Which BP regulating mechanism(s) can result in the development of hypertension
if defective (select all that apply)?
A. Release of norepinephrine
b. Secretion of prostaglandins
c. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
d. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
e. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
A. Release of norepinephrine
c. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
e. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
While obtaining subjective assessment data from a client with hypertension, the
nurse recognizes which of the following as a modifiable risk factor for the
development of hypertension?
A. Hyperlipidemia
b. Excessive alcohol intake
c. A family history of hypertension
d. Consumption of a high-carbohydrate, high-calcium diet
B. Excessive alcohol intake
The nurse includes which of the following ideas in teaching a client with
hypertension about controlling the condition?
A. All clients with elevated BP require medication.
B. It is not necessary to limit salt in the diet if taking a diuretic.
C. Obese people must achieve a normal weight in order to lower BP.
D. Lifestyle modifications are indicated for all people with elevated BP.
E. Lifestyle modifications are indicated for all people with elevated BP.
What is a major consideration in the management of an older adult with
hypertension?
A. Prevent pseudohypertension from converting to true hypertension.
B. Recognize that older adults are less likely to adhere to the drug therapy than
younger adults.
C. Ensure that the client receives larger initial doses of antihypertensive drugs
because of impaired absorption.
,D. Use careful technique in assessing the BP of the client because of the possible
presence of an auscultatory gap.
E. Use careful technique in assessing the BP of the client because of the
possible presence of an auscultatory gap.
A client with newly diagnosed hypertension has a blood pressure of 158/98 mm
Hg after 12 months of exercise and diet modifications. How does the nurse advise
the client?
A. Medication may be required because the BP is still not within the normal
range.
B. Continued monitoring of the BP every 3 to 6 months is all that will be
necessary for treatment.
C. Because lifestyle modifications were not effective, they do not need to be
continued and drugs will be used.
D. The client will have to make more vigorous changes in lifestyle if the client
wants to stay off medication for hypertension.
Which of the following are teaching points for patients with orthostatic
hypotension? (select all that apply)
a. Eat a low sodium diet
b. Avoid prolonged standing
c. Avoid cholesterol in diet
d. Avoid hot baths and showers
e. Rise slowly
B. Avoid prolonged standing
d. Avoid hot baths and showers
e. Rise slowly
What may occur if antihypertensive drugs are stopped abruptly?
A. Hypotensive crisis
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Rebound hypertension
d. Bradycardia
C. Rebound hypertension What
is hypertension?
,Sustained elevation of systemic arterial BP What
is coronary artery disease?
Type of blood vessel disorder that is included in the general category of
atherosclerosis.
A. Medication may be required because the BP is still not within the normal range
A patient is admitted to the hospital in hypertensive emergency (BP 244/142 mm
Hg). Sodium nitroprusside is started to treat the elevated BP. Which management
strategy(ies) would be appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply)
a. Measuring hourly urine output.
B. Decreasing the MAP by 50% within the first hour.
C. Continuous BP monitoring with an intraarterial line.
D. Maintaining bed rest and providing sedation to lower the BP.
E. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of heart failure and changes in
mental status.
A. Measuring hourly urine output.
C. Continuous BP monitoring with an intraarterial line
e. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of heart failure and changes in
mental status.
Affects heart's arteries and produces various pathological effects, especially the
reduced flow of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium.
How many people in Canada will experience a myocardial infarction in a given
year?
A. 20 000
b. 50 000
c. 70 000
d. 100 000 C. 70 000
A nurse is teaching a client about coronary artery disease. Which changes occur
in this disorder and should be included in the explanation? (Select all that apply)
a. Diffuse involvement of plaque formation in coronary veins
b. Abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins
c. Accumulation of lipid plaques or calcification within the coronary arteries
d. Development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle
e. Chronic vasoconstriction of coronary arteries leading to permanent
vasospasm
B. Abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins
c. Accumulation of lipid plaques or calcification within the coronary arteries
, d. Development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle
Which statement indicates that the client requires additional instruction in
reducing cardiac risk factors?
A. "I would like to add weightlifting to my exercise program."
b. "I can't keep my blood pressure normal without medication."
c. "I can change my diet to decrease my intake of saturated fats."
d. "I will change my lifestyle to reduce activities that increase my stress."
A. "I would like to add weightlifting to my exercise program."
A hospitalized client with angina tells the nurse that she is having chest pain.
A client is admitted to the ED with chest pain of 2 hours' duration, ECG findings
consistent with an acute MI, and occasional ventricular dysrhythmias. With what
pharmacological therapy would the nurse expect the client to be managed
initially?
A. Diuretics
b. Nitroglycerin spray
c. Β-Adrenergic blockers
d. Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator
B. Nitroglycerin spray
Five days after an MI, a client is restless and apprehensive. How can the nurse
assist the client?
A. By providing all care and doing everything for the client
b. By structuring the environment and the routine so that the client can rest
c. By allowing the client to participate in planning and carrying out activities
d. By encouraging the family to provide for the client's physical care and give
emotional support
C. By allowing the client to participate in planning and carrying out activities
What is the most common pathological finding in individuals experiencing SCD?
A. Cardiomyopathies
b. Mitral valve disease
c. Atherosclerotic heart disease
d. Left ventricular hypertrophy C. Atherosclerotic heart disease
SCD=sudden cardiac death
Which pt is most at risk for developing coronary artery disease?
A. Hypertensive pt who smokes cigarettes
b. An overweight pt who uses smokeless tobacco
c. Pt who has diabetes and uses methamphetamines
d. Sedentary pt who has elevated homocysteine levels
A. Hypertensive pt who smokes cigarettes
2 risk factors for coronary artery disease that increase the workload of the heart
and increase myocardial oxygen demand are:
if defective (select all that apply)?
