a-IPC Exam Study Guide (Test 1) questions with verified || || || || || || || || ||
solutions
The bacterium most likely to be transmitted from mother to infant during labor and cause
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neonatal sepsis is: || || ||
a. Escherichia coli
|| || ||
b. Staphylococcus aureus
|| || ||
c. Group B Streptococcus
|| || || ||
d. Group A Streptococcus - ✔✔c. Group B Streptococcus
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Which of the following is an example of the criterion of "Strength of the Association" from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Hill's criteria for causation?
|| || || ||
a. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, the odds ratio was 2:3 || || || || || ||
b. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, the authors' conclusions are consistent with those of three other studies
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, antibiotic therapy began an average of 3 weeks before C. difficile infection
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
developed ||
d. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, prolonged antibiotic therapy was a greater risk factor for C. difficile infection than
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
short-term antibiotic therapy - ✔✔a. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and development of C. difficile infection, the odds ratio was 2:3
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following rules should be followed when collecting a stool sample for C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
testing? ||
1) Stool sample should be freshly passed within 1-2 hours
|| || || || || || || || || ||
2) 10-20mL. of formed stool should be collected
|| || || || || || || ||
,3) Stool should be passed into a clean, dry container
|| || || || || || || || || ||
4) Specimens should be obtained before antimicrobial agents have been administered
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. 1, 2
|| || ||
b. 2, 3
|| || ||
c. 1, 3
|| || ||
d. 1, 4 - ✔✔c. 1, 3
|| || || || || ||
What type of meningitis would be most consistent with the following cerebrospinal fluid
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(CSF) report result: || || ||
Glucose= Decreased; Protein= Elevated; WBC counts= 1,000/mm3
|| || || || || || ||
a. Bacterial
|| ||
b. Viral
|| ||
c. Fungal
|| ||
d. Tuberculosis - ✔✔a. Bacterial
|| || || ||
The following blood culture result should be considered a potential contaminant:
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. A positive result of coagulase-negative staphylococci from two sets, 2 days apart, without
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms ||
b. A positive result of S. aureus from one bottle in a patient with a temperature of 38.6°C
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. A positive result of E. coli from one bottle in an afebrile patient with diarrhea
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. A positive result of Candida albicans in a fungal blood culture in a patient with a urinary
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
tract infection - ✔✔a. A positive result of coagulase-negative staphylococci from two sets, 2
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
days apart, without symptoms
|| || ||
Which of the following organisms have been associated with the transmission of infections
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
after body piercing?
|| || ||
1) Atypical Mycobacterium species
|| || || ||
,2) Staphylococcus species
|| || ||
3) Pseudomonas species
|| || ||
4) Haemophilus species
|| || ||
a. 1, 2, 3
|| || || ||
b. 2, 3, 4
|| || || ||
c. 1, 3, 4
|| || || ||
d. 1, 2, 4 - ✔✔a. 1, 2, 3
|| || || || || || || ||
The Director of the Operating Room (OR) requests that the OR surfaces be routinely
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
environmentally cultured. The IP's best response should be: || || || || || || || ||
a. A schedule for routine culturing of the OR should be arranged so that each room is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cultured at a set interval || || || || ||
b. Routine culturing of the OR should be done in the absence of any epidemiologic
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
investigations in that area || || || ||
c. Routine culturing should not be done because it is too expensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. Routine environmental culturing should not be considered unless an epidemiologic
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
investigation is being conducted - ✔✔d. Routine environmental culturing should not be || || || || || || || || || || || ||
considered unless an epidemiologic investigation is being conducted || || || || || || ||
All of the following may be indications of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
malfunction except: || ||
a. An increase in the postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) rates
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
b. A single case of aspergillosis in a severely immunosuppressed patient
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
c. Healthcare-associated varicella infections
|| || || ||
d. An outbreak of ventilator-associated Acinetobacter infections in the Intensive Care Unit
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
(ICU) - ✔✔d. An outbreak of ventilator-associated Acinetobacter infections in the Intensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Care Unit (ICU) || ||
, A patient who underwent intraocular surgery was diagnosed with a noninfectious
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
endopthalmitis after the procedure. The IP initiates an investigation to identify the possible || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cause. Which of the following factors should be considered?
|| || || || || || || || ||
1) Improper handling, cleaning, and rinsing of the instruments
|| || || || || || || || ||
2) Improper labeling of the solutions
|| || || || || ||
3) Gloves and powder
|| || || ||
4) Prophylactic antibiotics administered 2 hours before the procedure
|| || || || || || || || ||
a. 1, 3
|| || ||
b. 1, 2
|| || ||
c. 3, 4
|| || ||
d. 2, 4 - ✔✔a. 1, 3
|| || || || || ||
Sensitivity may be defined as: || || || || ||
a. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with the disease) when applied to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
population with the disease || || || ||
b. The ability of a test to detect the true negatives (persons without the disease) when applied
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
to a population without the disease
|| || || || || ||
c. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with disease) when applied to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
population without the disease || || || ||
d. The percentage of persons with true positive results when the test is applied to persons
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
without the disease - ✔✔a. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
disease) when applied to a population with the disease
|| || || || || || || ||
The IP is monitoring blood work in order to differentiate between bacterial or viral infection
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
in a newly admitted ICU patient. Which of the following components of a complete blood
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
count (CBC) should the IP examine in order to determine this information?
