NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 1
Complete Test, Practice Questions,
Verified Answer Key, and Study Guide for
(Latest 2026 Edition)
Etiology -CORRECTANSWER Cause of particular disease on microscopic level
Pathogenesis -CORRECTANSWER Story of how disease develops
Atrophy -CORRECTANSWER Decrease in the size of the cells, results in reduced
tissue mass
Hypertrophy -CORRECTANSWER Increase in cell size, results in enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia -CORRECTANSWER Increased number of cells, results in enlarged tissue
mass
Metaplasia -CORRECTANSWER Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell
type, Ex: chronic smokers, cells lose cilia
Dysplasia -CORRECTANSWER Cells are different looking varying in size and shape
, Neoplasia -CORRECTANSWER New growth, commonly a tumor. May be malignant or
benign
Apoptosis -CORRECTANSWER Programmed cell death, normal occurrence in the body
Ischemia -CORRECTANSWER Deficit of oxygen in the cells
Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Reduced oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic -CORRECTANSWER illness or disease process because a medical process
was done ex: CAUTI
Autosomal Recessive Disorders -CORRECTANSWER Has to have two recessive
genes to have disease, only one recessive gene to be carrier ex: Cystic fibrosis, PKU
(phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs
Cystic fibrosis -CORRECTANSWER autosomal recessive disorder that causes thick
mucous secretions
PKU (phenylketonuria) -CORRECTANSWER autosomal recessive disorder that causes
an inability to metabolize phenylalanine. Can cause mental retardation. Pt must follow
strict very low protein diet
Complete Test, Practice Questions,
Verified Answer Key, and Study Guide for
(Latest 2026 Edition)
Etiology -CORRECTANSWER Cause of particular disease on microscopic level
Pathogenesis -CORRECTANSWER Story of how disease develops
Atrophy -CORRECTANSWER Decrease in the size of the cells, results in reduced
tissue mass
Hypertrophy -CORRECTANSWER Increase in cell size, results in enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia -CORRECTANSWER Increased number of cells, results in enlarged tissue
mass
Metaplasia -CORRECTANSWER Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell
type, Ex: chronic smokers, cells lose cilia
Dysplasia -CORRECTANSWER Cells are different looking varying in size and shape
, Neoplasia -CORRECTANSWER New growth, commonly a tumor. May be malignant or
benign
Apoptosis -CORRECTANSWER Programmed cell death, normal occurrence in the body
Ischemia -CORRECTANSWER Deficit of oxygen in the cells
Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Reduced oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic -CORRECTANSWER illness or disease process because a medical process
was done ex: CAUTI
Autosomal Recessive Disorders -CORRECTANSWER Has to have two recessive
genes to have disease, only one recessive gene to be carrier ex: Cystic fibrosis, PKU
(phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs
Cystic fibrosis -CORRECTANSWER autosomal recessive disorder that causes thick
mucous secretions
PKU (phenylketonuria) -CORRECTANSWER autosomal recessive disorder that causes
an inability to metabolize phenylalanine. Can cause mental retardation. Pt must follow
strict very low protein diet
