OB PEDIATRIC EXAMINATION STUDY GUIDE
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
▶ A client is receiving a chemotherapeutic agent intravenously through a
peripheral line. What is the nurse's first action when the client reports
burning at the site?
A) Apply a cold compress.
B) Discontinue the infusion.
C) Slow the rate of infusion.
D) Check for a blood return.. Answer: B
Both irritants and vesicants can cause tissue damage. If the nurse suspects
extravasation, he or she should immediately stop the infusion. Even if the
IV has a good blood return, some of the chemotherapeutic agent can still
be leaking into the tissues. Slowing the rate of infusion is not sufficient to
prevent further leakage and damage. Applying a cold compress may or
may not be the correct action, depending on the specific agent. However,
the compress would be applied only after the infusion has been
discontinued.
▶ which statement about a patient with a tube feeding indicates best
practice for patient safety & quality care?
A) if the tube becomes clogged, use 30 mL of water for flushing, while
applying gentle pressure with a 50 mL piston syringe
B) when administering medications, use cold water to dissolve the drug
before administering it
C) use cranberry juice to flush the tube if it is clogged
D) administer drugs down the feeding tube without flushing first, but flush
the feeding tube after the drug is given. Answer: A
▶ A client has a wound on his left trochanter that is 4 inches in diameter,
with black tissue at the perimeter, and bone is exposed. Which is the
nurse's best action?
A) Document as a stage I pressure ulcer and apply a transparent dressing.
,B) Document as a stage II pressure ulcer and start wet-to-dry gauze
treatments.
C) Document as a stage IV pressure ulcer and prepare the client for
débridement.
D) Document as a stage III pressure ulcer and start antibiotic therapy..
Answer: C
A stage IV ulcer is one in which skin loss is full thickness, with extensive
destruction, tissue necrosis, and/or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting
structures. Eschar may be present. When the bone of the trochanter area is
visible, tissue loss includes muscle loss. A potential intervention consists of
débridement of the necrotic tissue and a possible graft to promote healing.
▶ After initial placement of NG tubes is confirmed, how often must
placement be checked? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY?
A) before medication administration
B) it is not necessary to recheck placement
C) every 4-8 hours during feeding
D) before intermittent feeding
E) according to facility policy. Answer: A,C,E
▶ The nurse is preparing to administer tube feedings through a client's new
Salem sump nasogastric tube. The nurse is unable to withdraw any fluid
from the tube before starting the feeding. Which is the priority action of the
nurse?
A) Start the tube feeding as ordered and check the residual in 30 minutes.
B) Inject air into the nasogastric tube while auscultating the client's
epigastric area.
C) Lower the head of the client's bed and attempt to aspirate fluid again.
D) Obtain orders for a chest x-ray to confirm placement before starting the
feeding.. Answer: D
The nurse must verify tube placement before beginning any tube feeding or
administering any medications through a tube. The most accurate way to
determine placement is via chest x-ray. The nurse could cause the client to
aspirate if she or he started the feeding then checked later for placement.
Insufflation does not provide accurate results and should not be used to
,verify tube placement. The nurse must keep the client's head elevated at
least 30 degrees.
▶ A client has a urinary tract infection. Which assessment by the nurse is
most helpful?
A) Palpating and percussing the kidneys and bladder
B) Performing a bladder scan to assess post-void residual
C) Assessing medical history and current medical problems
D) Inquiring about recent travel to foreign countries. Answer: C
Clients who are severely immune compromised or who have diabetes
mellitus are more prone to fungal urinary tract infection. The nurse should
assess for these factors. A physical examination and a post-void residual
may be needed, but not until further information is obtained. Travel to
foreign countries probably would not be as important, because even if
exposed, the client needs some degree of immune compromise to develop
a fungal urinary tract infection.
▶ When a diabetic patient asks about maintaining adequate blood glucose
levels, which of the following statements by the nurse relates most directly
to the necessity of maintaining blood glucose levels no lower than about 74
mg/dl?
A) "Without a minimum level of glucose circulating in the blood,
erythrocytes cannot produce ATP."
B) "The presence of glucose in the blood counteracts the formation of lactic
acid and prevents acidosis."
C) "The central nervous system cannot store glucose and needs a
continuous supply of glucose for fuel."
