CSD 431 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Habilitation - Answer-Develop skill not present beforehand
Infants/children
Congenital or pre-lingual onset
History of rehabilitative alternatives - Answer-•1500s Pedro Ponce de Léon of Spain
•
•1700 Oral approach in France (fingerspelling, sign language and speechreading)
•
•1800 Thomas Gallaudet learned de L'Épée's manual method in Paris. He returned to
the United States and opened his own successful school.
•
•1800s The manual approach to teaching persons who were deaf remained the major
force until ________________________________________
popularized speechreading and oral methods.
•1940s Rehabilitate whom? Birth of ____________________
•1970's Dispensing of hearing aids
• 2000s EBP-stronger emphasis upon this
rahabilitation assessment procedures - Answer-1.Communication(assessing through
audiometry and self-report);
2.Overall participation variables (psychological, social, educational, and vocational
factors);
3.Related personal factors;
4.Environmental factors.
management procedures - Answer-1.Counseling and psychosocial aspects (which
includes an effort to help clients accept the hearing loss and set reasonable goals);
2.Audibility or amplification aspects (devices/others);
3.Remediation of communication activities;
Environmental coordination/participation improvement
services included in AR plan - Answer-uDiagnosis & quantification of hearing loss
uHearing assistance technologies
uAuditory training
uCommunication strategies training
uInformational/educational counseling
uPersonal adjustment counseling
uPsychological support
uCommunication partner training
uSpeech reading training
uSpeech-language therapy
,uInservice training
components of a hearing evaluation - Answer-•Otoscopy (looking in your ear)
•Pure Tone Audiometry
•Air Conduction
•Bone Conduction
•Masking?
•Speech Audiometry
•
•Tympanometry
•
•Acoustic Reflexes
•Otoacoustic Emissions
air conduction - Answer-air near the ear. Involves ear canal and eardrum. Normal
means of sound transmission. Sound goes in through pinna and then through the rest of
the ear. Starts in pinna then goes through auditory system. Doesn't bypass anything
bone conduction - Answer-occurs through vibrations picked up by ear's special nervous
system.
It bypasses the outer and middle ear systems
air conduction audiometry - Answer-•Air conduction is the normal means of sound
transmission in day-to-day situations.
•Pure tone air conduction audiometry determines the loudness or intensity threshold in
dB at which a person just begins to hear sound for this normal mode of sound
transmission.
threshold - Answer-the lowest sound that someone can hear 50% of the time (for that
frequency)
air conduction audiometry part 2 - Answer-•The air-conducted signal is presented by a
transducer; either supra-aural or insert earphones.
•Results represent degree of sensitivity of entire auditory system.
•Findings cannot localize site of damage (etiology of hearing loss).
•Further testing must be completed to make determination between conductive and
sensorineural pathology.
•To establish etiology, bone conduction audiometry must be completed and results used
in conjunction with the air conduction findings.
response mode (air conduction audiometry?) - Answer-•Hand raising technique
, •Patient response button
•Play audiometry techniques
•Visual reinforcement techniques
•Behavioral observation audiometry
audiogram information - Answer-y axis is levels of loudness (quiet at the top and loud at
the bottom)
X axis is low pitches to high pitches
Normal hearing for child is different than normal hearing for adult
air conduction audiometry - Answer-Testing is completed one ear at a time and one
frequency at a time, typically will start in the right ear or better ear if known at 1000 HZ
first, then 2000, 4000, 8000, repeat teasting at 1000 hz as a reliability test then go down
to 500 and 250 hz
At each frequency, the initial intensity of the sound will be presented at a decibel level
that is assumed to be higher (louder) than the level at which the person just begins to
hear
This is how the patient is familiarized with the sound stimulus
Each time the listener responds that the sound has been heard, the intensity is
increased by 10 dB, each time the person does not hear the sound, increased by 5dB
Intensity level is continuously increased and decreased until audiologist finds thedblevel
that the patient responds to ½ of the time with theminimum # of responses needed
todterminethe threshold of hearing between 2/3 responses at a single frequency
Normal and borderline normal hearing sensitivity - Answer-•From -10 dB HL to 15 dB
HL
•Historically considered up to 25 dB HL
•What is "borderline normal hearing" (see Figure 9.3 in the text)
•Concept of "incidental learning"
minimal/slight degree of hearing loss - Answer-•From 16 dB HL to 25 dB HL
•Minimal/slight ≠ minimal/slight impact
•Impact on speech-language development
•Social/emotional impact
•Intervention
mild degree of hearing loss - Answer-•From 26 dB HL to 40 dB HL
•Terminology is misleading.
