Health Assessment Exam 2
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
DETAILED ANSWERS!!|| LATEST UPDATE
2026
Lymph nodes of the Head and Neck
Preauricular, Posterior auricular, Occipital, Jugulodigastric, Superficial cervical,
Submandibular, Submental, Deep cervical chain, Posterior cervical, Supraclavicular
Caput Succedaneum and Cephalohematoma
swelling of a baby's head caused by the doctor's use of a vacuum or another tool to
speed up delivery
Caput Succedeum: pressure
Cephalohematoma: bleeding between the scalp and skull
Manifestations of fetal alcohol syndrome
Microcephaly (abnormally small head), small palpebral fissures, Smooth philtrum (space
between upper lip and nose), thin vermilion border (upper lip)
Kyphosis
Upper spine curves too far forming a hump
(hunchback)
Lordosis
Lower spine curves inward too much
,Subjective Health History of Eyes
Vision difficulty, Pain, Strabismus (eyes don't look in the same direction), diplopia,
redness, swelling, watering, discharge, past hx of ocular problems, glaucoma, use of
glasses or contacts, self-care
Objective data of Eyes
- Examine external structures
- Visual acuity CN II using Snellen Eye Chart
- Visual fields CN II with confrontation test
- Extraocular muscle function CN III, IV, VI with corneal light reflex, cover test, and 6
cardinal fields of gaze test
PERRLA
Assesses CN III, IV and VI
Pupils
Equal
Round
React to
Light and
Accommodation
Eyelid abnormalities
- Periorbital edema
- Exophthalmos (protruding eyes)
- Ptosis (drooping upper lid)
,- Ectropion (lower eyelid droops / turns outward)
- Entropion (lower eyelid turns inward)
- Chalazion (inflamed lump in oil gland of eyelid)
- Hordeolum (stye)
- Dacryocystitis (inflammation of the Lacrimal Sac)
External Eye abnormalities
- conjunctivitis
- subconjunctival hemorrhage
- iritis
- acute glaucoma
- pterygium (growth that starts on clear tissue and spreads to cornea, sun exposure)
- corneal abrasion
- hyphema (accumulation of RBCs in anterior chamber)
- anisocoria (unequal pupil size)
- miosis (small pupil)
- cataracts
How do you test visual acuity on children?
picture cards or 'E' chart
Patient health promotion for Eyes
- regular vision screening
- glaucoma screening
- wearing protective eyewear
Normal finding for fundus of the eye
, - Red reflex present bilaterally
- Discs flat with sharp margins
- vessels present in all quadrants
- retinal background has even color, no hemorrhage or exudate
Structures of the external ear
- Auricle or Pinna
- External auditory canal
- Tympanic membrane
Structures of the middle ear
- Malleus, incus, stapes
- Eustachian tube
Structures of the inner ear
- vestibule and semilunar canals
- cochlea
Subjective health history Ears
- earaches
- infections
- discharge
- hearing loss (conductive vs sensorineural)
- environmental noise
- tinnitus
- vertigo
- self care
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
DETAILED ANSWERS!!|| LATEST UPDATE
2026
Lymph nodes of the Head and Neck
Preauricular, Posterior auricular, Occipital, Jugulodigastric, Superficial cervical,
Submandibular, Submental, Deep cervical chain, Posterior cervical, Supraclavicular
Caput Succedaneum and Cephalohematoma
swelling of a baby's head caused by the doctor's use of a vacuum or another tool to
speed up delivery
Caput Succedeum: pressure
Cephalohematoma: bleeding between the scalp and skull
Manifestations of fetal alcohol syndrome
Microcephaly (abnormally small head), small palpebral fissures, Smooth philtrum (space
between upper lip and nose), thin vermilion border (upper lip)
Kyphosis
Upper spine curves too far forming a hump
(hunchback)
Lordosis
Lower spine curves inward too much
,Subjective Health History of Eyes
Vision difficulty, Pain, Strabismus (eyes don't look in the same direction), diplopia,
redness, swelling, watering, discharge, past hx of ocular problems, glaucoma, use of
glasses or contacts, self-care
Objective data of Eyes
- Examine external structures
- Visual acuity CN II using Snellen Eye Chart
- Visual fields CN II with confrontation test
- Extraocular muscle function CN III, IV, VI with corneal light reflex, cover test, and 6
cardinal fields of gaze test
PERRLA
Assesses CN III, IV and VI
Pupils
Equal
Round
React to
Light and
Accommodation
Eyelid abnormalities
- Periorbital edema
- Exophthalmos (protruding eyes)
- Ptosis (drooping upper lid)
,- Ectropion (lower eyelid droops / turns outward)
- Entropion (lower eyelid turns inward)
- Chalazion (inflamed lump in oil gland of eyelid)
- Hordeolum (stye)
- Dacryocystitis (inflammation of the Lacrimal Sac)
External Eye abnormalities
- conjunctivitis
- subconjunctival hemorrhage
- iritis
- acute glaucoma
- pterygium (growth that starts on clear tissue and spreads to cornea, sun exposure)
- corneal abrasion
- hyphema (accumulation of RBCs in anterior chamber)
- anisocoria (unequal pupil size)
- miosis (small pupil)
- cataracts
How do you test visual acuity on children?
picture cards or 'E' chart
Patient health promotion for Eyes
- regular vision screening
- glaucoma screening
- wearing protective eyewear
Normal finding for fundus of the eye
, - Red reflex present bilaterally
- Discs flat with sharp margins
- vessels present in all quadrants
- retinal background has even color, no hemorrhage or exudate
Structures of the external ear
- Auricle or Pinna
- External auditory canal
- Tympanic membrane
Structures of the middle ear
- Malleus, incus, stapes
- Eustachian tube
Structures of the inner ear
- vestibule and semilunar canals
- cochlea
Subjective health history Ears
- earaches
- infections
- discharge
- hearing loss (conductive vs sensorineural)
- environmental noise
- tinnitus
- vertigo
- self care
