NUTRITION 331 MIDTERM EXAM 140 QUESTIONS &
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST 2026
Nutrition is defined as - ANSWER-The study of the function and interaction of
nutrients, and the processes by which the body uses them.
An essential nutrient is not - ANSWER-Synthesized by the body in sufficient
quantity.
In a complete chemical analysis of food, in general, the greatest component would
be - ANSWER-water
An organic compound can be defined as - ANSWER-a substance or molecule
containing carbon
A nutritional deficiency can be detected in its earliest stages by - ANSWER-
Laboratory tests of urine and blood samples
A method of obtaining dietary information suited for large nutrition survey -
ANSWER-food frequency
List the six major classes of nutrients - ANSWER-Carbohydrates, lipids (fats),
protein, vitamins, minerals, and water.
A food composition table can be used to determine the amount of iron actually
absorbed by the body from a serving of liver consumed. - ANSWER-False. Food
,composition tables only give nutrient values present in the food; they do not
consider the absorption rate, which differs depending on the presence or absence of
enhancing or inhibiting factors.
A nutrient source that yields MORE energy than 4 kcalories per gram. -
ANSWER-Plant fats
an example of a micronutrient - ANSWER-iron
What is the AMDR for fat? - ANSWER-20 to 35 percent of energy
An example of an anthropometric measure? - ANSWER-Body weight
What type of deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption of a nutrient? -
ANSWER-secondary
A case-control study is carried out to determine the relationship between diet and
colon cancer. The result indicates that subjects with a high cholesterol intake have
a 30% higher risk of cancer. Does this result mean that dietary cholesterol causes
colon cancer? - ANSWER-The evidence cited does not necessarily mean that
dietary cholesterol causes colon cancer; it may be a case of guilt by association. In
other words, the real cause may not be cholesterol but some other food component
associated with cholesterol. Also, there may be an error in diet assessment. For
example, subjects with colon cancer may have changed their diets in the period
before their diets were assessed.
An epidemiological study reveals that populations whose members consume diets
low in cereals have a high incidence of prostate cancer. Does this result mean that
cereals prevent prostate cancer? - ANSWER-The evidence cited does not
necessarily mean that cereals prevent prostate cancer; it may also be a case of guilt
, by association. The real cause of prostate cancer may be a food inversely
associated with cereals. There may also be important errors in the data. For
example, populations with a high intake of cereals may under-report prostate
cancer.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of anecdotal studies as a means of
investigating the dietary causes of diseases - ANSWER-Anecdotal studies may
allow the recognition of relationships between diet and disease, but only if they
involve large numbers of t reports of similar symptoms (for example, in "Chinese
Restaurant Syndrome," or in reports of the side effects of drugs). In many cases,
however, anecdotal reports are too individual and too difficult to reproduce to be
accepted as concrete evidence. They can suggest areas of research, but cannot
prove anything.
Why do intervention studies use control groups? Why are subjects in those groups
given placebos? - ANSWER-Intervention studies use control groups to ensure that
the treatment under study that is actually causing any observed change in the
disease factor. Subjects in the control group are given a placebo that as nearly as
possible duplicates the actual treatment to negate the placebo effect. The placebo
effect is the tendency of patients to report feeling better no matter what treatment
they receive. If patients in both groups are "blind" about who is receiving the real
treatment and who is not, the results are more likely to show a real relationship
between treatment and change in health status. Intervention studies use a control
group to ensure that it is actually the treatment under study that is causing any
observed change in the disease factor.
What is the meaning of a double-blind experiment? - ANSWER-Neither subjects
nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group
What is the benefit of using a large sample size in an experiment? - ANSWER-The
effect of chance variation is minimized
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST 2026
Nutrition is defined as - ANSWER-The study of the function and interaction of
nutrients, and the processes by which the body uses them.
An essential nutrient is not - ANSWER-Synthesized by the body in sufficient
quantity.
In a complete chemical analysis of food, in general, the greatest component would
be - ANSWER-water
An organic compound can be defined as - ANSWER-a substance or molecule
containing carbon
A nutritional deficiency can be detected in its earliest stages by - ANSWER-
Laboratory tests of urine and blood samples
A method of obtaining dietary information suited for large nutrition survey -
ANSWER-food frequency
List the six major classes of nutrients - ANSWER-Carbohydrates, lipids (fats),
protein, vitamins, minerals, and water.
A food composition table can be used to determine the amount of iron actually
absorbed by the body from a serving of liver consumed. - ANSWER-False. Food
,composition tables only give nutrient values present in the food; they do not
consider the absorption rate, which differs depending on the presence or absence of
enhancing or inhibiting factors.
A nutrient source that yields MORE energy than 4 kcalories per gram. -
ANSWER-Plant fats
an example of a micronutrient - ANSWER-iron
What is the AMDR for fat? - ANSWER-20 to 35 percent of energy
An example of an anthropometric measure? - ANSWER-Body weight
What type of deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption of a nutrient? -
ANSWER-secondary
A case-control study is carried out to determine the relationship between diet and
colon cancer. The result indicates that subjects with a high cholesterol intake have
a 30% higher risk of cancer. Does this result mean that dietary cholesterol causes
colon cancer? - ANSWER-The evidence cited does not necessarily mean that
dietary cholesterol causes colon cancer; it may be a case of guilt by association. In
other words, the real cause may not be cholesterol but some other food component
associated with cholesterol. Also, there may be an error in diet assessment. For
example, subjects with colon cancer may have changed their diets in the period
before their diets were assessed.
An epidemiological study reveals that populations whose members consume diets
low in cereals have a high incidence of prostate cancer. Does this result mean that
cereals prevent prostate cancer? - ANSWER-The evidence cited does not
necessarily mean that cereals prevent prostate cancer; it may also be a case of guilt
, by association. The real cause of prostate cancer may be a food inversely
associated with cereals. There may also be important errors in the data. For
example, populations with a high intake of cereals may under-report prostate
cancer.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of anecdotal studies as a means of
investigating the dietary causes of diseases - ANSWER-Anecdotal studies may
allow the recognition of relationships between diet and disease, but only if they
involve large numbers of t reports of similar symptoms (for example, in "Chinese
Restaurant Syndrome," or in reports of the side effects of drugs). In many cases,
however, anecdotal reports are too individual and too difficult to reproduce to be
accepted as concrete evidence. They can suggest areas of research, but cannot
prove anything.
Why do intervention studies use control groups? Why are subjects in those groups
given placebos? - ANSWER-Intervention studies use control groups to ensure that
the treatment under study that is actually causing any observed change in the
disease factor. Subjects in the control group are given a placebo that as nearly as
possible duplicates the actual treatment to negate the placebo effect. The placebo
effect is the tendency of patients to report feeling better no matter what treatment
they receive. If patients in both groups are "blind" about who is receiving the real
treatment and who is not, the results are more likely to show a real relationship
between treatment and change in health status. Intervention studies use a control
group to ensure that it is actually the treatment under study that is causing any
observed change in the disease factor.
What is the meaning of a double-blind experiment? - ANSWER-Neither subjects
nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group
What is the benefit of using a large sample size in an experiment? - ANSWER-The
effect of chance variation is minimized