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Hematocrit
|| ||
b. White blood cell count
|| || || || ||
solutions
The bacterium most likely to be transmitted from mother to infant during labor and cause
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neonatal sepsis is: || || ||
a. Escherichia coli
|| || ||
b. Staphylococcus aureus
|| || ||
c. Group B Streptococcus
|| || || ||
d. Group A Streptococcus - ✔✔c. Group B Streptococcus
|| || || || || || || ||
Which of the following is an example of the criterion of "Strength of the Association" from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Hill's criteria for causation?
|| || || ||
a. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, the odds ratio was 2:3 || || || || || ||
b. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, the authors' conclusions are consistent with those of three other studies
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, antibiotic therapy began an average of 3 weeks before C. difficile infection
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
developed ||
d. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
infection, prolonged antibiotic therapy was a greater risk factor for C. difficile infection than
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
short-term antibiotic therapy - ✔✔a. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and development of C. difficile infection, the odds ratio was 2:3
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following rules should be followed when collecting a stool sample for C. difficile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
testing? ||
1) Stool sample should be freshly passed within 1-2 hours
|| || || || || || || || || ||
2) 10-20mL. of formed stool should be collected
|| || || || || || || ||
,3) Stool should be passed into a clean, dry container
|| || || || || || || || || ||
4) Specimens should be obtained before antimicrobial agents have been administered
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. 1, 2
|| || ||
b. 2, 3
|| || ||
c. 1, 3
|| || ||
d. 1, 4 - ✔✔c. 1, 3
|| || || || || ||
What type of meningitis would be most consistent with the following cerebrospinal fluid
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(CSF) report result: || || ||
Glucose= Decreased; Protein= Elevated; WBC counts= 1,000/mm3
|| || || || || || ||
a. Bacterial
|| ||
b. Viral
|| ||
c. Fungal
|| ||
d. Tuberculosis - ✔✔a. Bacterial
|| || || ||
The following blood culture result should be considered a potential contaminant:
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. A positive result of coagulase-negative staphylococci from two sets, 2 days apart, without
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms ||
b. A positive result of S. aureus from one bottle in a patient with a temperature of 38.6°C
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. A positive result of E. coli from one bottle in an afebrile patient with diarrhea
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. A positive result of Candida albicans in a fungal blood culture in a patient with a urinary
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
tract infection - ✔✔a. A positive result of coagulase-negative staphylococci from two sets, 2
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
days apart, without symptoms
|| || ||
Which of the following organisms have been associated with the transmission of infections
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
after body piercing?
|| || ||
1) Atypical Mycobacterium species
|| || || ||
,2) Staphylococcus species
|| || ||
3) Pseudomonas species
|| || ||
4) Haemophilus species
|| || ||
a. 1, 2, 3
|| || || ||
b. 2, 3, 4
|| || || ||
c. 1, 3, 4
|| || || ||
d. 1, 2, 4 - ✔✔a. 1, 2, 3
|| || || || || || || ||
The Director of the Operating Room (OR) requests that the OR surfaces be routinely
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
environmentally cultured. The IP's best response should be: || || || || || || || ||
a. A schedule for routine culturing of the OR should be arranged so that each room is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cultured at a set interval || || || || ||
b. Routine culturing of the OR should be done in the absence of any epidemiologic
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
investigations in that area || || || ||
c. Routine culturing should not be done because it is too expensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. Routine environmental culturing should not be considered unless an epidemiologic
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
investigation is being conducted - ✔✔d. Routine environmental culturing should not be || || || || || || || || || || || ||
considered unless an epidemiologic investigation is being conducted || || || || || || ||
All of the following may be indications of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
malfunction except: || ||
a. An increase in the postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) rates
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
b. A single case of aspergillosis in a severely immunosuppressed patient
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
c. Healthcare-associated varicella infections
|| || || ||
d. An outbreak of ventilator-associated Acinetobacter infections in the Intensive Care Unit
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
(ICU) - ✔✔d. An outbreak of ventilator-associated Acinetobacter infections in the Intensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Care Unit (ICU) || ||
, A patient who underwent intraocular surgery was diagnosed with a noninfectious
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
endopthalmitis after the procedure. The IP initiates an investigation to identify the possible || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cause. Which of the following factors should be considered?
|| || || || || || || || ||
1) Improper handling, cleaning, and rinsing of the instruments
|| || || || || || || || ||
2) Improper labeling of the solutions
|| || || || || ||
3) Gloves and powder
|| || || ||
4) Prophylactic antibiotics administered 2 hours before the procedure
|| || || || || || || || ||
a. 1, 3
|| || ||
b. 1, 2
|| || ||
c. 3, 4
|| || ||
d. 2, 4 - ✔✔a. 1, 3
|| || || || || ||
Sensitivity may be defined as: || || || || ||
a. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with the disease) when applied to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
population with the disease || || || ||
b. The ability of a test to detect the true negatives (persons without the disease) when applied
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
to a population without the disease
|| || || || || ||
c. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with disease) when applied to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
population without the disease || || || ||
d. The percentage of persons with true positive results when the test is applied to persons
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
without the disease - ✔✔a. The ability of a test to detect true positives (persons with the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
disease) when applied to a population with the disease
|| || || || || || || ||
The IP is monitoring blood work in order to differentiate between bacterial or viral infection
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
in a newly admitted ICU patient. Which of the following components of a complete blood
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
count (CBC) should the IP examine in order to determine this information?
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Hematocrit
|| ||
b. White blood cell count
|| || || || ||