D) "Glucose is the only type of fuel used by body cells to produce the
energy needed for physiologic activity.". Answer: C
The brain cannot synthesize or store significant amounts of glucose; thus a
continuous supply from the body's circulation is needed to meet the fuel
demands of the central nervous system.
▶ The nurse is caring for an overweight client who gained 10 pounds
during the previous 2 weeks. The client states that she is hungry all the
, time and doesn't understand why. Which assessment finding could explain
the client's weight gain and hunger?
A) The client's glycosylated hemoglobin level is 6%.
B) The client started taking dexamethasone (Decadron) daily.
C) The client started taking naproxen sodium (Naprosyn) daily.
D) The client's thyroxine (T4) level is 8 mcg/dL.. Answer: B
Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid. These drugs alter carbohydrate,
protein, and lipid metabolism, predisposing the client to obesity when taken
on a long-term basis. In addition, corticosteroids increase the client's
appetite. Naprosyn is an NSAID, which can lead to gastric upset and
ulceration and decreased appetite and weight loss. The client's
glycosylated hemoglobin and thyroid levels are within normal limits and
would not explain the hunger and weight gain.
▶ The nurse is prioritizing care to prevent pressure sores for a client who is
immobilized. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
A) Use a rubber ring to decrease sacral pressure when up in the chair.
B) Place a small pillow between bony surfaces.
C) Keep the heels off the bed surfaces.
D) Use a lift sheet to assist with repositioning.
E) Reposition the client who is in a chair every 2 hours.
F) Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
G) Limit fluids and proteins in the diet.. Answer: B,C,D
A small pillow decreases the risk for pressure between bony prominences,
a lift sheet decreases friction and shear, and heels have poor circulation
and are at high risk for pressure sores, so they should be kept off hard
surfaces. Head of the bed elevation greater than 30 degrees increases
pressure on pelvic soft tissues. Fluids and proteins are important for
maintaining tissue integrity. Clients should be repositioned every hour while
sitting in a chair. A rubber ring impairs capillary blood flow, increasing the
risk for a pressure sore.
▶ A client who first experienced symptoms related to a confirmed
thrombotic stroke 2 hours ago is brought to the intensive care unit. Which
prescribed medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
▶ A client is receiving a chemotherapeutic agent intravenously through a
peripheral line. What is the nurse's first action when the client reports
burning at the site?
A) Apply a cold compress.
B) Discontinue the infusion.
C) Slow the rate of infusion.
D) Check for a blood return.. Answer: B
Both irritants and vesicants can cause tissue damage. If the nurse suspects
extravasation, he or she should immediately stop the infusion. Even if the
IV has a good blood return, some of the chemotherapeutic agent can still
be leaking into the tissues. Slowing the rate of infusion is not sufficient to
prevent further leakage and damage. Applying a cold compress may or
may not be the correct action, depending on the specific agent. However,
the compress would be applied only after the infusion has been
discontinued.
▶ which statement about a patient with a tube feeding indicates best
practice for patient safety & quality care?
A) if the tube becomes clogged, use 30 mL of water for flushing, while
applying gentle pressure with a 50 mL piston syringe
B) when administering medications, use cold water to dissolve the drug
before administering it
C) use cranberry juice to flush the tube if it is clogged
D) administer drugs down the feeding tube without flushing first, but flush
the feeding tube after the drug is given. Answer: A
▶ A client has a wound on his left trochanter that is 4 inches in diameter,
with black tissue at the perimeter, and bone is exposed. Which is the
nurse's best action?
A) Document as a stage I pressure ulcer and apply a transparent dressing.
,B) Document as a stage II pressure ulcer and start wet-to-dry gauze
treatments.
C) Document as a stage IV pressure ulcer and prepare the client for
débridement.
D) Document as a stage III pressure ulcer and start antibiotic therapy..
Answer: C
A stage IV ulcer is one in which skin loss is full thickness, with extensive
destruction, tissue necrosis, and/or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting
structures. Eschar may be present. When the bone of the trochanter area is
visible, tissue loss includes muscle loss. A potential intervention consists of
débridement of the necrotic tissue and a possible graft to promote healing.
▶ After initial placement of NG tubes is confirmed, how often must
placement be checked? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY?
