NUR 4032 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Injection techniques
intravenous = vein 25 degrees
intramuscular = muscle 90 degrees
subcutaneous = subcutaneous tissue 45 degrees
intradermal = dermis 10-15 degrees
toddler injection site = Deltoid (arm) vastus lateralis
why administer via injection?
drug absorption/destruction
alternative to oral route
speed of absorption
local effect is required
patient intolerance
nausea & vomiting
NHS England screening programmes
pregnancy
new born
diabetic eye screening
cervical
breast
bowel cancer
abnormal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
Health screening
,obesity
smoking
alcohol
drug misuse
diabetes
early years
Infection control
defences against infectious organisms
natural =
tears
nose (mucous)
skin
reproductive system
mouth - friendly bacteria
lungs
large intestine
The Chain of Infection
1. Infectious Agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of Exit
4. Mode of Transmission
5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
Standard Precautions
, hand hygiene
ppe
clinical waste
risk assessment
hand gel
sharps disposal
vaccinations
isolation
environmental cleaning & decontamination
decontamination of medical equipment
single use items
blood spillage kits
linen disposal
Mental health in older people
Depression is the most common form of mental illness affecting
older people. 1 in 5 over 65 suffer.
Risk factors for depression
Loss - bereavement, retirement, social contacts, pets
Changes in physical health
poverty
social isolation & loneliness
physical illness & some medications
Hallucinations
a false perception in the absence of any external stimulus or
trigger e.g hearing voices, seeing something that others can't
Delusions
SOLUTIONS
Injection techniques
intravenous = vein 25 degrees
intramuscular = muscle 90 degrees
subcutaneous = subcutaneous tissue 45 degrees
intradermal = dermis 10-15 degrees
toddler injection site = Deltoid (arm) vastus lateralis
why administer via injection?
drug absorption/destruction
alternative to oral route
speed of absorption
local effect is required
patient intolerance
nausea & vomiting
NHS England screening programmes
pregnancy
new born
diabetic eye screening
cervical
breast
bowel cancer
abnormal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
Health screening
,obesity
smoking
alcohol
drug misuse
diabetes
early years
Infection control
defences against infectious organisms
natural =
tears
nose (mucous)
skin
reproductive system
mouth - friendly bacteria
lungs
large intestine
The Chain of Infection
1. Infectious Agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of Exit
4. Mode of Transmission
5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
Standard Precautions
, hand hygiene
ppe
clinical waste
risk assessment
hand gel
sharps disposal
vaccinations
isolation
environmental cleaning & decontamination
decontamination of medical equipment
single use items
blood spillage kits
linen disposal
Mental health in older people
Depression is the most common form of mental illness affecting
older people. 1 in 5 over 65 suffer.
Risk factors for depression
Loss - bereavement, retirement, social contacts, pets
Changes in physical health
poverty
social isolation & loneliness
physical illness & some medications
Hallucinations
a false perception in the absence of any external stimulus or
trigger e.g hearing voices, seeing something that others can't
Delusions
