ALS
1. what is the preva- 2-5 cases per 100,000
lence of ALS
2. when is the average late 50s and early 60s
age onset of ALS
3. what is the etiology there is neuron degeneration which is a result from multiple factors
of ALS
4. what are some fac- abnormal protein accumulation, glutamate ecotoxicity, cortical hyperexcitability,
tors that contribute clumping of neurofilament proteins, and neuroinflammation
to neuron degener-
ation in ALS
5. what are the known males, age, family history, regional clusters (europe, north america, and japan),
risk factors for ALS disease causing mutations
6. what are some pro- neurotoxicant exposures, lifestyle risk factors, certain occupation characteris-
posed risk factors tics, diet, trauma, and vigorous physical activity
for ALS
7. is ALS an UMN or it is a mix of both
LMN disease
8. what is effected corticospinal, corticobulbar tracts, and motor cortex
with the UMN side
of als
9. what is effected in anterior horn cells, and cranial nerve nuclei
the LMN part of als
10. what is the general mix of upper motor and lower motor neuron symptoms, respiratory compro-
presentation of als mise, cognition, fatigue, and all patients will eventually develop both limb and
bulbar symptoms
1/4
1. what is the preva- 2-5 cases per 100,000
lence of ALS
2. when is the average late 50s and early 60s
age onset of ALS
3. what is the etiology there is neuron degeneration which is a result from multiple factors
of ALS
4. what are some fac- abnormal protein accumulation, glutamate ecotoxicity, cortical hyperexcitability,
tors that contribute clumping of neurofilament proteins, and neuroinflammation
to neuron degener-
ation in ALS
5. what are the known males, age, family history, regional clusters (europe, north america, and japan),
risk factors for ALS disease causing mutations
6. what are some pro- neurotoxicant exposures, lifestyle risk factors, certain occupation characteris-
posed risk factors tics, diet, trauma, and vigorous physical activity
for ALS
7. is ALS an UMN or it is a mix of both
LMN disease
8. what is effected corticospinal, corticobulbar tracts, and motor cortex
with the UMN side
of als
9. what is effected in anterior horn cells, and cranial nerve nuclei
the LMN part of als
10. what is the general mix of upper motor and lower motor neuron symptoms, respiratory compro-
presentation of als mise, cognition, fatigue, and all patients will eventually develop both limb and
bulbar symptoms
1/4
