MBI 111 EXAM 1 | 114 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
Antoine van Leewenhoek (1600s) - (ANSWER)developed simple microscopes, looked at fabric, "The
Father of MBI", called bacteria "weeanimalcules"
Ignaz Semmelweis (1840s) - (ANSWER)suspected that doctors were transmitting childbed fever to
women during childbirth, required hand washing in chlorine solution
John Snow (1850s) - (ANSWER)cholera, found that 500 fatal cases occurred in 10 days within 2500 yds.
of a certain intersection, shut down the broad street pump and identified the link b/n cholera and water
Joseph Lister (1860s) - (ANSWER)followed up on infection control work by Semmelweis, used carbolic
acid (phenol) to clean surgical dressings and instruments to control infections, cleanliness could control
disease
Louis Pasteur (1860-1880s) - (ANSWER)microbes are everywhere, food spoilage, heat can kill microbes,
suspected that microbes could cause disease and microbes too weak to cause disease could cause
immunity
Robert Koch - (ANSWER)Germ Theory of Disease, developed techniques for growing bacteria in the lab,
Koch's postulates, discovered the bacterial causes for tuberculosis and cholera
Guy de Chauliac - (ANSWER)Black Plague survivor, advised Pope Clement, cured plague by air
purification, venesection, and healthy diet
Edward Jenner - (ANSWER)noted that milkmaids who had developed cowpox seemed protected from
smallpox, inoculation results in immunity-prevented disease
Leprosy - (ANSWER)a skin and nerve disease caused by mycobacterium leprae bacteria (2 forms)
Tuberculoid Leprosy - (ANSWER)(Type of leprosy) shallow, irregular skin lesions, some loss of sensation
due to damage in nerves in affected areas
, MBI 111 EXAM 1 | 114 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
Lepromatous Leprosy - (ANSWER)(type of leprosy) disfiguring disease, significant nerve damage occurs
which can lead to serious unrecognized injuries
Leprosy's Long Term Impact - (ANSWER)-diseases can be contagious
-isolation can be used as prevention
-certain diseases stigmatize those affected
Plague - (ANSWER)a complex disease that can affect multiple organs, caused by Y. pests bacteria (3-
forms)
Bubonic Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) Y. Pestis bacteria are transmitted by rats to humans by rat
flea bites
-lymph nodes become infected, swell and become neurotic ("bubos")
-fever, chills, headache
Septicemic "Black" Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) Occurs when Y. pests bacteria spreads from the
lymph nodes to the bloodstream
-immune system has inappropriate reaction to endotoxin Y. pests
-intravascular coagulation/septic shock (hands turn black)
Pneumonic Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) when Y. pests from bloodstream infects lungs from
direct airborne transmission
-respiratory failure
-death from septic shock
-spreads from person to person
*no rat flea bites required
Syphilis - (ANSWER)a complex disease with 1-4 distinct stages
-caused by Treponema palladium bacteria
SOLUTION
Antoine van Leewenhoek (1600s) - (ANSWER)developed simple microscopes, looked at fabric, "The
Father of MBI", called bacteria "weeanimalcules"
Ignaz Semmelweis (1840s) - (ANSWER)suspected that doctors were transmitting childbed fever to
women during childbirth, required hand washing in chlorine solution
John Snow (1850s) - (ANSWER)cholera, found that 500 fatal cases occurred in 10 days within 2500 yds.
of a certain intersection, shut down the broad street pump and identified the link b/n cholera and water
Joseph Lister (1860s) - (ANSWER)followed up on infection control work by Semmelweis, used carbolic
acid (phenol) to clean surgical dressings and instruments to control infections, cleanliness could control
disease
Louis Pasteur (1860-1880s) - (ANSWER)microbes are everywhere, food spoilage, heat can kill microbes,
suspected that microbes could cause disease and microbes too weak to cause disease could cause
immunity
Robert Koch - (ANSWER)Germ Theory of Disease, developed techniques for growing bacteria in the lab,
Koch's postulates, discovered the bacterial causes for tuberculosis and cholera
Guy de Chauliac - (ANSWER)Black Plague survivor, advised Pope Clement, cured plague by air
purification, venesection, and healthy diet
Edward Jenner - (ANSWER)noted that milkmaids who had developed cowpox seemed protected from
smallpox, inoculation results in immunity-prevented disease
Leprosy - (ANSWER)a skin and nerve disease caused by mycobacterium leprae bacteria (2 forms)
Tuberculoid Leprosy - (ANSWER)(Type of leprosy) shallow, irregular skin lesions, some loss of sensation
due to damage in nerves in affected areas
, MBI 111 EXAM 1 | 114 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
Lepromatous Leprosy - (ANSWER)(type of leprosy) disfiguring disease, significant nerve damage occurs
which can lead to serious unrecognized injuries
Leprosy's Long Term Impact - (ANSWER)-diseases can be contagious
-isolation can be used as prevention
-certain diseases stigmatize those affected
Plague - (ANSWER)a complex disease that can affect multiple organs, caused by Y. pests bacteria (3-
forms)
Bubonic Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) Y. Pestis bacteria are transmitted by rats to humans by rat
flea bites
-lymph nodes become infected, swell and become neurotic ("bubos")
-fever, chills, headache
Septicemic "Black" Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) Occurs when Y. pests bacteria spreads from the
lymph nodes to the bloodstream
-immune system has inappropriate reaction to endotoxin Y. pests
-intravascular coagulation/septic shock (hands turn black)
Pneumonic Plague - (ANSWER)(form of plague) when Y. pests from bloodstream infects lungs from
direct airborne transmission
-respiratory failure
-death from septic shock
-spreads from person to person
*no rat flea bites required
Syphilis - (ANSWER)a complex disease with 1-4 distinct stages
-caused by Treponema palladium bacteria
