Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3 Test Bank A&P Cellular Structure and Tissue Questions PDF Human Anatomy & Physiology Exam Prep Chapter 3 A&P Study Guide

plasma membrane


forms the outer boundary of the cell, through which the cell interacts with its external
environment


nucleus


directs cell activities, most of which take place in the cytoplasm; usually located near the
center of the cell


organelle


specialized structure that performs a specific function


intracellular


substances inside the cell


extracellular


substances outside the cell


membrane potential


charge difference across the plasma membrane resulting from the regulation of ion
movement


glycocalyx


collection of glycolipids, glycoproteins and carbohydrates on the outer surface of the
plasma membrane


phospholipids and cholesterol


predominant lipids of the plasma membrane


liquid bilayer


double layer of phospholipid molecules

, hydrophilic


"water-loving"


hydrophobic


"water-fearing"


fluid-mosaic model


model suggesting that the plasma membrane is neither rigid nor static in structure, but is
highly flexible and can change its shape and composition through time


cholesterol


limits the movement of phospholipids, providing stability to the plasma membrane


marker molecule


cell surface molecule that allows a cell to identify other cells or other molecules


glycoprotein


protein with attached carbohydrate


glycolipid


lipid with attached carbohydrate


integral (intrinsic) protein


protein molecule that penetrates deeply into the lipid bilayer


peripheral (extrinsic) protein


protein molecule attached to either the inner or outer surface of the lipid bilayer


attachment protein


integral protein that allows a cell to attach to other cells or to extracellular molecules