A) before medication administration
B) it is not necessary to recheck placement
C) every 4-8 hours during feeding
D) before intermittent feeding
E) according to facility policy. Answer: A,C,E
▶ The nurse is preparing to administer tube feedings through a client's new
Salem sump nasogastric tube. The nurse is unable to withdraw any fluid
from the tube before starting the feeding. Which is the priority action of the
nurse?
A) Start the tube feeding as ordered and check the residual in 30 minutes.
B) Inject air into the nasogastric tube while auscultating the client's
epigastric area.
C) Lower the head of the client's bed and attempt to aspirate fluid again.
D) Obtain orders for a chest x-ray to confirm placement before starting the
feeding.. Answer: D
The nurse must verify tube placement before beginning any tube feeding or
administering any medications through a tube. The most accurate way to
determine placement is via chest x-ray. The nurse could cause the client to
aspirate if she or he started the feeding then checked later for placement.
Insufflation does not provide accurate results and should not be used to
,verify tube placement. The nurse must keep the client's head elevated at
least 30 degrees.
▶ A client has a urinary tract infection. Which assessment by the nurse is
most helpful?
A) Palpating and percussing the kidneys and bladder
B) Performing a bladder scan to assess post-void residual
C) Assessing medical history and current medical problems
D) Inquiring about recent travel to foreign countries. Answer: C
Clients who are severely immune compromised or who have diabetes
mellitus are more prone to fungal urinary tract infection. The nurse should
assess for these factors. A physical examination and a post-void residual
may be needed, but not until further information is obtained. Travel to
foreign countries probably would not be as important, because even if
exposed, the client needs some degree of immune compromise to develop
a fungal urinary tract infection.
▶ When a diabetic patient asks about maintaining adequate blood glucose
levels, which of the following statements by the nurse relates most directly
to the necessity of maintaining blood glucose levels no lower than about 74
mg/dl?
A) "Without a minimum level of glucose circulating in the blood,
erythrocytes cannot produce ATP."
B) "The presence of glucose in the blood counteracts the formation of lactic
acid and prevents acidosis."
C) "The central nervous system cannot store glucose and needs a
continuous supply of glucose for fuel."
D) "Glucose is the only type of fuel used by body cells to produce the
energy needed for physiologic activity.". Answer: C
The brain cannot synthesize or store significant amounts of glucose; thus a
continuous supply from the body's circulation is needed to meet the fuel
demands of the central nervous system.
▶ The nurse is caring for an overweight client who gained 10 pounds
during the previous 2 weeks. The client states that she is hungry all the
, time and doesn't understand why. Which assessment finding could explain
the client's weight gain and hunger?
A) The client's glycosylated hemoglobin level is 6%.
B) The client started taking dexamethasone (Decadron) daily.
C) The client started taking naproxen sodium (Naprosyn) daily.
D) The client's thyroxine (T4) level is 8 mcg/dL.. Answer: B
Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid. These drugs alter carbohydrate,
protein, and lipid metabolism, predisposing the client to obesity when taken
on a long-term basis. In addition, corticosteroids increase the client's
appetite. Naprosyn is an NSAID, which can lead to gastric upset and
ulceration and decreased appetite and weight loss. The client's
glycosylated hemoglobin and thyroid levels are within normal limits and
would not explain the hunger and weight gain.
▶ The nurse is prioritizing care to prevent pressure sores for a client who is
immobilized. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
A) Use a rubber ring to decrease sacral pressure when up in the chair.
B) Place a small pillow between bony surfaces.
C) Keep the heels off the bed surfaces.
D) Use a lift sheet to assist with repositioning.
E) Reposition the client who is in a chair every 2 hours.
F) Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
G) Limit fluids and proteins in the diet.. Answer: B,C,D
A small pillow decreases the risk for pressure between bony prominences,
a lift sheet decreases friction and shear, and heels have poor circulation
and are at high risk for pressure sores, so they should be kept off hard
surfaces. Head of the bed elevation greater than 30 degrees increases
pressure on pelvic soft tissues. Fluids and proteins are important for
maintaining tissue integrity. Clients should be repositioned every hour while
sitting in a chair. A rubber ring impairs capillary blood flow, increasing the
risk for a pressure sore.
▶ A client who first experienced symptoms related to a confirmed
thrombotic stroke 2 hours ago is brought to the intensive care unit. Which
prescribed medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