•Simulate the experience by closing off the tragus
•Can miss 25% to 40% of speech signal
•Impact on speech-language development
•Social/emotional impact
•Intervention
•Range of responses from 41 dB HL to 55 dB HL
•Can miss up to 80% of average level conversational speech (50 dB HL)
•Impact on speech-language development
AND ANSWERS
Habilitation - Answer-Develop skill not present beforehand
Infants/children
Congenital or pre-lingual onset
History of rehabilitative alternatives - Answer-•1500s Pedro Ponce de Léon of Spain
•
•1700 Oral approach in France (fingerspelling, sign language and speechreading)
•
•1800 Thomas Gallaudet learned de L'Épée's manual method in Paris. He returned to
the United States and opened his own successful school.
•
•1800s The manual approach to teaching persons who were deaf remained the major
force until ________________________________________
popularized speechreading and oral methods.
•1940s Rehabilitate whom? Birth of ____________________
•1970's Dispensing of hearing aids
• 2000s EBP-stronger emphasis upon this
rahabilitation assessment procedures - Answer-1.Communication(assessing through
audiometry and self-report);
2.Overall participation variables (psychological, social, educational, and vocational
factors);
3.Related personal factors;
4.Environmental factors.
management procedures - Answer-1.Counseling and psychosocial aspects (which
includes an effort to help clients accept the hearing loss and set reasonable goals);
2.Audibility or amplification aspects (devices/others);
3.Remediation of communication activities;
Environmental coordination/participation improvement
services included in AR plan - Answer-uDiagnosis & quantification of hearing loss
uHearing assistance technologies
uAuditory training
uCommunication strategies training
uInformational/educational counseling
uPersonal adjustment counseling
uPsychological support
uCommunication partner training
uSpeech reading training
uSpeech-language therapy
,uInservice training
components of a hearing evaluation - Answer-•Otoscopy (looking in your ear)
•Pure Tone Audiometry
•Air Conduction
•Bone Conduction
•Masking?
•Speech Audiometry
•
•Tympanometry
•
•Acoustic Reflexes
•Otoacoustic Emissions
air conduction - Answer-air near the ear. Involves ear canal and eardrum. Normal
means of sound transmission. Sound goes in through pinna and then through the rest of
the ear. Starts in pinna then goes through auditory system. Doesn't bypass anything
bone conduction - Answer-occurs through vibrations picked up by ear's special nervous
system.
It bypasses the outer and middle ear systems
air conduction audiometry - Answer-•Air conduction is the normal means of sound
transmission in day-to-day situations.
•Pure tone air conduction audiometry determines the loudness or intensity threshold in
dB at which a person just begins to hear sound for this normal mode of sound
transmission.
threshold - Answer-the lowest sound that someone can hear 50% of the time (for that
frequency)
air conduction audiometry part 2 - Answer-•The air-conducted signal is presented by a
transducer; either supra-aural or insert earphones.
•Results represent degree of sensitivity of entire auditory system.
•Findings cannot localize site of damage (etiology of hearing loss).
•Further testing must be completed to make determination between conductive and
sensorineural pathology.
•To establish etiology, bone conduction audiometry must be completed and results used
in conjunction with the air conduction findings.
response mode (air conduction audiometry?) - Answer-•Hand raising technique
, •Patient response button
•Play audiometry techniques
•Visual reinforcement techniques
•Behavioral observation audiometry
audiogram information - Answer-y axis is levels of loudness (quiet at the top and loud at
the bottom)
X axis is low pitches to high pitches
Normal hearing for child is different than normal hearing for adult
air conduction audiometry - Answer-Testing is completed one ear at a time and one
frequency at a time, typically will start in the right ear or better ear if known at 1000 HZ
first, then 2000, 4000, 8000, repeat teasting at 1000 hz as a reliability test then go down
to 500 and 250 hz
At each frequency, the initial intensity of the sound will be presented at a decibel level
that is assumed to be higher (louder) than the level at which the person just begins to
hear
This is how the patient is familiarized with the sound stimulus
Each time the listener responds that the sound has been heard, the intensity is
increased by 10 dB, each time the person does not hear the sound, increased by 5dB
Intensity level is continuously increased and decreased until audiologist finds thedblevel
that the patient responds to ½ of the time with theminimum # of responses needed
todterminethe threshold of hearing between 2/3 responses at a single frequency
Normal and borderline normal hearing sensitivity - Answer-•From -10 dB HL to 15 dB
HL
•Historically considered up to 25 dB HL
•What is "borderline normal hearing" (see Figure 9.3 in the text)
•Concept of "incidental learning"
minimal/slight degree of hearing loss - Answer-•From 16 dB HL to 25 dB HL
•Minimal/slight ≠ minimal/slight impact
•Impact on speech-language development
•Social/emotional impact
•Intervention
mild degree of hearing loss - Answer-•From 26 dB HL to 40 dB HL
•Terminology is misleading.
•Simulate the experience by closing off the tragus
•Can miss 25% to 40% of speech signal
•Impact on speech-language development
•Social/emotional impact
•Intervention
•Range of responses from 41 dB HL to 55 dB HL
•Can miss up to 80% of average level conversational speech (50 dB HL)
•Impact on speech-language development