A. Release of norepinephrine
b. Secretion of prostaglandins
c. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
d. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
e. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
A. Release of norepinephrine
c. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
e. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
While obtaining subjective assessment data from a client with hypertension, the
nurse recognizes which of the following as a modifiable risk factor for the
development of hypertension?
A. Hyperlipidemia
b. Excessive alcohol intake
c. A family history of hypertension
d. Consumption of a high-carbohydrate, high-calcium diet
B. Excessive alcohol intake
The nurse includes which of the following ideas in teaching a client with
hypertension about controlling the condition?
A. All clients with elevated BP require medication.
B. It is not necessary to limit salt in the diet if taking a diuretic.
C. Obese people must achieve a normal weight in order to lower BP.
D. Lifestyle modifications are indicated for all people with elevated BP.
E. Lifestyle modifications are indicated for all people with elevated BP.
What is a major consideration in the management of an older adult with
hypertension?
A. Prevent pseudohypertension from converting to true hypertension.
B. Recognize that older adults are less likely to adhere to the drug therapy than
younger adults.
C. Ensure that the client receives larger initial doses of antihypertensive drugs
because of impaired absorption.
,D. Use careful technique in assessing the BP of the client because of the possible
presence of an auscultatory gap.
E. Use careful technique in assessing the BP of the client because of the
possible presence of an auscultatory gap.
A client with newly diagnosed hypertension has a blood pressure of 158/98 mm
Hg after 12 months of exercise and diet modifications. How does the nurse advise
the client?
A. Medication may be required because the BP is still not within the normal
range.
B. Continued monitoring of the BP every 3 to 6 months is all that will be
necessary for treatment.
C. Because lifestyle modifications were not effective, they do not need to be
continued and drugs will be used.
D. The client will have to make more vigorous changes in lifestyle if the client
wants to stay off medication for hypertension.
Which of the following are teaching points for patients with orthostatic
hypotension? (select all that apply)
a. Eat a low sodium diet
b. Avoid prolonged standing
c. Avoid cholesterol in diet
d. Avoid hot baths and showers
e. Rise slowly
B. Avoid prolonged standing
d. Avoid hot baths and showers
e. Rise slowly
What may occur if antihypertensive drugs are stopped abruptly?
A. Hypotensive crisis
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Rebound hypertension
d. Bradycardia
C. Rebound hypertension What
is hypertension?
,Sustained elevation of systemic arterial BP What
is coronary artery disease?
Type of blood vessel disorder that is included in the general category of
atherosclerosis.
A. Medication may be required because the BP is still not within the normal range
A patient is admitted to the hospital in hypertensive emergency (BP 244/142 mm
Hg). Sodium nitroprusside is started to treat the elevated BP. Which management
strategy(ies) would be appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply)
a. Measuring hourly urine output.
B. Decreasing the MAP by 50% within the first hour.
C. Continuous BP monitoring with an intraarterial line.
D. Maintaining bed rest and providing sedation to lower the BP.
E. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of heart failure and changes in
mental status.
A. Measuring hourly urine output.
C. Continuous BP monitoring with an intraarterial line
e. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of heart failure and changes in
mental status.
Affects heart's arteries and produces various pathological effects, especially the
reduced flow of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium.
How many people in Canada will experience a myocardial infarction in a given
year?
A. 20 000
b. 50 000
c. 70 000
d. 100 000 C. 70 000
A nurse is teaching a client about coronary artery disease. Which changes occur
in this disorder and should be included in the explanation? (Select all that apply)
a. Diffuse involvement of plaque formation in coronary veins
b. Abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins
c. Accumulation of lipid plaques or calcification within the coronary arteries
d. Development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle
e. Chronic vasoconstriction of coronary arteries leading to permanent
vasospasm
B. Abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins
c. Accumulation of lipid plaques or calcification within the coronary arteries
, d. Development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle
Which statement indicates that the client requires additional instruction in
reducing cardiac risk factors?
A. "I would like to add weightlifting to my exercise program."
b. "I can't keep my blood pressure normal without medication."
c. "I can change my diet to decrease my intake of saturated fats."
d. "I will change my lifestyle to reduce activities that increase my stress."
A. "I would like to add weightlifting to my exercise program."
A hospitalized client with angina tells the nurse that she is having chest pain.
A client is admitted to the ED with chest pain of 2 hours' duration, ECG findings
consistent with an acute MI, and occasional ventricular dysrhythmias. With what
pharmacological therapy would the nurse expect the client to be managed
initially?
A. Diuretics
b. Nitroglycerin spray
c. Β-Adrenergic blockers
d. Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator
B. Nitroglycerin spray
Five days after an MI, a client is restless and apprehensive. How can the nurse
assist the client?
A. By providing all care and doing everything for the client
b. By structuring the environment and the routine so that the client can rest
c. By allowing the client to participate in planning and carrying out activities
d. By encouraging the family to provide for the client's physical care and give
emotional support
C. By allowing the client to participate in planning and carrying out activities
What is the most common pathological finding in individuals experiencing SCD?
A. Cardiomyopathies
b. Mitral valve disease
c. Atherosclerotic heart disease
d. Left ventricular hypertrophy C. Atherosclerotic heart disease
SCD=sudden cardiac death
Which pt is most at risk for developing coronary artery disease?
A. Hypertensive pt who smokes cigarettes
b. An overweight pt who uses smokeless tobacco
c. Pt who has diabetes and uses methamphetamines
d. Sedentary pt who has elevated homocysteine levels
A. Hypertensive pt who smokes cigarettes
2 risk factors for coronary artery disease that increase the workload of the heart
and increase myocardial oxygen demand are:
