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PHARM 180 Final Practice Questions and
Correct Answers/ Latest Update / Already
Graded
What is the first-pass effect?
Ans: The metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches
systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.
When should PO medications NOT be given?
Ans: Dysphagia, NPO status, altered level of consciousness,
active vomiting.
What does a narrow therapeutic index mean?
Ans: There is a small margin between therapeutic and toxic
drug levels, requiring close monitoring.
When are peak and trough drug levels drawn?
Ans: Peak: about 30 minutes after IV infusion; Trough: about 30
minutes before the next dose.
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
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Ans: Block conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
causing vasodilation.
What are major adverse effects of ACE inhibitors?
Ans: Dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema.
When must ACE inhibitors be stopped immediately?
Ans: When signs of angioedema occur (swelling of face, lips,
tongue, or throat).
What electrolyte imbalance is a risk with ARBs?
Ans: Hyperkalemia.
What key side effect distinguishes ARBs from ACE inhibitors?
Ans: ARBs do not cause a dry cough.
What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?
Ans: Block calcium entry into cells causing vasodilation,
decreased heart rate, and decreased contractility.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
PHARM 180 Final Practice Questions and
Correct Answers/ Latest Update / Already
Graded
What is the first-pass effect?
Ans: The metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches
systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.
When should PO medications NOT be given?
Ans: Dysphagia, NPO status, altered level of consciousness,
active vomiting.
What does a narrow therapeutic index mean?
Ans: There is a small margin between therapeutic and toxic
drug levels, requiring close monitoring.
When are peak and trough drug levels drawn?
Ans: Peak: about 30 minutes after IV infusion; Trough: about 30
minutes before the next dose.
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |2
Ans: Block conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
causing vasodilation.
What are major adverse effects of ACE inhibitors?
Ans: Dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema.
When must ACE inhibitors be stopped immediately?
Ans: When signs of angioedema occur (swelling of face, lips,
tongue, or throat).
What electrolyte imbalance is a risk with ARBs?
Ans: Hyperkalemia.
What key side effect distinguishes ARBs from ACE inhibitors?
Ans: ARBs do not cause a dry cough.
What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?
Ans: Block calcium entry into cells causing vasodilation,
decreased heart rate, and decreased contractility.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
