NRS 4621 Chapter 10 Skin, Hair, and Nails|Dermatologic and Trichologic
Assessment: Anatomy and Physiology, Barrier Function, Thermoregulation,
Vitamin D Synthesis, Sensory Perception, Wound Repair, Excretion, Jaundice,
Cyanosis, Peripheral and Central Cyanosis, Vellus and Terminal Hair, Nail
Anatomy, Lunula, Cuticle, Health History, Rash, Lesions, Moles, Growths,
Bruising, Hair Loss, Primary and Secondary Skin Lesions, Macule, Papule,
Nodule, Tumor, Plaque, Wheal, Vesicle, Bulla, Pustule, Erythema, Carotenemia,
Cafe-Au-Lait Spots, Acanthosis Nigricans, Vitiligo, Tinea Versicolor, Psoriasis,
Atopic Dermatitis, Burrow, Acne Vulgaris, Actinic and Seborrheic Keratosis,
Shingles, Cellulitis, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma,
ABCDE Evaluation, Hair Disorders, Alopecia Areata, Trichotillomania, Tinea
Capitis, Nail Disorders Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Anatomy and physiology
Provides a barrier
Regulates body temp
Synthesizes vit D
Sensory perception
Allows wound repair
Allows excretion of metabolic wastes
Jaundice
Yellowish color
Deposition of bilirubin
Easier to observe in sclera, nails, palms, soles
Cyanosis
Bluish color
,Lack of oxygen (central)
Lack of blood flow (peripheral)
Peripheral cyanosis
C - cold
O - obstruction
L - LVF and shock
D - decreased cardiac output
Central cyanosis
P - polycythemia
A - altitude
L - lung disease
M - met-sulfhemoglobinemia
S - shunt
Vellus hair
Short, fine, inconspicuous, unpigmented
Terminal hair
Coarser, thicker, conspicuous, usually pigmented
Nails
Protect distal ends of fingers and toes
, Nail plate
Lunula
Cuticle
The health history
Diseases of the skin
Systemic diseases that have skin manifestations
Any exposures that can cause skin problems
Allergies or food sensitivities
Burns or sunburns - risk for skin cancer
Corticosteroid medications
Medication use
Immunization record
Family history (skin disorders, allergies)
The health history - common or concerning symptoms
Rash
Non healing lesions
Moles
Growths
Lesions
Bruising (ecchymosis)
Hair loss
Nail changes
Physical examination of skin
Assessment: Anatomy and Physiology, Barrier Function, Thermoregulation,
Vitamin D Synthesis, Sensory Perception, Wound Repair, Excretion, Jaundice,
Cyanosis, Peripheral and Central Cyanosis, Vellus and Terminal Hair, Nail
Anatomy, Lunula, Cuticle, Health History, Rash, Lesions, Moles, Growths,
Bruising, Hair Loss, Primary and Secondary Skin Lesions, Macule, Papule,
Nodule, Tumor, Plaque, Wheal, Vesicle, Bulla, Pustule, Erythema, Carotenemia,
Cafe-Au-Lait Spots, Acanthosis Nigricans, Vitiligo, Tinea Versicolor, Psoriasis,
Atopic Dermatitis, Burrow, Acne Vulgaris, Actinic and Seborrheic Keratosis,
Shingles, Cellulitis, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma,
ABCDE Evaluation, Hair Disorders, Alopecia Areata, Trichotillomania, Tinea
Capitis, Nail Disorders Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Anatomy and physiology
Provides a barrier
Regulates body temp
Synthesizes vit D
Sensory perception
Allows wound repair
Allows excretion of metabolic wastes
Jaundice
Yellowish color
Deposition of bilirubin
Easier to observe in sclera, nails, palms, soles
Cyanosis
Bluish color
,Lack of oxygen (central)
Lack of blood flow (peripheral)
Peripheral cyanosis
C - cold
O - obstruction
L - LVF and shock
D - decreased cardiac output
Central cyanosis
P - polycythemia
A - altitude
L - lung disease
M - met-sulfhemoglobinemia
S - shunt
Vellus hair
Short, fine, inconspicuous, unpigmented
Terminal hair
Coarser, thicker, conspicuous, usually pigmented
Nails
Protect distal ends of fingers and toes
, Nail plate
Lunula
Cuticle
The health history
Diseases of the skin
Systemic diseases that have skin manifestations
Any exposures that can cause skin problems
Allergies or food sensitivities
Burns or sunburns - risk for skin cancer
Corticosteroid medications
Medication use
Immunization record
Family history (skin disorders, allergies)
The health history - common or concerning symptoms
Rash
Non healing lesions
Moles
Growths
Lesions
Bruising (ecchymosis)
Hair loss
Nail changes
Physical examination of skin
