Joyce University NUR198 Exam 1
Questions Answered Correctly (Qs)
2026 update
integumentary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -
decreased skin turgor, subcutaneous fat, and connective tissue leading to wrinkles and dry, transparent
skin
- thickened fingernails and toenails
cardiovascular/pulmonary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased chest
wall movement, vital capacity, and cilia
-reduced cardiac output
-decreased peripheral circulation
-increased BP
neurologic changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -slower reaction time
-decreased senses (touch, smell, taste)
-decreased visual acuity
-night blindness
-inability to hear high-pitched sounds
-reduced spatial awareness
gastrointestinal changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased saliva production
-decreased digestive enzymes
-decreased intestinal motility leading to constipation
,-increased dental problems
musculoskeletal changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased height
-decreased muscle strength + tone
-bone decalcification
-joint degeneration
genitourinary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased bladder capacity
-prostate hypertrophy (males)
-decrease in estrogen + testosterone production
-atrophy of breast tissue (females)
endocrine changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -lowered T3 production
-decreased sensitivity to insulin
immune system changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased antibodies
-increased AUTOimmune response
-decreased core body temp
-decreased T-Cell function
-decreased stress response
-decreased response to immunizations
A nurse is obtaining a health history from an older adult client as part of a comprehensive physical
examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as associated with aging? (SATA)
A. skin thickening
B. increased saliva production
, C. decreased height
D. nail thickening
E. decreased bladder capacity - CORRECT ANSWERS C, D, E
delirium - CORRECT ANSWERS -acute + temporary
-often caused by physiological source or change in environment
-1st manifestation of UTI in older adults
What is often the 1st manifestation of a UTI in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS delirium
dementia - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic, progressive
Ex. Alzheimer's, vascular dementia
A nurse is counseling an older adult who describes having difficulty dealing with several issues. Which of
the following problems verbalized by the client should the nurse identify as the priority?
A. "I spent my whole life dreaming about retirement, and now I wish I had my job back."
B. "It's been so stressful for me to have to depend on my child to help around the house."
C. "I just heard my friend Al died. That's the third one in 3 months."
D. "I keep forgetting which medications I have taken during the day." - CORRECT ANSWERS D.
"I keep forgetting which medications I have taken during the day."
Explanation: The nurse should identify that the greatest risk to this client is injury from overdosing or
underdosing medications due to loss of short-term memory. The priority issue is to assist the client to
implement safe medication strategies. Assist the client to use a pill organizer to help them remember to
take their medications and to keep a list of all current medications.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which of the following is an expected age-related physiological
change for which the nurse should monitor?
Questions Answered Correctly (Qs)
2026 update
integumentary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -
decreased skin turgor, subcutaneous fat, and connective tissue leading to wrinkles and dry, transparent
skin
- thickened fingernails and toenails
cardiovascular/pulmonary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased chest
wall movement, vital capacity, and cilia
-reduced cardiac output
-decreased peripheral circulation
-increased BP
neurologic changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -slower reaction time
-decreased senses (touch, smell, taste)
-decreased visual acuity
-night blindness
-inability to hear high-pitched sounds
-reduced spatial awareness
gastrointestinal changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased saliva production
-decreased digestive enzymes
-decreased intestinal motility leading to constipation
,-increased dental problems
musculoskeletal changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased height
-decreased muscle strength + tone
-bone decalcification
-joint degeneration
genitourinary changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased bladder capacity
-prostate hypertrophy (males)
-decrease in estrogen + testosterone production
-atrophy of breast tissue (females)
endocrine changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -lowered T3 production
-decreased sensitivity to insulin
immune system changes of older adults - CORRECT ANSWERS -decreased antibodies
-increased AUTOimmune response
-decreased core body temp
-decreased T-Cell function
-decreased stress response
-decreased response to immunizations
A nurse is obtaining a health history from an older adult client as part of a comprehensive physical
examination. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as associated with aging? (SATA)
A. skin thickening
B. increased saliva production
, C. decreased height
D. nail thickening
E. decreased bladder capacity - CORRECT ANSWERS C, D, E
delirium - CORRECT ANSWERS -acute + temporary
-often caused by physiological source or change in environment
-1st manifestation of UTI in older adults
What is often the 1st manifestation of a UTI in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS delirium
dementia - CORRECT ANSWERS Chronic, progressive
Ex. Alzheimer's, vascular dementia
A nurse is counseling an older adult who describes having difficulty dealing with several issues. Which of
the following problems verbalized by the client should the nurse identify as the priority?
A. "I spent my whole life dreaming about retirement, and now I wish I had my job back."
B. "It's been so stressful for me to have to depend on my child to help around the house."
C. "I just heard my friend Al died. That's the third one in 3 months."
D. "I keep forgetting which medications I have taken during the day." - CORRECT ANSWERS D.
"I keep forgetting which medications I have taken during the day."
Explanation: The nurse should identify that the greatest risk to this client is injury from overdosing or
underdosing medications due to loss of short-term memory. The priority issue is to assist the client to
implement safe medication strategies. Assist the client to use a pill organizer to help them remember to
take their medications and to keep a list of all current medications.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which of the following is an expected age-related physiological
change for which the nurse should monitor?
