angle (chronic, painless) and angle-closure (acute, painful,
emergency).
What are the symptoms and treatment for diabetic retinopathy? -
-Solution-Diabetic retinopathy requires yearly dilated eye exams and is
treated with laser therapy, blood sugar control, and management of
diabetes.
What are the two types of macular degeneration? -
-Solution-The two types of macular degeneration are dry (with drusen
deposits) and wet (with neovascularization), with wet being more
severe.
What is strabismus and its types? -
-Solution-Strabismus is the misalignment of eyes, with estropia
(inward) and extropia (outward) leading to double vision or amblyopia.
What is conductive hearing loss and its common causes? -
-Solution-Conductive hearing loss can be caused by cerumen
impaction or otitis media.
,3
What is the treatment for cerumen impaction? -
-Solution-Treatment includes cerumenolytics to soften the wax,
followed by ear irrigation or manual removal.
What are the first-line treatments for otitis media? -
-Solution-First-line treatment for otitis media is amoxicillin; second-
line is Augmentin; third-line options include azithromycin or other
antibiotics if there is a penicillin allergy.
What is otitis externa and its causative organisms? -
-Solution-Otitis externa, or swimmer's ear, is caused by organisms
such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli.
What is the treatment for otitis externa? -
-Solution-Treatment includes ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drops.
What is the significance of the Quantiferon gold blood test? -
-Solution-The Quantiferon gold blood test is the gold standard for
diagnosing tuberculosis (TB).
What is the risk categorization for TB testing? -
-Solution-Risk categories for TB testing include low, moderate, and
high risk, with specific induration measurements for HIV+ individuals
and healthy adults.
What is the follow-up recommendation for severe blepharitis? -
-Solution-Referral to ophthalmology is recommended for severe or
refractory cases of blepharitis.
What is the treatment for chalazion if it persists? -
-Solution-Persistent chalazion may require steroid injection or surgical
removal.
What are the symptoms of angle-closure glaucoma? -
, 4
-Solution-Symptoms include severe pain, blurred vision, and rapid
increase in eye pressure.
What is the role of antihistamine eye drops in allergic conjunctivitis? -
-Solution-Antihistamine eye drops are used to relieve symptoms of
allergic conjunctivitis, such as watery and itchy eyes.
What is sensorineural hearing loss? -
-Solution-Hearing loss caused by damage or noise exposure, including
conditions like presbycusis.
What are ototoxic medications? -
-Solution-Medications that can cause hearing loss, including
aminoglycosides, aspirin, erectile dysfunction drugs, and loop diuretics.
What is allergic rhinitis and its pathophysiology? -
-Solution-An immune response to allergens (like pollen or dust) that
causes nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, often IgE-mediated.
What are the treatments for allergic rhinitis? -
-Solution-Avoidance of allergens, antihistamines, intranasal steroids,
and immunotherapy.
How does non-allergic rhinitis differ from allergic rhinitis? -
-Solution-Non-allergic rhinitis is triggered by irritants, not an immune
response, and symptoms are more persistent.
What is vasomotor rhinitis? -
-Solution-A non-allergic type of rhinitis caused by physiological
changes in temperature and humidity, leading to nasal inflammation.
What are the signs of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -
-Solution-Facial pain and purulent nasal discharge lasting more than 10
days.
