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,Chapter 01: The Past, Present, and Future
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MULTIPLE CHOICE b
1. A patient chooses to have the certified nurse-midwife (CNM) provide care during her
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b pregnancy. What does the CNM’s scope of practice include?b b b b b b b b
a. Practice independent from medical supervision b b b b
b. Comprehensive prenatal care b b
c. Attendance at all deliveries b b b
d. Cesarean sections b
ANS: B b
The CNM provides comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care, attends uncomplicated
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deliveries, and ensures that a backup physician is available in case of unforeseen problems.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 b b b b b b b
TOP: Advance Practice Nursing Roles
b KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation b b b b b b b
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of
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Disease
b
2. Which medical pioneer discovered the relationship between the incidence of puerperal fever
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b and unwashed hands?
b b
a. Karl Credé b
b. Ignaz Semmelweis b
c. Louis Pasteur b
d. Joseph Lister b
ANS: B b
Ignaz Semmelweis deduced that puerperal fever was septic, contagious, and transmitted by the
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bunwashed hands of physicians and medical students. b b b b b b
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: b b b b
b1 TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
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MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
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3. A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated to the United States comments to the nurse,
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b“I am afraid of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I will die.” What is the best nursing
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bresponse reflecting cultural sensitivity? b b b
a. “Maternal mortality in the United States is extremely low.” b b b b b b b b
b. “Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labor and childbirth.” b b b b b b b b b
c. “Tell me why you are afraid of childbirth.”
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d. “Your condition will be monitored during labor and delivery.”
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ANS: C b
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes patient
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care.
b
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 6-8 OBJ: 8 b b b b b b b
TOP: Cross-Cultural Care
b KEY: Nursing Process Step: b b b b
Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychological Adaptation
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,4. An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What information
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b does this provide?
b b
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year b b b b b b b b b
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
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c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
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d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
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ANS: D b
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13 | Box b b b b b b
1.6 OBJ: 9
b b TOP: The Present-Child Care b b b b
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
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MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
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5. What is the focus of current maternity practice?
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a. Hospital births for the majority of women b b b b b b
b. The traditional family unit b b b
c. Separation of labor rooms from delivery rooms b b b b b b
d. A quality family experience for each patient
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ANS: D b
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families,
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traditional or otherwise.
b b b
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 b b b b b
TOP: The Present-Maternity Care
b b KEY: Nursing Process Step:
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N/A MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Who advocated the establishment of the Children’s Bureau?
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a. Lillian Wald b
b. Florence Nightingale b
c. Florence Kelly b
d. Clara Barton b
ANS: A b
Lillian Wald is credited with suggesting the establishment of a federal Children’s Bureau.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 | b b b b b b
2 TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
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MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
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7. What was the result of research done in the 1930s by the Children’s Bureau?
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a. Children with heart problems are now cared for by pediatric cardiologists.
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b. The Child Abuse and Prevention Act was passed.
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c. Hot lunch programs were established in many schools.
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d. Children’s asylums were founded. b b b
ANS: C b
School hot lunch programs were developed as a result of research by the Children’s Bureau on
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the effects of economic depression on children.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge b b REF: b b p. 4 b OBJ: b b 2|3 b b
, TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
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MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coordinated Care
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8. What government program was implemented to increase the educational exposure of
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bpreschool children? b
a. WIC
b. Title XIX of Medicaid b b b
c. The Children’s Charter b b
d. Head Start b
ANS: D b
Head Start programs were established to increase educational exposure of preschool children.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3 b b b b b b b
TOP: Government Influences in Maternity and Pediatric Care KEY: Nursing Process Step:
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N/A MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
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9. What guidelines define multidisciplinary patient care in terms of expected outcome and
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btimeframe from different areas of care provision?
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a. Clinical pathways b
b. Nursing outcome criteria b b
c. Standards of care b b
d. Nursing care plan b b
ANS: A b
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines
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that define patient care across disciplines. Expected progress within a specified timeline is
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identified.
b
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 13 OBJ: 10 b b b b b
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems
b b KEY: Nursing Process Step:
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N/A MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
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10. A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her mother,
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band collected admission data. What is the next step the student will take to develop a nursing
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bcare plan for this child?
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a. Identify measurable outcomes with a timeline. b b b b b
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child.
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c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses. b b b
d. State nursing actions related to the child’s medical diagnosis.
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ANS: C b
The nurse uses assessment data to select appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and
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interventions are then developed to address the relevant nursing diagnoses.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 12 OBJ: 7 b b b b b b b
TOP: Nursing Processb KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing
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Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
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11. A nursing student on an obstetric rotation questions the floor nurse about the definition of the
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bLVN/LPN scope of practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to the student?
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a. American Nurses Association b b